1，水源不可靠，用瓶装水，那么洗澡用水有问题吗？ 2，氯乙烯燃烧产生二恶英，出门靠口罩还有用吗？ 3，需要立刻搬家吗？离出事地点100 mile。 家人和邻居有恶心，呕吐及肠胃不适的症状。 Ohio train derailment results in lawsuits, dead animals and lingering questions about toxic chemicals
Ohio train derailment results in lawsuits, dead animals and lingering questions about toxic chemicals 948
A black plume rises over East Palestine, Ohio, as a result of a controlled detonation of a portion of the derailed Norfolk Southern trains. (Gene J. Puskar/AP) The fallout continues from the derailment of a train carrying toxic chemicals near the Ohio-Pennsylvania border earlier this month, as local residents file lawsuits and some cast doubt on official assurances about air and water quality. The derailment and evacuation On Feb. 3, 50 train cars operated by Norfolk Southern derailed in East Palestine, Ohio, a town of about 5,000 people located 50 miles northwest of Pittsburgh. That derailment resulted in a massive fire and Gov. Mike DeWine ordering an evacuation on Sunday, Feb. 5. "Within the last two hours, a drastic temperature change has taken place in a rail car, and there is now the potential of a catastrophic tanker failure which could cause an explosion with the potential of deadly shrapnel traveling up to a mile,” DeWine said in a statement, adding that those with children in their home who chose not to evacuate would be subject to arrest. Last Monday, Norfolk Southern released toxic chemicals from five of the derailed tanker cars in an attempt to preempt a larger explosion. One of the chemicals they were most concerned about was vinyl chloride, a colorless gas used in the making of plastic products. According to the National Cancer Institute, exposure to the gas is associated with “with an increased risk of a rare form of liver cancer (hepatic angiosarcoma), as well as primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma), brain and lung cancers, lymphoma, and leukemia.” The chemical can also enter water supplies and be ingested. The freight train that derailed in East Palestine, Ohio, is still on fire at midday a day after the accident. (Gene J. Puskar/AP) Concurrent with the releasing of the chemicals, DeWine and Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro issued a wider evacuation order for the area around East Palestine, stating, “The controlled release process involves the burning of the rail cars’ chemicals, which will release fumes into the air that can be deadly if inhaled. Based on current weather patterns and the expected flow of the smoke and fumes, anyone who remains in the red affected area is facing grave danger of death. Anyone who remains in the yellow impacted area is at a high risk of severe injury, including skin burns and serious lung damage.” Two days later, DeWine issued a statement that it was safe for residents to return home, saying, “Air quality samples in the area of the wreckage and in nearby residential neighborhoods have consistently showed readings at points below safety screening levels for contaminants of concern. Based on this information, state and local health officials determined that it is now safe for community members to return to their residences.” James Justice of the Environmental Protection Agency echoed this, saying, “All of the readings we’ve been recording in the community have been at normal concentration. ... Hundreds and hundreds of data points we’ve collected over the time show the air quality is safe.” The EPA has yet to release a full list of the chemicals potentially released in the crash. Kurt Kollar of the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency said that the incident had resulted in the death of fish but that the town’s water supply was safe. The Ohio Department of Natural Resources told Yahoo News on Monday that the estimated stream length affected is approximately 7-and-a-half miles and that the spill killed an estimated 3,500 fish. Workers place booms in a stream as the cleanup continues, Feb. 9. (Gene J. Puskar/AP) “Material does and in this case has entered the water way,” Kollar said, “Actions were taken to minimize that. There were detections through laboratory analysis of it, the unfortunate side [effects] of those were immediately toxic to fish but all the information