现在美国病例渐多，北美很多华人同学担心恐慌， 不如我们自己把知道的各州信息集中起来，方便大家及时求医自救，呼救及互救。我先把目前了解到的信息贴出来， 请大家把自己知道的信息一起贴上来，方便互助。 敬请华人上有专业知识的各领域专业人员能够抽时间给大家一点建议，纠正错误理解，或不实信息，真诚感谢。 此贴为互助贴， 请不管是国内翻墙的朋友还是北美持不同政见的华人朋友同学尽量克制，不要干扰求助及施助的人，人命关天，谢谢。 CDC昨天贴的Testing 各州情况，我把每个州都点了一遍，基本每个州都显示绿色，即都可以测，网页中还显示已经检测的人数，link： https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/testing-in-us.html 各州对自我疑似新冠者的检测条件和去哪里求助的说明，电话，网址的简要情况，link： https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/coronavirus-testing-information-covid-19-tests-according-state-health-departments-n1158041 Trump 总统说已经和Google一起建了一个网站作为主要检测管理程序，但是Google已经澄清该网站尚未完成（Link： https://techcrunch.com/2020/03/14/white-house-now-says-pilot-of-coronavirus-screening-site-will-roll-out-monday-for-bay-area/ ）， 等可以用了，我会贴上来 Alabama Call a health care provider if you are concerned you need to be tested -- these include physician practices, emergency departments and urgent care centers. They will help you make arrangements for testing without exposing others. Patients must meet thestate’s criteriato be tested, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Health care providers can order tests as they see appropriate. Results should be available in 24 to 72 hours. For more information, the public can call Alabama’s 211 system by dialing 2-1-1 or texting 888-421-1266—or visit theAlabama Department of Public Health’scoronavirus webpage. Alaska For information about coronavirus in Alaska, check theAlaska Department of Health and Social Services’ coronavirus website . NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response. Arizona Call your health care provider if you have symptoms and are concerned. If you do not have a regular provider, you can call an urgent care center. Patients must meet the state’s criteria to be tested, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. The Arizona State Public Health Lab and several private labs including SonoraQuest, Mayo, LabCorp and Arup are conducting testing in the state. Results are typically available 24 hours after they are received by the public health lab. For more details, you can call the Arizona information line by dialing 1-844-542-8201 or visit theArizona Department of Health Services’ website. Arkansas Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. If so, your provider will consult the Arkansas Department of Health about if and how to conduct testing. If you do not have a regular provider, call the nearest health care facility that can provide an evaluation or call an emergency room if you are in need of emergency care. The state typically only tests people who are symptomatic. Test results are available approximately 24 hours after they arrive at the state lab. There is some private lab testing in the state, which may have a different turnaround time for results and do not require approval by the state department of health. For more coronavirus information, call 800-803-7847 or visit theArkansas Department of Health’s website. California Call your health care provider orlocal public health departmentto be evaluated for testing if you are symptomatic, may have had contact with a person with coronavirus, or recently traveled to countries that have community spread. As of March 13, California had18 public health labstesting for coronavirus, with three more expected to be offering tests by next week. There are some private labs testing as well, though the state is not tracking their testing data. For a patient to be tested by a public health lab, their provider must contact the local public health department for approval and instructions. Most test results are available within 48 to 72 hours. For more coronavirus information, visit theCalifornia Department of Public Health’s webpage. 来自GEMMM的信息：看到这个新闻，如果你是Bay Area的Kaiser会员，Kaiser现在也有Drive Thru Testing，先要医生批准，然后开车过去，直接坐车里测。 https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/kaiser-opens-drive-thru-coronavirus-testing-areas-2/2254425/ Link： https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2020/03/13/what-drive-up-coronavirus-testing-like-san-francisco/5046429002/ Officials atKaiser Permanentein Northern California said their members whomeet the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention criteria— and whohave doctor's order— will be given appointments at the drive-up center, and more sites are expected to open in the coming weeks. 加州testing lab Colorado Call your health care provider if you are concerned you need to be tested. People who are uninsured or do not have a doctor’s referral can go to the drive-up testing lab during open hours, where they will be directed to a nurse or epidemiologist on site to be assessed. Patients must be symptomatic to be tested and meet thestate’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Colorado’s state public health lab is conducting drive-up testing. There is also a private lab conducting tests, with two more expected to begin next week. Test results from the state lab should be available within 72 hours, depending on testing volume. For more coronavirus information, call the CO HELP line at 303-389-1687 or 1-877-462-2911 or visit theColorado Department of Public Health and Environment’s webpage. Connecticut Connecticut has acoronavirus websitethat refers people to the CDC’sguidance on whether you should be tested . Call your provider orlocal health departmentfor more information. NBC News reached out to the Connecticut State Department of Health with additional questions and is awaiting a response. Delaware Call your health care provider if you are concerned you need to be tested. If you do not have a primary care doctor, call the Delaware Division of Public Health’s call center at (866) 408-1899. The state is only recommending testing for people with symptoms. If a provider determines someone should be tested, they collect the samples and send them to the state’s public or private lab. Approval from the Division of Public Health is required for testing at the state public health lab, but not for commercial lab testing. Results from the Division of Public Health’s laboratory are typically available within 24 hours. Commercial lab results times may vary. For more coronavirus information, visit theDelaware Division of Public Health’s website; call the Delaware information line by dialing 1-866-408-1899; or email [email protected] . TTY users should dial 1-800-232-5460. District of Columbia The District of Columbia has a coronavirus website that provides information on symptoms, and procedures for calling your health care provider or DC Health. NBC News reached out to DC Health with additional questions and is awaiting a response. Florida Call your health care provider orcounty health departmentif you are symptomatic to determine the need for testing. To be prioritized for testing, patients must meet thestate’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Their samples will be sent to the closest laboratory. If you don’t meet priority criteria, you can discuss with your provider about possibly getting tested at a commercial laboratory (e.g. LabCorp or Quest). State lab results are generally available within 24-48 hours. Commercial labs can take three to four days. Turnaround time can for all be affected by demand. For more coronavirus information, call the Florida information line at 866-779-6121 or visitFlorida Department of Health’s website. Georgia Call your doctor or local health department if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Your health care provider will consult with the Georgia Department of Public Health to determine if you need to be tested. To be prioritized for testing at the Georgia Public Health Laboratory, patients must meet thestate’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Patients who don’t meet priority requirements can consider testing at commercial labs. For more information, visit theGeorgia Department of Public Health’s website. Hawaii Residents are advised to call a health provider if they have symptoms and have been to areas where the virus is prevalent or have been in contact with someone who is sick. The provider will determine if they should be tested based on thestate’s criteria . The state’s public health lab is conducting tests with authorization from the Department of Health. Tests are also being conducted by the Tripler Army Medical Center lab, which does not require department authorization. Test results are typically available within a day. For more information, visit the Hawaii Department of Health’scoronavirus website. Idaho Call your health care provider if you believe you need to be tested. Any provider can request a test from the state, as long as they meet CDC infection control requirements for collection. However, not all providers in the state are set up to meet those requirements, according to the Department of Health. Test results are usually available 24 hours after they are sent to the state lab. There are four private labs conducting tests in the state that may have different response times. For more information, call 2-1-1 or yourlocal public health district, or visit Idaho’scoronavirus website. Illinois Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Providers determine whether a test is necessary based on the Illinois Department of Public Health’s criteria , which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. After a provider sends samples to the public health lab, results should be available approximately 24 hours later. Commercial labs are starting to run tests, but those results must be sent to the Illinois Department of Public Health’s laboratory for confirmation. General questions about COVID-19 and Illinois’ response can be answered over the phone at 1-800-889-3931 or via email at [email protected] . The Illinois Department of Public Health has awebsite with coronavirus information . Indiana Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. The provider must have authorization from the Indiana State Department of Health in order for the test to be evaluated by the department. High risk individuals, including those who have been hospitalized with severe respiratory illness who have tested negative for other respiratory illnesses, will be prioritized. The results are typically available within 24 hours. Individuals who are not high risk are encouraged to consult their provider about possible private testing. For information about coronavirus in Indiana, check theIndiana State Department of Health’s website.You can also direct general questions about COVID-19 to the department’s Epidemiology Resource Center at 317-233-7125 [317-233-1325 after hours] or e-mail [email protected] . Iowa Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Any provider can order a test if a patient meets the state’s criteria, which include: a person who has traveled to a country with a level 3 CDC travel health warning or has taken an international cruise in the two weeks prior to becoming ill with fever and respiratory symptoms (who do not have an alternative diagnosis) a person with household contact with a lab-confirmed COVID-19 case in the two weeks prior to becoming ill with fever or respiratory symptoms hospitalized adults older than 60 with fever and respiratory symptoms and chronic medical conditions hospitalized people with fever and respiratory failure, with no alternate diagnosis Test results from the State Hygienic Lab should be available in approximately 24 hours. Private lab results times may vary. For more coronavirus information, call Iowa’s 211 system or visit theIowa Department of Public Health’s website. Kansas For information about coronavirus in Kansas, check theKansas Division of Public Health’s coronavirus website. NBC News has reached out to the division with questions about testing and is awaiting a response. Kentucky For information about coronavirus in Kentucky, check theKentucky Department of Public Health’s coronavirus website. NBC News has reached out to the department with additional questions about testing and is awaiting a response. Louisiana For information about coronavirus in Louisiana, check theLouisiana Department of Health’s coronavirus website. NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response. Maine For information about coronavirus in Maine, check theMaine Division of Disease Surveillance’s coronavirus website. NBC News has reached out to the division with questions about testing and is awaiting a response. Maryland For information about coronavirus in Maryland, check theDepartment of Health’s coronavirus website. NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response. Massachusetts Call your doctor if you are symptomatic, who will consult with the state department of health about if you should be tested. If so, the doctor will arrange for you to come in so they can take swabs and submit them to the state public health lab. The state is only testing people who meet the CDC’s definition of“person under investigation,”and the state health department must approve before testing can be done. Test results are usually available within 24 hours, depending on the volume of tests that day. On Monday, state testing capacity quadrupled after the FDA approved the use of automated testing for the state public health lab. Michigan Michigan has a coronavirus website with advice for residents which recommends that people who are concerned about their health, are experiencing respiratory illness or have other serious and concerning symptoms call their health care provider. Health care providers can request testing based on patient symptoms, according to the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services' online FAQ . NBC News is in contact with the department about testing and is awaiting additional information. Minnesota For information about coronavirus in Minnesota, check theMinnesota Department of Health’s coronavirus website. NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response. Mississippi Call your health care provider if you have symptoms to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Providers do not need approval from the Mississippi State Department of Health to send samples to the public health laboratory, but priority is given to high-risk patients and those with the most severe symptoms. The department does not recommend testing anyone without symptoms. For information about coronavirus in Mississippi, check theMississippi Department of Health’s coronavirus website.You can also call the hotline Monday-Friday from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. at (877) 978-6453. NBC News is in contact with the Mississippi Department of Health about testing and is awaiting additional information. Missouri Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. To be tested by the state public health laboratory, patients must meet thestate’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Patients who don’t meet these requirements can consider testing at a commercial laboratory. The approximate cost of the commercial test is $199. State lab results are generally available within 24 hours. Commercial labs take approximately three days. For more details, the public can call the Missouri 24-hour coronavirus hotline by dialing 877-435-8411 or visit theMissouri Department of Health and Senior Services’ website. Montana Call your health care provider to discuss whether you are a candidate for testing before appearing in person. If you do not have a primary care provider, you can call a community health center or urgent care clinic about getting tested. Providers are testing according toCDC guidance, with a focus on people exhibiting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19. Providers do not need department approval to administer a test, but the department consults on cases as necessary. Test results from the state public health lab are typically returned daily. For more coronavirus information, visit the Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services website or contact yourcounty or tribal health department . Nebraska For information about coronavirus in Nebraska, check theNebraska Department of Health and Human Services’ website. NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response. Nevada For information about coronavirus in Nevada, check theNevada Department of Health and Human Services’ coronavirus website. NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response. New Hampshire Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. To decide whether you need testing, providers refer to theCDC criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Providers collect specimens before sending them to labs for analysis. Testing is conducted by the New Hampshire Public Health Laboratories. Results are generally available within 24 hours. You can find more coronavirus information on theNew Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services’ website. New Jersey Call your doctor orlocal health departmentto discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Patients who don’t have a primary care doctor can call a federally qualified health center or emergency department. To decide whether you need testing, providers refer to theCDC criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Specimens are tested by New Jersey’s Public Health and Environmental Laboratory and results are generally available within 24 to 48 hours. Patients who don’t meet priority criteria can discuss testing at commercial labs with their provider. For more coronavirus information, visit theNew Jersey Department of Health’s website. New Mexico For information about coronavirus in New Mexico, check theNew Mexico Department of Health’s coronavirus website. NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Dr. Ai Fen, director of Wuhan Central Hospital's emergency department, was the first doctor to alert other colleagues about a SARS-like disease in Wuhan. several of her colleagues died from the coronavirus when treating patients in ER. She has asthma, and uses spray. She thinks the spray helped her to prevent inhaling the virus or has substance that helped her not to get contracted. 武汉疫情发哨子的人——艾芬- Gnews 接到武汉市中心医院急诊科主任艾芬同意采访的短信是3月1日凌晨5点，大约半 ... “我自己分析了一下，可能是因为我本身有哮喘，在用一些吸入性的激素，可能会抑制这些病毒在肺内沉积” https://gnews.org/zh-hans/139162/ Ephedrine is used for temporary relief of shortness of breath, chest tightness, and wheezing due to bronchial asthma. ... Ephedrine is a decongestant and bronchodilator. It works by reducing swelling and constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages and widening the lung airways, allowing you to breathe more easily https://www.drugs.com/ephedrine.html
Dr. Ai Fen, director of Wuhan Central Hospital's emergency department, was the first doctor to alert other colleagues about a SARS-like disease in Wuhan. several of her colleagues died from the coronavirus when treating patients in ER. She has asthma, and uses spray. She thinks the spray helped her to prevent inhaling the virus or has substance that helped her not to get contracted.
Ephedrine is used for temporary relief of shortness of breath, chest tightness, and wheezing due to bronchial asthma. ... Ephedrine is a decongestant and bronchodilator. It works by reducing swelling and constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages and widening the lung airways, allowing you to breathe more easily
Call a health care provider if you are concerned you need to be tested -- these include physician practices, emergency departments and urgent care centers. They will help you make arrangements for testing without exposing others. Patients must meet the state’s criteriato be tested, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Health care providers can order tests as they see appropriate. Results should be available in 24 to 72 hours. For more information, the public can call Alabama’s 211 system by dialing 2-1-1 or texting 888-421-1266—or visit the Alabama Department of Public Health’s coronavirus webpage. Alaska
Call your health care provider if you have symptoms and are concerned. If you do not have a regular provider, you can call an urgent care center. Patients must meet the state’s criteria to be tested, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. The Arizona State Public Health Lab and several private labs including SonoraQuest, Mayo, LabCorp and Arup are conducting testing in the state. Results are typically available 24 hours after they are received by the public health lab. For more details, you can call the Arizona information line by dialing 1-844-542-8201 or visit the Arizona Department of Health Services’ website. Arkansas
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. If so, your provider will consult the Arkansas Department of Health about if and how to conduct testing. If you do not have a regular provider, call the nearest health care facility that can provide an evaluation or call an emergency room if you are in need of emergency care. The state typically only tests people who are symptomatic. Test results are available approximately 24 hours after they arrive at the state lab. There is some private lab testing in the state, which may have a different turnaround time for results and do not require approval by the state department of health. For more coronavirus information, call 800-803-7847 or visit the Arkansas Department of Health’s website. California
Call your health care provider or local public health department to be evaluated for testing if you are symptomatic, may have had contact with a person with coronavirus, or recently traveled to countries that have community spread. As of March 13, California had 18 public health labs testing for coronavirus, with three more expected to be offering tests by next week. There are some private labs testing as well, though the state is not tracking their testing data. For a patient to be tested by a public health lab, their provider must contact the local public health department for approval and instructions. Most test results are available within 48 to 72 hours. For more coronavirus information, visit the California Department of Public Health’swebpage.
加洲testing在线筛选 https://www.projectbaseline.com/study/covid-19/ 第一个问题你要选no才能继续直到testing ,如果选yes,居然不给测！真是神操作啊！ Are you currently experiencing severe cough, shortness of breath, fever, or other concerning symptoms?
Call your health care provider if you are concerned you need to be tested. People who are uninsured or do not have a doctor’s referral can go to the drive-up testing lab during open hours, where they will be directed to a nurse or epidemiologist on site to be assessed. Patients must be symptomatic to be tested and meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Colorado’s state public health lab is conducting drive-up testing. There is also a private lab conducting tests, with two more expected to begin next week. Test results from the state lab should be available within 72 hours, depending on testing volume. For more coronavirus information, call the CO HELP line at 303-389-1687 or 1-877-462-2911 or visit the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment’s webpage. Connecticut
Call your health care provider if you are concerned you need to be tested. If you do not have a primary care doctor, call the Delaware Division of Public Health’s call center at (866) 408-1899. The state is only recommending testing for people with symptoms. If a provider determines someone should be tested, they collect the samples and send them to the state’s public or private lab. Approval from the Division of Public Health is required for testing at the state public health lab, but not for commercial lab testing. Results from the Division of Public Health’s laboratory are typically available within 24 hours. Commercial lab results times may vary. For more coronavirus information, visit the Delaware Division of Public Health’s website; call the Delaware information line by dialing 1-866-408-1899; or email [email protected]. TTY users should dial 1-800-232-5460. District of Columbia
The District of Columbia has a coronavirus website that provides information on symptoms, and procedures for calling your health care provider or DC Health. NBC News reached out to DC Health with additional questions and is awaiting a response. Florida
Call your health care provider or county health department if you are symptomatic to determine the need for testing. To be prioritized for testing, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Their samples will be sent to the closest laboratory. If you don’t meet priority criteria, you can discuss with your provider about possibly getting tested at a commercial laboratory (e.g. LabCorp or Quest). State lab results are generally available within 24-48 hours. Commercial labs can take three to four days. Turnaround time can for all be affected by demand. For more coronavirus information, call the Florida information line at 866-779-6121 or visit Florida Department of Health’s website. Georgia
Call your doctor or local health department if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Your health care provider will consult with the Georgia Department of Public Health to determine if you need to be tested. To be prioritized for testing at the Georgia Public Health Laboratory, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Patients who don’t meet priority requirements can consider testing at commercial labs. For more information, visit the Georgia Department of Public Health’s website. Hawaii
Residents are advised to call a health provider if they have symptoms and have been to areas where the virus is prevalent or have been in contact with someone who is sick. The provider will determine if they should be tested based on the state’s criteria. The state’s public health lab is conducting tests with authorization from the Department of Health. Tests are also being conducted by the Tripler Army Medical Center lab, which does not require department authorization. Test results are typically available within a day. For more information, visit the Hawaii Department of Health’s coronavirus website.