and data to date is that it’s still been protective to drinking water.” DeWine said Norfolk Southern would pay for testing for private wells supplying rural homes, saying, “It’s very understandable you may want that testing done before you go back in your house.” The company had initially pledged$25,000 to support “the efforts of the American Red Cross and their temporary community shelters.” “The burden is upon them is to assure the public that what they do everyday is safe,” DeWine said of Norfolk Southern last week. “We will hold their feet to the fire — Norfolk Southern’s feet to the fire, as I say, and make sure that everything is done right,” said East Palestine Mayor Trent Conaway. The cause of the derailment is still under investigation by the National Transportation Safety Board. It is the third freight derailment in the state over the last four monthson trains operated by Norfolk Southern. In November, a train derailed in Steubenville, dumping trash into the Ohio River. Officials in Sandusky are still waiting on the company to complete cleanup of an October derailment that spilled paraffin wax and blocked an underpass. A Norfolk Southern freight train. (Gene J. Puskar/AP) “Engineers from the NTSB Materials Laboratory will examine the rail car wheel and axle that potentially experienced a mechanical issue,” the NTSB told Yahoo News in a statement on Monday afternoon. “The tank cars are being decontaminated and NTSB investigators are scheduled to return to Ohio to complete a thorough examination of the tank cars. NTSB investigators continue to review documentation, event recorder data and perform interviews. The preliminary report, which includes all the factual information learned to date, is expected to publish in 30 days.” Sil Caggiano, a former battalion chief with the Youngstown Fire Department and a hazardous materials expert, was critical of the response: “We basically nuked a town with chemicals so we could get a railroad open,” he told WKBN, a local TV news affiliate. “I was surprised when they quickly told the people they can go back home, but then said if they feel like they want their homes tested they can have them tested. I would’ve far rather they did all the testing,” Caggiano said, adding, “There’s a lot of what ifs, and we’re going to be looking at this thing 5, 10, 15, 20 years down the line and wondering, ‘Gee, cancer clusters could pop up, you know, well water could go bad.’” Unions have blamed derailments on a new scheduling system and on understaffing. Railroad workers attempted to strike last year in order to gain paid sick leave, but the Democratic-controlled Congress passed a law signed by President Biden forcing them back to work, disappointing many labor leaders. Norfolk Southern is one of the rail companies that currently does not offer paid sick leave to its employees. “They’re really just trying to squeeze as much productivity out of these workers as they can,” Greg Regan, president of the AFL-CIO’s Transportation Trades Department coalition, told the Associated Press. "And when you’re focused on timing and rushing, unfortunately sometimes things can fall through the cracks.” East Palestine residents take legal action against Norfolk Southern Railway Co.People gather at the Norfolk Southern Railways Assistance Center, Feb. 9. (Gene J. Puskar/AP) Although investigation is still underway, Norfolk Southern is already facing mounting federal and civil class-action lawsuits from East Palestine residents demanding accountability — and compensation — for the damages they say they’ve suffered as a result of the accident. The first of several federal lawsuits was reportedly filed in the U.S. District Court in Youngstown last Tuesday, one day after crews released dangerous chemicals from the derailed train cars that were at risk of exploding. That suit, which is seeking class action status, accuses Norfolk Southern Railway Co. of negligence and seeks at least $5 million in damages from the railroad company for people impacted by the release of toxic chemicals as a result of the derailment. The plaintiffs include a local business owner who “suffered damages” as a result of being forced to close his shop during the evacuation, and another