Call your health care provider if you believe you need to be tested. Any provider can request a test from the state, as long as they meet CDC infection control requirements for collection. However, not all providers in the state are set up to meet those requirements, according to the Department of Health. Test results are usually available 24 hours after they are sent to the state lab. There are four private labs conducting tests in the state that may have different response times. For more information, call 2-1-1 or your local public health district, or visit Idaho’s coronavirus website. Illinois
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Providers determine whether a test is necessary based on the Illinois Department of Public Health’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. After a provider sends samples to the public health lab, results should be available approximately 24 hours later. Commercial labs are starting to run tests, but those results must be sent to the Illinois Department of Public Health’s laboratory for confirmation. General questions about COVID-19 and Illinois’ response can be answered over the phone at 1-800-889-3931 or via email at [email protected]. The Illinois Department of Public Health has a website with coronavirus information. Indiana
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. The provider must have authorization from the Indiana State Department of Health in order for the test to be evaluated by the department. High risk individuals, including those who have been hospitalized with severe respiratory illness who have tested negative for other respiratory illnesses, will be prioritized. The results are typically available within 24 hours. Individuals who are not high risk are encouraged to consult their provider about possible private testing. For information about coronavirus in Indiana, check the Indiana State Department of Health’s website. You can also direct general questions about COVID-19 to the department’s Epidemiology Resource Center at 317-233-7125 [317-233-1325 after hours] or e-mail [email protected]. Iowa
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Any provider can order a test if a patient meets the state’s criteria, which include:
a person who has traveled to a country with a level 3 CDC travel health warning or has taken an international cruise in the two weeks prior to becoming ill with fever and respiratory symptoms (who do not have an alternative diagnosis) a person with household contact with a lab-confirmed COVID-19 case in the two weeks prior to becoming ill with fever or respiratory symptoms hospitalized adults older than 60 with fever and respiratory symptoms and chronic medical conditions hospitalized people with fever and respiratory failure, with no alternate diagnosis
Test results from the State Hygienic Lab should be available in approximately 24 hours. Private lab results times may vary. For more coronavirus information, call Iowa’s 211 system or visit the Iowa Department of Public Health’s website. Kansas
For information about coronavirus in Maryland, check the Department of Health’s coronavirus website. NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Call your doctor if you are symptomatic, who will consult with the state department of health about if you should be tested. If so, the doctor will arrange for you to come in so they can take swabs and submit them to the state public health lab. The state is only testing people who meet the CDC’s definition of “person under investigation,”and the state health department must approve before testing can be done. Test results are usually available within 24 hours, depending on the volume of tests that day. On Monday, state testing capacity quadrupled after the FDA approved the use of automated testing for the state public health lab. Michigan
Michigan has a coronavirus website with advice for residents which recommends that people who are concerned about their health, are experiencing respiratory illness or have other serious and concerning symptoms call their health care provider. Health care providers can request testing based on patient symptoms, according to the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services' online FAQ. NBC News is in contact with the department about testing and is awaiting additional information. Minnesota
Call your health care provider if you have symptoms to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Providers do not need approval from the Mississippi State Department of Health to send samples to the public health laboratory, but priority is given to high-risk patients and those with the most severe symptoms. The department does not recommend testing anyone without symptoms. For information about coronavirus in Mississippi, check the Mississippi Department of Health’s coronavirus website.You can also call the hotline Monday-Friday from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. at (877) 978-6453. NBC News is in contact with the Mississippi Department of Health about testing and is awaiting additional information. Missouri
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. To be tested by the state public health laboratory, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Patients who don’t meet these requirements can consider testing at a commercial laboratory. The approximate cost of the commercial test is $199. State lab results are generally available within 24 hours. Commercial labs take approximately three days. For more details, the public can call the Missouri 24-hour coronavirus hotline by dialing 877-435-8411 or visit the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services’ website. Montana
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you are a candidate for testing before appearing in person. If you do not have a primary care provider, you can call a community health center or urgent care clinic about getting tested. Providers are testing according to CDC guidance, with a focus on people exhibiting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19. Providers do not need department approval to administer a test, but the department consults on cases as necessary. Test results from the state public health lab are typically returned daily. For more coronavirus information, visit the Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services website or contact your county or tribal health department. Nebraska
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. To decide whether you need testing, providers refer to the CDC criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Providers collect specimens before sending them to labs for analysis. Testing is conducted by the New Hampshire Public Health Laboratories. Results are generally available within 24 hours. You can find more coronavirus information on the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services’ website. New Jersey
Call your doctor or local health department to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Patients who don’t have a primary care doctor can call a federally qualified health center or emergency department. To decide whether you need testing, providers refer to the CDC criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Specimens are tested by New Jersey’s Public Health and Environmental Laboratory and results are generally available within 24 to 48 hours. Patients who don’t meet priority criteria can discuss testing at commercial labs with their provider. For more coronavirus information, visit the New Jersey Department of Health’s website. New Mexico
Individuals with symptoms who may have traveled toareas of concern or have been in contact with somebody who has traveled to these areas should call ahead to their health care provider before seeking treatment in person. Health care providers determine whether a test should be done. Patients must meet the state’s criteriato be tested, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. New York state had 28 public and private labs conducting testing, as of March 13. The state’s public health lab can complete a test in three to five hours. For more information, call 1-888-364-3065 or visit the New York Department of Health’s website.
来自 Caffeine MM的补充： 在纽约可以去go health urgent care.他们是northwell health system的，是纽约州那个上周唯一的可测corona的实验室。但是纽约现在的标准是要有flu like symptoms才给测。建议没有症状或者轻症的把预约机会留给重症的人
Call your doctor or local health department to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Patients must meet the state’s criteria to be tested, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Testing is conducted by the North Carolina Laboratory of Public Health and commercial labs. You can find more coronavirus information on the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services’ website. North Dakota
For information about coronavirus in Ohio, check the Ohio Department of Health’s website. NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response. Oklahoma
Call your local health provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. If you need assistance call the Oklahoma Call Center at 877-215-8336. Testing is conducted by the Oklahoma State Department of Health For more coronaviros information, visit the Oklahoma State Department of Health’s website. NBC News has reached out to the department with additional questions about testing and is awaiting a response. Oregon
For information about coronavirus in Oregon, check the Oregon Health Authority’s website. NBC News has reached out to the health authority with questions about testing and is awaiting a response. Pennsylvania
Call the state hotline at 1-877-PA-HEALTH (1-877-724-3258) if you think you may need to be tested. A public health professional will speak with you and determine if and where you should go for testing, such as the hospital or doctor’s office, and can then coordinate arrival at the healthcare facility to ensure you, the healthcare workers, and other visitors to the facility are all properly protected to prevent further exposures. The state typically only tests people who are symptomatic. If you are not symptomatic, decisions are made on a case by case basis. Pennsylvania has both public and private labs that can conduct tests. The state public lab requires approval by the health department for testing. Results from the state lab can be available in less than a day -- testing takes on average four to six hours. For more coronavirus information, call 1-877-724-3258 or visit the Pennsylvania Department of Health’s website. Rhode Island
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Testing is decided on a case by case basis, considering symptoms, travel history and contact history. In general, asymptomatic people are not being tested. Specimens are collected by the provider, then sent to the Rhode Island Department of Health’s State Health Laboratories for analysis. Results are generally available within 24 to 48 hours. You can find more coronavirus information on Rhode Island Department of Health’s website. South Carolina
Call your doctor or health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. They will consult with the state health department to determine if testing is necessary based on the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Clinicians collect specimens before sending them to labs for analysis. Testing is conducted by the South Carolina Public Health Laboratory and two private labs, LabQuest and LabCorp. Results from the state lab are generally available within 24 hours. For more information, call the South Carolina coronavirus information line at 1-855-472-3432 or visit the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control’s website. South Dakota
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. To be tested at the public health laboratory, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. The state has three priority levels for patients. Specimens are collected by the provider. They are then sent to the public health laboratory. Results could take up to 48 hours. For more information, call the South Dakota coronavirus information line at 1-800-977-2880 or visit the South Dakota Department of Health’s website. Tennessee
The Tennessee Department of Health has a coronavirus website with updated information on the number of cases in the state, and guidance on travel and community events. Call the department’s COVID-19 public information hotline at (877) 857-2945 for more information about the virus. It is available daily from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. CST. NBC News reached out to the Tennessee Department of Health with additional questions and is awaiting a response. Texas
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. To be tested by the public health laboratory, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Public health testing also requires the local health department’s approval. Patients who don’t meet priority requirements can consider testing at commercial labs. Turnaround time for results depends on where the test is done and when it was sent. For more information, visit the Texas Health and Human Services Department website. Utah
If you believe you may have COVID-19, call the Utah coronavirus information line at 1 (800) 456 - 7707. More information is also available on the state’s coronavirus website. NBC News reached out to the Utah Department of Health with additional questions about testing and is awaiting a response. Vermont
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Providers determine whether a test is necessary based on the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. The state will ensure that anyone who meets the medical requirements for testing can do so at no cost. Your health care provider will arrange for testing. Specimens are collected at hospitals and clinical labs. They are then sent to the Vermont Department of Health Lab for analysis. Results are generally available within 24 to 48 hours and are reported to the hospital or clinical lab where the test was collected. For more coronavirus information, visit the Vermont Department of Health’s website. Virginia
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Do not go to your local health department for testing. Your provider will work with your state or local public health department and the CDC to determine if you need to be tested. To be tested at the public health laboratory, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Alternatively, patients can consider testing at commercial labs, which don’t have set requirements and don’t need an approval from the state department. Results from the state’s public health lab are generally available within 24 hours. For more coronavirus information, visit the Virginia Department of Health’s website. Washington
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Currently, there are no restrictions on who can be tested, however, it’s up to the provider to decide. Sample collection is done at the provider’s office. Samples are then sent to facilities such as the Washington State Public Health Lab or the University of Washington Virology Lab for analysis. Results are generally available within 24 to 48 hours. Turnaround time can be affected by demand. For more information, read the Washington State Department of Health's medium article on testing or visit the department's coronavirus website. West Virginia
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. To decide whether you need testing, providers refer to the CDC criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Specimen collection is done at the provider’s office. Samples are then sent to the state’s public health lab. Commercial testing is expected to begin soon. For more information, visit the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources’ website. Wisconsin
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. To decide whether you need testing, clinicians refer to the CDC criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Clinicians canorder tests without health department approval. Tests are conducted by the Wisconsin State Lab of Hygiene and Milwaukee Health Department Lab. More private labs are also coming online. Test results are generally available within 24 to 48 hours. For more information, visit the Wisconsin Department of Health Services’ website. Wyoming
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. To be tested by the Wyoming Public Health Laboratory, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Clinicians can order tests without health department approval. Patients who do not meet priority requirements can consider testing at commercial labs. Providers collect specimens and send them to the public health lab or commercial labs for analysis. Results from the public lab are generally available within 24 hours. Turnaround times for commercial labs are currently unknown. For more information, visit the Wyoming Department of Health’s website.
基础体温 缩写 BBT， 跟医生沟通时，告诉医生你的基础体温，也会对医生迅速做出正确诊断有帮助 Basal body temperature (BBT or BTP) is the lowest body temperature attained during rest (usually during sleep). It is usually estimated by a temperature measurement immediately after awakening and before any physical activity has been undertaken. This will lead to a somewhat higher value than the true BBT.
根据CDC, 最好的预防就是不要接触新冠病毒，怎样算不接触呢？ 首先看病毒传播途径，Link： https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prepare/prevention.html 1）人与人近距离接触：6 feet 也就是大约2米之内都算近距离接触，即使你们没有直接肢体接触也会传染。 2) 带病毒者咳嗽或打喷嚏时留在空气中的飞沫或微滴（droplet） 接触到你的口，鼻，眼睛，等人体 “开口” ， 我的理解就是中国古代说过的 “七窍” 之类。但其实只有口鼻，眼睛暴露在外，所以容易成为病毒的入口。 3) 接触被病毒污染的物体或表面. 所以最好的预防就是 1） 与人之间隔开至少6feet，也有文章建议6.5feet，反正就是大约2米的距离 2） 不去空气中可能有带病毒飞沫的地方，商场，球赛，演唱会，会议室，办公室，学校餐馆，等等，总而言之可能让你不得不和人距离低于2米，也就是人群聚集的地方。这就是为什么要取消集会的原因。 3） 尽量不要摸任何物体或表面，这很难做到，所以就只有用soap勤洗手。另外一个原因就是新冠病毒的本身RNA的结构容易被soap破坏掉，从而使病毒失去活性，被水流冲走。 4） 不用手触碰脸以避免手上沾染的病毒从口，鼻，眼睛侵入人体。 5） 正确佩戴和摘除口罩，如果方法动作不对，危害比不戴更大。 新冠病毒在体外存活时间 Link: https://www.technologyreview.com/s/615348/heres-how-long-the-coronavirus-can-stay-in-the-air-and-on-packages/ 根据蒙大拿州汉密尔顿的国家健康病毒学协会实验室的研究，新冠病毒在塑料和不锈钢表面存活时间最长， 可达三天之久，在硬纸壳比如Amazon的包装箱上可达一天之久，病毒最不喜欢铜，只能呆4个小时。所以同学们， 收到包裹的时候，记得先消毒！ 千万不要兴奋地直接开箱立马来个开箱照，那病毒也会和你分享快乐的! 新冠病毒最喜欢塑料和不锈钢表面的事实其实提醒了我们，医院里的那些冰冷的医疗设备正是病毒很好的载体，所以医院比起其它地方更容易让病毒传播。 这些研究者还发现即使三天后在不锈钢和塑料仍然能够测到存活的病毒，所以有些病毒可能存活多于三天。 来自德国Universityof Greifswald 医学员的GunterKampft 教授及其同事研究发现, Link: https://www.chemistryviews.org/details/news/11220539/How_Long_Can_Coronaviruses_Live_on_Surfaces.html “The team found that human coronaviruses can persist onsurfaces for up to nine days, depending on the material of the surface and thetemperature. The collected data also showed that this type of virus can beefficiently inactivated by disinfection with sufficiently concentrated ethanol,hydrogen peroxide, or sodium hypochlorite solutions.” 新冠病毒可在物体表面存活长达9天，取决于物体表面的材料及温度。在低温，零下4摄氏度时，甚至可以存活长达一个月，高于摄氏30度就能降低病毒的存活率。 结合前面国家健康病毒学协会实验室的研究结果，我们可以推断，医院里医疗器械，走廊，电梯，等有不锈钢和塑料的表面，如果消毒不彻底，病毒将可能存活一个月。 所以大家尽量减少去医院的次数，不得不去，回家要彻底消毒.外出归家后，也要彻底消毒，尤其鞋底，手套等容易携带病毒的地方。 如何消毒 现在已知并且容易买到的消毒用品主要有 1）70% 的酒精 a. 中国国内75% 和美国70% 酒精都可以有效对新冠病毒消毒。 之所以标注浓度不一样，是因为中国和美国标注酒精方式不同， 中国标注的是体积比 - 100毫升含75毫升酒精 ; 美国是质量比- 100g液体含70g酒精 一样的酒精，功效相同。 b. 70% 酒精比91%（国内95%）的酒精更能有效杀灭新冠病毒，不要用91%的酒精，不能高效杀毒。在美国如果买不到70%酒精，可以用91%自己配置： 每1000毫升91%酒精 + 210毫升洁净水，即可得到70%（国内75%）的酒精。 c. 酒精有多个“花名“ ，Isopropylalcohol ，Ethyl alcohol, Ethanol, Alcohol、EthanolAlcohol, 它们之间有少许区别，但是在美国，只要标注70%，都可以有效杀新冠病毒。 2）bleach-84消毒液,以次氯酸钠为主要成分的含氯消毒剂,可根据说明自行配置，一般杀菌通常浓度0.05%即可， 杀新冠病毒需要浓度为0.1%。 3) 双氧水hydrogenperoxide, 浓度达到3% 的都可有效新冠病毒。 我查了一下，现在各大grocerystore, pharmacies, 比如CVS，Walgreen,还有target, Walmart 等的自家品牌都是3%的浓度，大家买的时候再确认一下即可。 4）各种杀菌纸巾，喷雾，hand sanitizer比如 Clorox disinfection wipes, Lysol spray,Purell hand sanitizer， etc. 提醒一下，不是所有Clorox和Lysol的产品都能有效杀新冠病毒，EPA检测过可杀新冠病毒的产品清单 List N: Disinfectants for Use Against SARS-CoV-2, Link：https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-registration/list-n-disinfectants-use-against-sars-cov-2 5）物理消毒： 56摄氏度、30分钟 或者 100 摄氏度 10分钟， 炒菜的温度+足够长的时间足以杀死新冠病毒
因为开始症状不明显，低烧，这个要个人根据自己平时体温自行判断
谢谢 ashlexMM ！ 已经加到首页 Mayland state 下面了。
不是，用口腔温度为标准的话， 耳温通常比口腔温度高0.5℉ （0.3℃）； 额温通常比口腔温度低0.5℉ （0.3℃），和医生说的时候要说明测温方式。
感谢 abby_surf MM，加在首页 治疗方案那一层了。
A to H
Alabama
Call a health care provider if you are concerned you need to be tested -- these include physician practices, emergency departments and urgent care centers. They will help you make arrangements for testing without exposing others.
Patients must meet the state’s criteriato be tested, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
Health care providers can order tests as they see appropriate.
Results should be available in 24 to 72 hours.
For more information, the public can call Alabama’s 211 system by dialing 2-1-1 or texting 888-421-1266—or visit the Alabama Department of Public Health’s coronavirus webpage.
Alaska
For information about coronavirus in Alaska, check the Alaska Department of Health and Social Services’ coronavirus website.
NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Arizona
Call your health care provider if you have symptoms and are concerned. If you do not have a regular provider, you can call an urgent care center.
Patients must meet the state’s criteria to be tested, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
The Arizona State Public Health Lab and several private labs including SonoraQuest, Mayo, LabCorp and Arup are conducting testing in the state.
Results are typically available 24 hours after they are received by the public health lab.
For more details, you can call the Arizona information line by dialing 1-844-542-8201 or visit the Arizona Department of Health Services’ website.
Arkansas
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. If so, your provider will consult the Arkansas Department of Health about if and how to conduct testing. If you do not have a regular provider, call the nearest health care facility that can provide an evaluation or call an emergency room if you are in need of emergency care.
The state typically only tests people who are symptomatic. Test results are available approximately 24 hours after they arrive at the state lab.
There is some private lab testing in the state, which may have a different turnaround time for results and do not require approval by the state department of health.
For more coronavirus information, call 800-803-7847 or visit the Arkansas Department of Health’s website.
California
Call your health care provider or local public health department to be evaluated for testing if you are symptomatic, may have had contact with a person with coronavirus, or recently traveled to countries that have community spread.