resident who allegedly “suffered injuries as a direct and proximate result of his exposure to the toxic chemicals and fumes emanating from the accident site,” according to WPXI, an NBC News affiliate in Pittsburgh. Another class-action lawsuit filed in federal court last week by two local residents alleges that Norfolk Southern is responsible for causing a decrease in the market value of the plaintiffs’ properties which, they contend, may be “uninhabitable for some time” due to the conditions created by the derailment and subsequent evacuation. In addition to the federal cases, at least one civil class-action suit has been filed in Columbiana County Common Pleas Court. The plaintiffs in that case include the operators of two dog kennels in East Palestine. As with the federal lawsuits, the civil complaint accuses Norfolk Southern, as well as personnel aboard the train, of failing to address mechanical issues that appear to have caused the derailment. According to the Steubenville [Ohio] Herald-Star, the civil suit accuses the defendants of not releasing the list of dangerous chemicals aboard the train until days after the derailment, noting that chemicals released into nearby waterways caused the death of several fish. Sick animals raise concerns about possible health effectsResidents of East Palestine have been allowed back into their homes after being forced to evacuate following the derailment. (Gene J. Puskar/AP) Fish aren’t the only animals reportedly suffering in the aftermath of the train derailment. For some, the apparent impact on local wildlife is cause for concern about the potential health effects of the chemicals released in East Palestine. Taylor Holzer, a registered foxkeeper who runs a dairy farm with his family adjacent to the evacuation zone, told the local news affiliate WKBN last week that one of his foxes had died following the derailment and the rest have exhibited a variety of unusual symptoms, including lack of appetite, upset stomach and lethargy, as well as rapid pacing and abnormally puffy faces. “Smoke and chemicals from the train, that’s the only thing that can cause it, because it doesn’t just happen out of nowhere,” Holzer told WKBN. “The chemicals that we’re being told are safe in the air, that’s definitely not safe for the animals ... or people.” The morning after the controlled release of chemicals from the derailed train in East Palestine, a woman who lives more than 10 miles away in North Lima, Ohio, says she found her rooster and five hens dead, with no sign that they’d been attacked by another animal. Amanda Breshears told WKBN she believes the chickens were killed by toxins released in Lebanon, Ohio, that sent the smell of chlorine and other toxins wafting into the Mahoning Valley. Though local officials insisted that the unpleasant odor wasn’t dangerous, Breshears argued that the sudden death of her chickens suggests otherwise. The cleanup of the derailment continues. (Gene J. Puskar/AP) “My video camera footage shows my chickens were perfectly fine before they started this burn, and as soon as they started the burn, my chickens slowed down and they died,” she said. “If it can do this to chickens in one night, imagine what it’s going to do to us in 20 years.” More than a week after the derailment sent a slew of toxic chemicals into the air and waterways in and around East Palestine, the Washington Post reported that many residents, as well as environmental health experts, were continuing to question whether it was safe to return home. Some residents, like Maura Todd, told the Post they’d decided to relocate to Kentucky temporarily, citing the lingering odor of nail polish remover and burning rubber, as well as the headaches and nausea she and her family had experienced after returning to their house last weekend. But others, like Eric Whiting, aren’t able to move their families, forcing them to take local authorities at their word, despite the lingering smell of chlorine in the air. “For a small town, we have to trust them, because what else do we have to do?” Whiting told the Post. “We have to trust that they are not lying to us.”