As of March 13, California had 18 public health labs testing for coronavirus, with three more expected to be offering tests by next week. There are some private labs testing as well, though the state is not tracking their testing data.
For a patient to be tested by a public health lab, their provider must contact the local public health department for approval and instructions.
Most test results are available within 48 to 72 hours.
For more coronavirus information, visit the California Department of Public Health’swebpage.
来自GEMMM的信息：看到这个新闻，如果你是Bay Area的Kaiser会员，Kaiser现在也有Drive Thru Testing，先要医生批准，然后开车过去，直接坐车里测。https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/kaiser-opens-drive-thru-coronavirus-testing-areas-2/2254425/
Link： https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2020/03/13/what-drive-up-coronavirus-testing-like-san-francisco/5046429002/
Officials at Kaiser Permanente in Northern California said their members who meet the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention criteria — and who have doctor's order — will be given appointments at the drive-up center, and more sites are expected to open in the coming weeks.
加洲testing在线筛选
https://www.projectbaseline.com/study/covid-19/
第一个问题你要选no才能继续直到testing ,如果选yes,居然不给测！真是神操作啊！
Are you currently experiencing severe cough, shortness of breath, fever, or other concerning symptoms?
加州testing lab
Colorado
Call your health care provider if you are concerned you need to be tested. People who are uninsured or do not have a doctor’s referral can go to the drive-up testing lab during open hours, where they will be directed to a nurse or epidemiologist on site to be assessed.
Patients must be symptomatic to be tested and meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
Colorado’s state public health lab is conducting drive-up testing. There is also a private lab conducting tests, with two more expected to begin next week.
Test results from the state lab should be available within 72 hours, depending on testing volume.
For more coronavirus information, call the CO HELP line at 303-389-1687 or 1-877-462-2911 or visit the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment’s webpage.
Connecticut
Connecticut has a coronavirus website that refers people to the CDC’s guidance on whether you should be tested.
Call your provider or local health department for more information.
NBC News reached out to the Connecticut State Department of Health with additional questions and is awaiting a response.
Delaware
Call your health care provider if you are concerned you need to be tested. If you do not have a primary care doctor, call the Delaware Division of Public Health’s call center at (866) 408-1899.
The state is only recommending testing for people with symptoms.
If a provider determines someone should be tested, they collect the samples and send them to the state’s public or private lab. Approval from the Division of Public Health is required for testing at the state public health lab, but not for commercial lab testing.
Results from the Division of Public Health’s laboratory are typically available within 24 hours. Commercial lab results times may vary.
For more coronavirus information, visit the Delaware Division of Public Health’s website; call the Delaware information line by dialing 1-866-408-1899; or email [email protected]. TTY users should dial 1-800-232-5460.
District of Columbia
The District of Columbia has a coronavirus website that provides information on symptoms, and procedures for calling your health care provider or DC Health.
NBC News reached out to DC Health with additional questions and is awaiting a response.
Florida
Call your health care provider or county health department if you are symptomatic to determine the need for testing.
To be prioritized for testing, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Their samples will be sent to the closest laboratory.
If you don’t meet priority criteria, you can discuss with your provider about possibly getting tested at a commercial laboratory (e.g. LabCorp or Quest).
State lab results are generally available within 24-48 hours. Commercial labs can take three to four days. Turnaround time can for all be affected by demand.
For more coronavirus information, call the Florida information line at 866-779-6121 or visit Florida Department of Health’s website.
Georgia
Call your doctor or local health department if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
Your health care provider will consult with the Georgia Department of Public Health to determine if you need to be tested.
To be prioritized for testing at the Georgia Public Health Laboratory, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
Patients who don’t meet priority requirements can consider testing at commercial labs.
For more information, visit the Georgia Department of Public Health’s website.
Hawaii
Residents are advised to call a health provider if they have symptoms and have been to areas where the virus is prevalent or have been in contact with someone who is sick.
The provider will determine if they should be tested based on the state’s criteria.
The state’s public health lab is conducting tests with authorization from the Department of Health. Tests are also being conducted by the Tripler Army Medical Center lab, which does not require department authorization.
Test results are typically available within a day.
For more information, visit the Hawaii Department of Health’s coronavirus website.
I to N
Idaho
Call your health care provider if you believe you need to be tested.
Any provider can request a test from the state, as long as they meet CDC infection control requirements for collection. However, not all providers in the state are set up to meet those requirements, according to the Department of Health.
Test results are usually available 24 hours after they are sent to the state lab.
There are four private labs conducting tests in the state that may have different response times.
For more information, call 2-1-1 or your local public health district, or visit Idaho’s coronavirus website.
Illinois
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
Providers determine whether a test is necessary based on the Illinois Department of Public Health’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
After a provider sends samples to the public health lab, results should be available approximately 24 hours later.
Commercial labs are starting to run tests, but those results must be sent to the Illinois Department of Public Health’s laboratory for confirmation.
General questions about COVID-19 and Illinois’ response can be answered over the phone at 1-800-889-3931 or via email at [email protected].
The Illinois Department of Public Health has a website with coronavirus information.
Indiana
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
The provider must have authorization from the Indiana State Department of Health in order for the test to be evaluated by the department. High risk individuals, including those who have been hospitalized with severe respiratory illness who have tested negative for other respiratory illnesses, will be prioritized. The results are typically available within 24 hours.
Individuals who are not high risk are encouraged to consult their provider about possible private testing.
For information about coronavirus in Indiana, check the Indiana State Department of Health’s website. You can also direct general questions about COVID-19 to the department’s Epidemiology Resource Center at 317-233-7125 [317-233-1325 after hours] or e-mail [email protected].
Iowa
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
Any provider can order a test if a patient meets the state’s criteria, which include:
a person who has traveled to a country with a level 3 CDC travel health warning or has taken an international cruise in the two weeks prior to becoming ill with fever and respiratory symptoms (who do not have an alternative diagnosis)
a person with household contact with a lab-confirmed COVID-19 case in the two weeks prior to becoming ill with fever or respiratory symptoms
hospitalized adults older than 60 with fever and respiratory symptoms and chronic medical conditions
hospitalized people with fever and respiratory failure, with no alternate diagnosis
Test results from the State Hygienic Lab should be available in approximately 24 hours. Private lab results times may vary.
For more coronavirus information, call Iowa’s 211 system or visit the Iowa Department of Public Health’s website.
Kansas
For information about coronavirus in Kansas, check the Kansas Division of Public Health’s coronavirus website.
NBC News has reached out to the division with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Kentucky
For information about coronavirus in Kentucky, check the Kentucky Department of Public Health’s coronavirus website.
NBC News has reached out to the department with additional questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Louisiana
For information about coronavirus in Louisiana, check the Louisiana Department of Health’s coronavirus website.
NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Maine
For information about coronavirus in Maine, check the Maine Division of Disease Surveillance’s coronavirus website.
NBC News has reached out to the division with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Maryland
For information about coronavirus in Maryland, check the Department of Health’s coronavirus website.
NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
ashlex MM： Johns Hopkins 有自己的testing kit. ER前面有帐篷可以去测flu symptoms. Link： https://hub.jhu.edu/2020/03/14/johns-hopkins-hospital-covid-19-screening-test/
Massachusetts
Call your doctor if you are symptomatic, who will consult with the state department of health about if you should be tested.
If so, the doctor will arrange for you to come in so they can take swabs and submit them to the state public health lab.
The state is only testing people who meet the CDC’s definition of “person under investigation,”and the state health department must approve before testing can be done.
Test results are usually available within 24 hours, depending on the volume of tests that day.
On Monday, state testing capacity quadrupled after the FDA approved the use of automated testing for the state public health lab.
Michigan
Michigan has a coronavirus website with advice for residents which recommends that people who are concerned about their health, are experiencing respiratory illness or have other serious and concerning symptoms call their health care provider.
Health care providers can request testing based on patient symptoms, according to the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services' online FAQ.
NBC News is in contact with the department about testing and is awaiting additional information.
Minnesota
For information about coronavirus in Minnesota, check the Minnesota Department of Health’s coronavirus website.
NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Mayo clinic 有自己的kit Link： https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/mayo-clinic-develops-test-to-detect-covid-19-infection/
Mississippi
Call your health care provider if you have symptoms to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
Providers do not need approval from the Mississippi State Department of Health to send samples to the public health laboratory, but priority is given to high-risk patients and those with the most severe symptoms.
The department does not recommend testing anyone without symptoms.
For information about coronavirus in Mississippi, check the Mississippi Department of Health’s coronavirus website.You can also call the hotline Monday-Friday from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. at (877) 978-6453.
NBC News is in contact with the Mississippi Department of Health about testing and is awaiting additional information.
Missouri
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
To be tested by the state public health laboratory, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
Patients who don’t meet these requirements can consider testing at a commercial laboratory. The approximate cost of the commercial test is $199.
State lab results are generally available within 24 hours. Commercial labs take approximately three days.
For more details, the public can call the Missouri 24-hour coronavirus hotline by dialing 877-435-8411 or visit the Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services’ website.
Montana
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you are a candidate for testing before appearing in person. If you do not have a primary care provider, you can call a community health center or urgent care clinic about getting tested.
Providers are testing according to CDC guidance, with a focus on people exhibiting symptoms that could indicate COVID-19. Providers do not need department approval to administer a test, but the department consults on cases as necessary.
Test results from the state public health lab are typically returned daily.
For more coronavirus information, visit the Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services website or contact your county or tribal health department.
Nebraska
For information about coronavirus in Nebraska, check the Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services’ website.
NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Nevada
For information about coronavirus in Nevada, check the Nevada Department of Health and Human Services’ coronavirus website.
NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
New Hampshire
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
To decide whether you need testing, providers refer to the CDC criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
Providers collect specimens before sending them to labs for analysis.
Testing is conducted by the New Hampshire Public Health Laboratories.
Results are generally available within 24 hours.
You can find more coronavirus information on the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services’ website.
New Jersey
Call your doctor or local health department to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Patients who don’t have a primary care doctor can call a federally qualified health center or emergency department.
To decide whether you need testing, providers refer to the CDC criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
Specimens are tested by New Jersey’s Public Health and Environmental Laboratory and results are generally available within 24 to 48 hours.
Patients who don’t meet priority criteria can discuss testing at commercial labs with their provider.
For more coronavirus information, visit the New Jersey Department of Health’s website.
New Mexico
For information about coronavirus in New Mexico, check the New Mexico Department of Health’s coronavirus website.
NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
New York
Individuals with symptoms who may have traveled toareas of concern or have been in contact with somebody who has traveled to these areas should call ahead to their health care provider before seeking treatment in person.
Health care providers determine whether a test should be done. Patients must meet the state’s criteriato be tested, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
New York state had 28 public and private labs conducting testing, as of March 13.
The state’s public health lab can complete a test in three to five hours.
For more information, call 1-888-364-3065 or visit the New York Department of Health’s website.
来自 Caffeine MM的补充： 在纽约可以去go health urgent care.他们是northwell health system的，是纽约州那个上周唯一的可测corona的实验室。但是纽约现在的标准是要有flu like symptoms才给测。建议没有症状或者轻症的把预约机会留给重症的人
North Carolina
Call your doctor or local health department to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
Patients must meet the state’s criteria to be tested, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
Testing is conducted by the North Carolina Laboratory of Public Health and commercial labs.
You can find more coronavirus information on the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services’ website.
North Dakota
For information about coronavirus in North Dakota, check the North Dakota Department of Health’s coronavirus website.
NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
O to W
Ohio
For information about coronavirus in Ohio, check the Ohio Department of Health’s website.
NBC News has reached out to the department with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Oklahoma
Call your local health provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. If you need assistance call the Oklahoma Call Center at 877-215-8336.
Testing is conducted by the Oklahoma State Department of Health
For more coronaviros information, visit the Oklahoma State Department of Health’s website.
NBC News has reached out to the department with additional questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Oregon
For information about coronavirus in Oregon, check the Oregon Health Authority’s website.
NBC News has reached out to the health authority with questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Pennsylvania
Call the state hotline at 1-877-PA-HEALTH (1-877-724-3258) if you think you may need to be tested. A public health professional will speak with you and determine if and where you should go for testing, such as the hospital or doctor’s office, and can then coordinate arrival at the healthcare facility to ensure you, the healthcare workers, and other visitors to the facility are all properly protected to prevent further exposures.
The state typically only tests people who are symptomatic. If you are not symptomatic, decisions are made on a case by case basis.
Pennsylvania has both public and private labs that can conduct tests. The state public lab requires approval by the health department for testing.
Results from the state lab can be available in less than a day -- testing takes on average four to six hours.
For more coronavirus information, call 1-877-724-3258 or visit the Pennsylvania Department of Health’s website.
Rhode Island
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
Testing is decided on a case by case basis, considering symptoms, travel history and contact history.
In general, asymptomatic people are not being tested.
Specimens are collected by the provider, then sent to the Rhode Island Department of Health’s State Health Laboratories for analysis.
Results are generally available within 24 to 48 hours.
You can find more coronavirus information on Rhode Island Department of Health’s website.
South Carolina
Call your doctor or health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
They will consult with the state health department to determine if testing is necessary based on the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
Clinicians collect specimens before sending them to labs for analysis.
Testing is conducted by the South Carolina Public Health Laboratory and two private labs, LabQuest and LabCorp.
Results from the state lab are generally available within 24 hours.
For more information, call the South Carolina coronavirus information line at 1-855-472-3432 or visit the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control’s website.
South Dakota
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
To be tested at the public health laboratory, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. The state has three priority levels for patients.
Specimens are collected by the provider. They are then sent to the public health laboratory.
Results could take up to 48 hours.
For more information, call the South Dakota coronavirus information line at 1-800-977-2880 or visit the South Dakota Department of Health’s website.
Tennessee
The Tennessee Department of Health has a coronavirus website with updated information on the number of cases in the state, and guidance on travel and community events.
Call the department’s COVID-19 public information hotline at (877) 857-2945 for more information about the virus. It is available daily from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. CST.
NBC News reached out to the Tennessee Department of Health with additional questions and is awaiting a response.
Texas
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
To be tested by the public health laboratory, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Public health testing also requires the local health department’s approval.
Patients who don’t meet priority requirements can consider testing at commercial labs.
Turnaround time for results depends on where the test is done and when it was sent.
For more information, visit the Texas Health and Human Services Department website.
Utah
If you believe you may have COVID-19, call the Utah coronavirus information line at 1 (800) 456 - 7707.
More information is also available on the state’s coronavirus website.
NBC News reached out to the Utah Department of Health with additional questions about testing and is awaiting a response.
Vermont
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
Providers determine whether a test is necessary based on the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
The state will ensure that anyone who meets the medical requirements for testing can do so at no cost.
Your health care provider will arrange for testing. Specimens are collected at hospitals and clinical labs. They are then sent to the Vermont Department of Health Lab for analysis.
Results are generally available within 24 to 48 hours and are reported to the hospital or clinical lab where the test was collected.
For more coronavirus information, visit the Vermont Department of Health’s website.
Virginia
Call your health care provider if you are symptomatic to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing. Do not go to your local health department for testing.
Your provider will work with your state or local public health department and the CDC to determine if you need to be tested.
To be tested at the public health laboratory, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Alternatively, patients can consider testing at commercial labs, which don’t have set requirements and don’t need an approval from the state department.
Results from the state’s public health lab are generally available within 24 hours.
For more coronavirus information, visit the Virginia Department of Health’s website.
Washington
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
Currently, there are no restrictions on who can be tested, however, it’s up to the provider to decide.
Sample collection is done at the provider’s office. Samples are then sent to facilities such as the Washington State Public Health Lab or the University of Washington Virology Lab for analysis.
Results are generally available within 24 to 48 hours. Turnaround time can be affected by demand.
For more information, read the Washington State Department of Health's medium article on testing or visit the department's coronavirus website.
West Virginia
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
To decide whether you need testing, providers refer to the CDC criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors.
Specimen collection is done at the provider’s office. Samples are then sent to the state’s public health lab. Commercial testing is expected to begin soon.
For more information, visit the West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources’ website.
Wisconsin
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
To decide whether you need testing, clinicians refer to the CDC criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Clinicians canorder tests without health department approval.
Tests are conducted by the Wisconsin State Lab of Hygiene and Milwaukee Health Department Lab. More private labs are also coming online.
Test results are generally available within 24 to 48 hours.
For more information, visit the Wisconsin Department of Health Services’ website.
Wyoming
Call your health care provider to discuss whether you should be evaluated in person and considered for testing.
To be tested by the Wyoming Public Health Laboratory, patients must meet the state’s criteria, which evaluates a combination of symptoms and risk factors. Clinicians can order tests without health department approval.
Patients who do not meet priority requirements can consider testing at commercial labs.
Providers collect specimens and send them to the public health lab or commercial labs for analysis.
Results from the public lab are generally available within 24 hours. Turnaround times for commercial labs are currently unknown.
For more information, visit the Wyoming Department of Health’s website.
根据Mayo clinic的标准，Link： https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-fever/basics/art-20056685
正常体温： 98.6 F (37 C); 范围： 97 F (36.1 C) - 99 F (37.2 C)
发烧信号： 1) 直肠/耳温 ：100F (37.8 C) 及以上 3) 腋下温度：99 F (37.2 C) 及以上
通常医生认为直肠温度最准确，但是比较不方便。正常温度表 Link: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323819#adults
温度计选择
成人发烧分级：这是一位注册护士的建议，和MayorClinic 稍有出入，但基本差别不大。
1) 至少100.4°F(38°C) 才确定发烧 2) 103.1°F (39.5°C) 以上是高烧 3) 105.8°F (41°C) 非常高，危险。
注意： 体温会受各种因素影响，例如，运动与否，时间上早中晚均有差别，饭前饭后，是否遇见大姨妈等等,测体温时最好静态平躺，再考虑各种因素，自行判断。
建议大家从现在起就每天早晨起床未作任何运动时马上量一下体温，这样量的是基础体温，也就是身体温度最低的体温，坚持每天量，记录下来，就会对自己身体温度有一个大致了解。这样可以对迅速自己诊断是否发烧有帮助。
对于一般成年女性来说，基础体温会在排卵前下降0.1-0.2℃，排卵后立刻升高0.3-0.5℃，并持续到月经到来前1-2天，月经到来前，基础体温会下降到平均水平。https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_body_temperature
基础体温 缩写 BBT， 跟医生沟通时，告诉医生你的基础体温，也会对医生迅速做出正确诊断有帮助
Basal body temperature (BBT or BTP) is the lowest body temperature attained during rest (usually during sleep). It is usually estimated by a temperature measurement immediately after awakening and before any physical activity has been undertaken. This will lead to a somewhat higher value than the true BBT.