Combustion of chloroethene can form polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, as chlorine is a key factor in their formation. The formation of PCDDs and PCDFs occurs in two temperature windows during combustion processes, and the role of chlorine in dioxin formation has been studied extensively. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0957582000708445 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3155/1047-3289.61.5.511
Combustion of chloroethene can form polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, as chlorine is a key factor in their formation. The formation of PCDDs and PCDFs occurs in two temperature windows during combustion processes, and the role of chlorine in dioxin formation has been studied extensively. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0957582000708445 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3155/1047-3289.61.5.511
回复 36楼amyfair的帖子 看報導，2/8 ，五天前，俄州與賓州州長發出聲明，告訴事件發生時附近疏散的居民可以回家了。經過空氣持續檢測，指標沒有問題。 https://www.governor.pa.gov/newsroom/east-palestine-update-residents-can-safely-return-home 上面是賓州州政府的網站上的報導： Air quality samples in the area of the wreckage and in nearby residential neighborhoods have consistently showed readings at points below safety screening levels for contaminants of concern.
美国化学学会对这个事件的报道 While vinyl chloride itself is a carcinogen, the burning of the chemical, which releases hydrogen chloride and phosgene, can be immediately lethal. Phosgene, a highly toxic, colorless gas with a strong odor, was notoriously used as a weapon during World War I.
Ohio train derailment results in lawsuits, dead animals and lingering questions about toxic chemicals
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黑的主要都是碳黑，常见的PM2.5 污染物，轮胎里面就添加了很多碳黑
pv=nrt，压力够大的话，常温下也可以有液态气体的。
帕斯卡教他的？
"每平方米重达一顿"是什么意思？
液态VC的密度还真和水的密度大差不差。
https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/1692 Specific Gravity: 0.969 at 8.6°F (USCG, 1999)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_density
好消息是气态VC比空气重，所以你不贴在地面呼吸的话，还是安全的，小动物就有点悲剧。
一，是有1个记者被拘留了5小时。 二，那个记者被拘留不是因为报道这个事件，是因为他在采访过程中破坏现场秩序。 三，除了那个记者，还有别的记者报道这个事件，没有被拘留。
🛋️ 沙发板凳
你如果在东北方向，还是赶紧想退路。如果在其他地方，暂时不要紧
早晚跟日本核电废料一样，污染全国。。。
这还不搬家？身体健康是第一位的，赚钱没意义，因为钱买不了命。即便没钱搬家，现在也可以出去旅游，去加州或者回国呆上个半年一年的。
已经有不止一个网友说，感觉身体不好了。200英里以外的都有。
而且这个有长期效应，水可能会污染100年。不然怎么会用切尔诺贝利这个词？
按照刚才有个网友发的图，密西西比河以东都没戏了。赶紧搬家吧。远离中西部，越远越好。
当地的人也许不在乎，可是我们到美国来，不就是为了一个好生活么？如果健康没有了，一切都没有了。
快搬家吧。
心理作用。
那么远空气早就没事了。五十迈就没事
然后就是那个二恶英，十年前我多次吃过二恶英重度污染的区域的鱼，也是化学厂泄露。当时不知道。湖旁边画了好多骷髅，我还是吃了，现在还好吧。有些食品二恶英含量更高。
氯乙烯燃烧不禁产生二恶英，还产生光气。光气可是一战里的头号化学武器
以下转自wikipdia -------------------------------------------------- 光气是一种阴险的毒剂，因为它的气味可能不会被注意到，而且症状可能会缓慢出现。[23]
光气的气味检测阈值为 0.4 ppm，是阈限值的四倍。其高毒性源自于对肺泡中的蛋白质的–OH、–NH2 和–SH 基团的作用，并分别生成酯、酰胺和硫酯。这会导致血气屏障中断，最终导致肺水肿。肺泡损伤的程度并不是取决于吸入空气中的光气浓度，剂量（吸入光气的量）才是关键因素。[24]光气的剂量约等于浓度×暴露时长。[24][25]因此，存在光气意外释放风险的工作场所的人员通常会在靠近鼻子和嘴巴的地方佩戴指示牌。[26]此类指示牌会指示近似吸入剂量，如果监测到的剂量超过安全限值，则可立即进行治疗。[26]
与光气吸入相关的风险不是基于其毒性（与沙林或塔崩等现代化学武器相比要低得多），而是基于其典型影响。受光气影响的人可能在数小时内不会出现任何症状，直到出现肺水肿，此时就为时已晚了。[27]由于光气的意外释放而导致的所有死亡都是这样发生的。另一方面，及时治疗的肺水肿通常会在中长期内愈合，在暴露几天或几周后都不会产生重大后果。[28][29]尽管如此，也不应忽视未经治疗的慢性低浓度光气暴露对肺功能的有害健康影响。 尽管接触到的光气浓度不足以立即引起肺水肿，但据报道，许多使用光气的化学家（例如Leonidas Zervas）因持续低浓度地接触光气而出现慢性呼吸系统健康问题，并最终导致呼吸衰竭。
如果在工业或实验室环境中意外释放光气，可用氨气缓解；如果是液体溢出（例如双光气或光气的溶液），可以使用吸收剂和碳酸钠。
只吃了一次鱼和长期居住在二恶英污染的区域还是不一样吧？
搬家也不是一夜之间的事，lz还是赶紧想其它可行性的方法
我在西边，我母亲在Cleveland，在出事地北边。
你回的这货为了洗地。吃条鱼算个啥， 让它吃屎都能给它品出甜味来
辛辛那提在西边。
1The Chef's Garden 2United Producers 3Food systems 4Koenig Equipment 5Logan Head Start 6Lakeview Farms 7Cooper Farms Feed & Animal Production Inc 8Heritage Cooperative 9Mapleside Farms 10Bittersweet Farms 11Standard Wellness 12Sunrise Cooperative 13Michael Farms 14Trupointe Cooperative 15Pegasus Farm 16Fulton Farms 17Findlay Market
厉害！
https://ohio.org/home/made-in-ohio/food-drink/snack-foods
可能不看美国新闻和当地英文新闻吧，一直在报道啊
因为都强调俄州，看地图其实是在滨州的匹兹堡附近啊。
爆炸说明已经聚合了
双眼盯着望远镜看中国负面消息呢 眼皮底下的当然注意不到
这个要留存，买菜的时候拿出来对照，这日子一天天过的，还有完没完啊?
估计是。看地图离Pittsburgh 很近。Cleveland 和Pittsburg 人口都不少。真的应该重视。
大部分老百姓可能根本不知道这些化学物质的危害。
你反之亦然？
这就是为啥要打气球，全民都歇斯底里的搞气球去了
第一波是空气污染，第二波是水污染。 目前风向看，西北不要紧，过几天倒风向的话，说不定已经灭了。水污染流动过去需要的时间很长
而且匹兹堡的华人大部分都集中住在匹城北面新区的
科州那么高，就算是在附近都没事
可能象楼下层友说的，报道的Ohio 所以PA的人们没注意。
我在美国住着， 盯着美国看不是很正常吗？ 你在美国住，用显微镜 盯着中国， 对美国事情置若罔闻
哪个正常？
MARK
是不是有很多牛奶cheese的生产厂都在那个100mile的impact zone里边啊
聚合了是不是毒害比不充分燃烧小些？ 不过现在探究这个也没用了，已经烧好几天了
这RO系统有用吗？能放重金属有害物质吗？有推荐吗？
刚看过隔壁有个帖子说costco牛奶抢光了?