根据CDC, 最好的预防就是不要接触新冠病毒，怎样算不接触呢？ 首先看病毒传播途径，Link： https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prepare/prevention.html
1）人与人近距离接触：6 feet 也就是大约2米之内都算近距离接触，即使你们没有直接肢体接触也会传染。 2) 带病毒者咳嗽或打喷嚏时留在空气中的飞沫或微滴（droplet） 接触到你的口，鼻，眼睛，等人体 “开口” ， 我的理解就是中国古代说过的 “七窍” 之类。但其实只有口鼻，眼睛暴露在外，所以容易成为病毒的入口。 3) 接触被病毒污染的物体或表面.
所以最好的预防就是
1） 与人之间隔开至少6feet，也有文章建议6.5feet，反正就是大约2米的距离 2） 不去空气中可能有带病毒飞沫的地方，商场，球赛，演唱会，会议室，办公室，学校餐馆，等等，总而言之可能让你不得不和人距离低于2米，也就是人群聚集的地方。这就是为什么要取消集会的原因。 3） 尽量不要摸任何物体或表面，这很难做到，所以就只有用soap勤洗手。另外一个原因就是新冠病毒的本身RNA的结构容易被soap破坏掉，从而使病毒失去活性，被水流冲走。 4） 不用手触碰脸以避免手上沾染的病毒从口，鼻，眼睛侵入人体。 5） 正确佩戴和摘除口罩，如果方法动作不对，危害比不戴更大。
新冠病毒在体外存活时间 Link: https://www.technologyreview.com/s/615348/heres-how-long-the-coronavirus-can-stay-in-the-air-and-on-packages/
根据蒙大拿州汉密尔顿的国家健康病毒学协会实验室的研究，新冠病毒在塑料和不锈钢表面存活时间最长， 可达三天之久，在硬纸壳比如Amazon的包装箱上可达一天之久，病毒最不喜欢铜，只能呆4个小时。所以同学们， 收到包裹的时候，记得先消毒！ 千万不要兴奋地直接开箱立马来个开箱照，那病毒也会和你分享快乐的!
新冠病毒最喜欢塑料和不锈钢表面的事实其实提醒了我们，医院里的那些冰冷的医疗设备正是病毒很好的载体，所以医院比起其它地方更容易让病毒传播。 这些研究者还发现即使三天后在不锈钢和塑料仍然能够测到存活的病毒，所以有些病毒可能存活多于三天。
来自德国Universityof Greifswald 医学员的GunterKampft 教授及其同事研究发现, Link: https://www.chemistryviews.org/details/news/11220539/How_Long_Can_Coronaviruses_Live_on_Surfaces.html
“The team found that human coronaviruses can persist onsurfaces for up to nine days, depending on the material of the surface and thetemperature. The collected data also showed that this type of virus can beefficiently inactivated by disinfection with sufficiently concentrated ethanol,hydrogen peroxide, or sodium hypochlorite solutions.”
新冠病毒可在物体表面存活长达9天，取决于物体表面的材料及温度。在低温，零下4摄氏度时，甚至可以存活长达一个月，高于摄氏30度就能降低病毒的存活率。 结合前面国家健康病毒学协会实验室的研究结果，我们可以推断，医院里医疗器械，走廊，电梯，等有不锈钢和塑料的表面，如果消毒不彻底，病毒将可能存活一个月。 所以大家尽量减少去医院的次数，不得不去，回家要彻底消毒.外出归家后，也要彻底消毒，尤其鞋底，手套等容易携带病毒的地方。
如何消毒 现在已知并且容易买到的消毒用品主要有
1）70% 的酒精
a. 中国国内75% 和美国70% 酒精都可以有效对新冠病毒消毒。 之所以标注浓度不一样，是因为中国和美国标注酒精方式不同， 中国标注的是体积比 - 100毫升含75毫升酒精 ; 美国是质量比- 100g液体含70g酒精 一样的酒精，功效相同。
b. 70% 酒精比91%（国内95%）的酒精更能有效杀灭新冠病毒，不要用91%的酒精，不能高效杀毒。在美国如果买不到70%酒精，可以用91%自己配置： 每1000毫升91%酒精 + 210毫升洁净水，即可得到70%（国内75%）的酒精。
c. 酒精有多个“花名“ ，Isopropylalcohol ，Ethyl alcohol, Ethanol, Alcohol、EthanolAlcohol, 它们之间有少许区别，但是在美国，只要标注70%，都可以有效杀新冠病毒。
2）bleach-84消毒液,以次氯酸钠为主要成分的含氯消毒剂,可根据说明自行配置，一般杀菌通常浓度0.05%即可， 杀新冠病毒需要浓度为0.1%。
3) 双氧水hydrogenperoxide, 浓度达到3% 的都可有效新冠病毒。 我查了一下，现在各大grocerystore, pharmacies, 比如CVS，Walgreen,还有target, Walmart 等的自家品牌都是3%的浓度，大家买的时候再确认一下即可。
4）各种杀菌纸巾，喷雾，hand sanitizer比如 Clorox disinfection wipes, Lysol spray,Purell hand sanitizer， etc.
提醒一下，不是所有Clorox和Lysol的产品都能有效杀新冠病毒，EPA检测过可杀新冠病毒的产品清单 List N: Disinfectants for Use Against SARS-CoV-2, Link：https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-registration/list-n-disinfectants-use-against-sars-cov-2
5）物理消毒： 56摄氏度、30分钟 或者 100 摄氏度 10分钟， 炒菜的温度+足够长的时间足以杀死新冠病毒
注意：
1）杀菌时间： 时间不够，等于没杀，甚至更加糟糕，你在帮助细菌病毒建立“抗药性”,催生超级细菌和病毒， 更不用说让自己暴露在细菌和病毒危险中。
2）杀菌浓度不是越高越好，消毒剂也不是用的越多就越安全。 有些情况下，高浓度反而杀菌效果比低浓度差很多（以后有时间再讲），过量使用消毒剂会造成细菌病毒的耐受性，反而会导致消毒剂的杀菌效果变弱变差，你不想让你家里产生超级细菌或病毒的话，请严格按浓度谨慎杀毒。
3) 酒精，bleach，双氧水，都有一定毒性，长期大剂量实用可能致癌，直接吸入人体可能损伤呼吸道黏膜. 这些消毒剂以及各种可杀新冠病毒的wipes，hand sanitizer，对皮肤都有一定刺激性，请戴手套，口罩使用，保护好自己。
美国终于重视起来了，keep social distancing!
https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/14/health/coronavirus-kids-social-distancing-wellness/index.html
https://www.ariadnelabs.org/resources/articles/news/social-distancing-this-is-not-a-snow-day/
COVID-19病毒可以在气候炎热潮湿的地区传播从迄今得到的证据来看，COVID-19病毒可以在所有地区（包括气候炎热潮湿地区）传播。无论气候如何，如果你居住在或前往报告有COVID-19疫情的地区，务必采取保护措施。避免染上COVID-19的最好方式就是勤洗手。这样可以除去手上可能携带的病毒，而且可以避免随后因碰触眼睛、嘴和鼻子可能发生的感染。
低温和冰雪不能杀死新型冠状病毒没有理由认为寒冷天气可以杀死新型冠状病毒或其他疾病。不管外部气温或天气如何，正常体温保持在36.5和37左右。勤用含酒精成分的免洗洗手液或肥皂和清水洗手是保护自己避免感染2019冠状病毒病的最有效手段。
洗热水澡并不能预防新型冠状病毒病洗热水澡不能预防COVID-19。不管您洗澡或淋浴温度如何，您的正常体温仍会保持在36.5℃至37℃之间。事实上，洗热水澡时，如果水温过热是有害的，可能会烫伤您。勤洗手是防范COVID-19的最好方法，可以清除手上的病毒，避免因手触碰眼睛、嘴巴和鼻子而可能发生感染。
新型冠状病毒不能通过蚊虫叮咬传播迄今为止，没有任何信息或证据表明蚊子可能传播2019冠状病毒病。新型冠状病毒是呼吸道病毒，它主要通过接触已感染者咳嗽或打喷嚏时产生的呼吸道飞沫，或通过接触其唾液或鼻涕而传播。为保护自己，勤用含酒精成分的免洗洗手液或肥皂和清水洗手，并避免与咳嗽或打喷嚏者密切接触。
干手器对杀死新型冠状病毒有效吗？无效。干手器不能有效杀死新型冠状病毒。为了防止自己感染新型冠状病毒，应该经常用含酒精成分的免洗洗手液或用肥皂和水洗手。将手清洗干净后，用纸巾彻底擦干或用暖风干手器彻底烘干。
紫外线消毒灯能杀死新型冠状病毒吗？紫外线灯不应用于手部或其他皮肤部位的消毒，因为紫外线辐射会导致红斑（皮肤过敏）。
体温扫描仪在检测新型冠状病毒感染者方面是有效的吗？是的，体温扫描仪在检测因感染新型冠状病毒而发烧的人方面是有效的。