对 以后那区域的食品都别买。只买加州的 😂
而且很多还是蓝皮，不盯着自己的国家，整天盯着中国
Combustion of chloroethene can form polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, as chlorine is a key factor in their formation. The formation of PCDDs and PCDFs occurs in two temperature windows during combustion processes, and the role of chlorine in dioxin formation has been studied extensively.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0957582000708445 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3155/1047-3289.61.5.511
十万吨据说
Mark
看来吃的都买local的算了。
家人曾经在化工厂工作，长期接触聚氯乙烯（氯乙烯聚合物）。慢性病有：肝脏功能损伤，胰腺炎，肺部有阴影。光气更是剧毒物质，据说是枯草的味道，无色，所以很难目测发现。
目前附近水域里的死鱼，大概率是盐酸进入河流造成的。目测以后当地自然水域需要加入大量碱来中和。
至于二噁英，那是氯乙烯聚合后生成塑料聚氯乙烯，聚氯乙烯燃烧有可能产生的。目前到不了这一步
既然是爆炸。微量的总有吧。
谢谢解释，就盼着一位真懂化学的人来说说。
就是说不会有特别长期的污染， 住在附近的人躲上两个月就可以回来了， 不需要搬家， 对吗？
理论上是这样，我正在问匹兹堡那里的环境人员，看看这几天检测变化的趋势
孩子在cleveland上学需要注意什么吗？
等你的反馈，非常感谢先。
贵大州猴子屯的火车也出轨了。
决定最近去farm market 解决吃的问题， 大店的东西 不清楚来源， local farm 新鲜又好吃
这解释听着靠谱
不用担心 目前风向是往远离克利夫兰吹的，河流也是逆向。 影响的更多是匹兹堡和西弗吉尼亚的北部
赞专业解释，那就是还好
你自己赶紧逃吧
看報導，2/8 ，五天前，俄州與賓州州長發出聲明，告訴事件發生時附近疏散的居民可以回家了。經過空氣持續檢測，指標沒有問題。
https://www.governor.pa.gov/newsroom/east-palestine-update-residents-can-safely-return-home
上面是賓州州政府的網站上的報導： Air quality samples in the area of the wreckage and in nearby residential neighborhoods have consistently showed readings at points below safety screening levels for contaminants of concern.
以这次泄露的量，大概会有多少盐酸进入当地生态？
难得啊，应该没那么厉害
赞专业人士
盯着中文新闻更确切
这是测过了水质的结论？ 还是某个ID说的？ 推特上想说啥就说啥
氯乙烯本身遇火即爆，基本每一次事故都会爆炸，和聚合没有多强的联系。氯乙烯聚合成聚氯乙烯，需要催化剂引发剂和加压，不是单纯爆炸就能产生的
另外二噁英其实我们小时候吃盒饭摊子都会接触到，那时很多盒饭盒子都是聚氯乙烯泡沫做的，承装热烫的食物都会产生微量的二噁英。。。
我刷了下Twitter，发现有人说附近的鸡也死了，这是什么原因呢？理论上应该没有足够剂量的有毒物质杀死鸡才对。
新闻里说的是当场在处理，说对附近河流影响很有限。
你这个化工专业是假冒伪劣的吧，洗这种地。
燃烧的时候只有火焰边缘的分子或者自由基才可以接触氧气燃烧，内部的反应其实是pyrolysis，这才是为啥会产生二恶英的原因，内部自聚成PVC齐聚物都有可能
实际上氯乙烯燃烧温度在800度以下几乎肯定会产生二噁英。800度以上密闭空间高温彻底燃烧，才能比较杜绝二噁英产生。看消防员在地上挖坑点火，那是不可能保证consistent 800度的
美国化学学会对这个事件的报道
While vinyl chloride itself is a carcinogen, the burning of the chemical, which releases hydrogen chloride and phosgene, can be immediately lethal. Phosgene, a highly toxic, colorless gas with a strong odor, was notoriously used as a weapon during World War I.
“不会产生光气”my ass
盐酸
75mi以外的车被酸雨腐蚀成了这样 “空气质量达标” my ass