然而，如果已经感染但尚未发烧，则无法被体温扫描仪检测到。这是因为感染者需要2-10天的时间才会生病和发烧。
全身喷洒酒精或氯能杀死新型冠状病毒吗？不能。全身喷洒酒精或氯不会杀死已经进入体内的病毒。喷洒此类物质可能对衣服或粘膜（即眼睛、口腔）有害。请注意，酒精和氯可能对消毒各种表面有用，但是使用时须遵循适当的建议。
肺炎疫苗能预防新型冠状病毒吗？不能。肺炎疫苗，如肺炎球菌疫苗和乙型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗，不能预防新型冠状病毒。
这一病毒是新的和不同的病毒，需要有专门疫苗。在世卫组织支持下，研究人员正在努力开发新型冠状病毒疫苗。
这些呼吸道疾病疫苗对预防新型冠状病毒虽无效果，但我们强烈建议接种这些疫苗，以维护健康。
定期用生理盐水清洗鼻子是否有助于预防感染新型冠状病毒？没有证据表明，经常用生理盐水冲洗鼻子可以防止感染新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）。
有一些有限的证据表明，经常用生理盐水清洗鼻子可以帮助人们更快地从普通感冒中恢复过来。然而，经常清洗鼻子并不能预防呼吸道感染。
吃大蒜能预防新型冠状病毒感染吗？大蒜是 一种健康食品，可能有一些抗菌特性。然而，从目前的疫情来看，没有证据表明食用大蒜可以保护人们免受新型冠状病毒的感染。
新型冠状病毒会影响老年人吗？年轻人也容易感染吗？
所有年龄段的人都可能受到新型冠状病毒的影响。年龄较大和患有哮喘、糖尿病、心脏病等疾病的人感染该病毒的可能性也许更大。
世卫组织建议所有年龄段的人采取措施保护自己免受病毒感染，如保持手部清洁和呼吸道健康的卫生习惯。
抗生素在预防和治疗新型冠状病毒方面有效吗？
抗生素对病毒无效，只对细菌有效。
新型冠状病毒是一种病毒，因此，不应将抗生素用作预防或治疗手段。
然而，如果你因新型冠状病毒住院，你可能会接受抗生素治疗，因为有可能同时感染细菌。
有专门预防和治疗新型冠状病毒的药物吗？到目前为止，还没有专门用于预防和治疗新型冠状病毒的药物。
那些感染病毒的人应该接受用于缓解和针对症状的治疗，而病情严重的患者应得到针对其所有症状的最佳的支持性治疗。特定的治疗方法正在研究中，并将通过临床试验进行测试。世卫组织正与合作伙伴一起帮助加速研究和开发工作。
感谢楼主，好好研究一下～～
谢谢 monkey_d, 很及时，已经加在首页更新部分了
留美醫學教授黃建中先生發到同學群的微信：
現在.... 有很多的疑似或確診但病情輕微的病人住不進醫院。這個可以理解，因為任何城市都不可能在平時建設這麼多的傳染病醫院和傳染病床，還要有這麼多的傳染科醫護人員待命。
其實去醫院也沒有針對性的特殊治療，主要還是支持療法。住不進醫院急也沒用。按照我下面說的，應該可以先延緩病情發展，等待進院。
我是醫生多年，又是營養師多年，我的方法是有科學依據的，可以把我的這個微信發到有需要的群里，以便如果有人遇到這樣的情況時可以參考自救。
這不是鼓吹靠自己來治療，而是用這些生活中的方法給自己贏得時間等待 .... 整體條件改善時住進醫院治療。
我寫的這些方法都是有依據的。
1. 患者家人全部進出門用鹽水漱口，要涼水，不要用熱水，涼水可以讓口咽部黏膜下血管收縮，減少病毒進入血液的機會。鹽水可以固定病毒表面的S-蛋白，使其不易附著到黏膜上。冠狀病毒只有先與黏膜上的特定蛋白結合，才能進入到我們人體細胞，再大量複製。要經常漱口
，用含酒精的漱口液更好。
2. 如果已經確診，但住不進醫院，只能在家自我隔離（單房間），時刻帶上口罩。家人也時刻帶口罩，只要沒有直接的飛沫傳播，就很難傳染。用75%酒精噴灑家裡，盡可能不留死角。傢具用酒精搽拭。這個病毒對酒精不耐受，用酒精可以滅活。家裡的衣服能用開水燙的就用開水燙，這個病毒能耐受的溫度是60度以下，高溫可以滅活。不能開水燙的衣服鞋子噴灑酒精消毒。
3. 如果有症狀但不重，首先注意多喝水，每次喝水量不要大，幾口就行，頻繁的喝，保持水份平衡。大蒜生薑洋蔥都有抗病毒作用，生吃或煮水喝。尤其生薑可以煮濃姜湯，喝了加快血液循環，如果能出汗更好。可以喝一些白酒，加快血液循環。血液循環對自身免疫功能非常重要。這個病即使住院，也是要靠自身免疫力來控制的。
4. 熱雞湯是美國傳統上抗感冒的，醫生也提倡，可以多喝。到藥房去買維生素C，大劑量服，每天4000毫克，維生素C既可以影響病毒複製，又可以穩定血管璧，減少肺部炎性滲出。紅酒里含紅酒多酚，有一定的類似激素作用，可以喝。因為中國國家衛健委的治療指南也是用短期的激素，紅酒多酚消炎是很有效的（紅葡萄酒，不是白葡萄酒）。
5. 好的蘑菇如花菇含有豐富的多糖類物質，可以刺激免疫系統，日本對花菇的研究很多，要多吃。烹飪之前，在水里多泡泡，去除蘑菇可能吸附的農藥殘留。如果家裡有靈芝等，那就更好，沒有就多吃花菇（不是平菇）。人參西洋參都可以煮水喝，對提高免疫機能有好處。可以和雞湯一起煮。
6. 西藥里的阿斯匹林可以服用小劑量（5-20毫克），既有消炎的作用，也有降低血液粘稠度的作用。資料顯示病毒感染者有的血漿二聚體增高，意味著血液粘度升高，血流流速減慢，這種情況不利於免疫細胞的運動，而有利於病毒複製。中藥里的黃芪黨參西洋參含類黃酮，可以保護各器官的細胞，避免出現器官嚴重損傷。實在沒有這些煮黃豆吃也有作用。
7. 能進食是關鍵，胃口不好可以煮水喝，一切能開胃的方法都可以，只要能吃就問題不大。注意尿量。每天至少要上廁所幾次，排正常尿量。
謝謝！可轉發！照顧好自己和家人
1. 医院每天都会与CDC紧密联系，协商。每天与中国，和欧洲国家的医生联络，学习，交流, ， learning things in real time. 所以请大家不要相信 那些所谓“抄作业都不会“ 制造恐慌的留言。美国的医生学习的很快，治疗方案的修正是时刻进行的，几乎每天都会根据各种情况不断调整.
2.抗击pandemic是个长期的艰苦工作，绝不是短期就能解决，请大家做好思想准备。
3. 医院目前PPE 可支持几个星期，再往下严重短缺， 正在想办法，CDC也短缺。目前有详细的使用口罩情况规定，N95 现在只有直接接触病人的医生护士可以配备.
所以请大家尽量捐口罩！ 口罩！尤其是N95口罩给前线医生护士！捐款不如捐口罩能救急。捐之前请与医院联系什么样的口罩医院可以用。 4. 现在开始，严禁探视病人，特殊情况特批。
5.测试的kit 将很快用完，目前 还是短缺的情况下，还是医生决定是否可测。直到我们拿到更多新的测试kit，才能扩大测试范围。
6. 所有非必要手术均延期，危急手术仍将正常进行。
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html
If you develop emergency warning signs for COVID-19 get medical attention immediately. Emergency warning signs include*:
Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
Persistent pain or pressure in the chest
New confusion or inability to arouse
Bluish lips or face
*This list is not all inclusive. Please consult your medical provider for any other symptoms that are severe or concerning.
1. 为什么要居家隔离
1) 切断传染源，平复病例同时出现的高峰，预防挤兑医疗系统，造成因病患突然暴涨，医疗系统崩溃，无法及时救治的惨剧，参见武汉。
2) 新冠肺炎前期主要靠自身免疫，后期靠医疗器械支持加药物。80%可以靠自身免疫扛过病毒。如果你感染了，还到处浪，不仅仅是传染了更多的人，增加了医疗挤兑发生的几率, 更重要的是你在到处浪的过程中，得不到应有的
休息和免疫力的增强，反而一方面增加自己二次或加重感染的机率，另一方面降低了自己的免疫力，让病毒有机可乘，趁机攻破你的免疫系统，长驱直入，从轻症演变成重症。所以为了你自己的健康，家人的健康，和你周围
人的健康，请自觉隔离。
3) 隔离时间是14 天， 即使你幸运属于80%，也请自觉呆满14 天. 即使最终70% 的人群会感染，现在的隔离可以增加以后几周20%需要入院治疗的人的存活机率，这20%当中也许会有你的家人，朋友，甚至冲在一线的医生和护
士。
2. 什么情况下隔离
1） 你跟检测阳性者有亲密接触 或者你暴露于病毒中的几率大于50%以上，即中高风险。
什么是密切接触？ 就是阳性患者任何肌肤接触过的表面，你的肌肤都有可能接触到, 包括空气中的飞沫，和大家平时开玩笑说的间接Kiss。
2） 你已经出现疑似症状不管以上任何一种为了你自己，家人和其他接触过你的人的安全，你都应该主动隔离。
坦白的说，居家隔离如果和家人同住一个屋檐下，传染家人的机率非常高。 有条件的话到当地卫生部门指定地点或指定酒店隔离，注意如果到酒店隔离，要通知酒店管理人员做好相关消毒和准备工作。如果没有条件，也是目前美国大部分人面临的情况，那么就要
4. 居家隔离
1) 准备
• 充足的水和食物
• 口罩, 水杯，纸巾等必需品
• 温度计和常备药，如感冒发烧降温的，止咳的，消炎的等等
• 消毒用品：手套，酒精，双氧水，84等消毒剂，消毒纸巾，衣物专用消毒剂等
• 清洁用品: 肥皂，洗手液，
• 垃圾处理： 垃圾袋，大小不同尺寸，带盖垃圾桶
• 通讯与工作需要： 手机，电脑，耳机，麦克等远程会议所需用品
• 自我娱乐用品：电脑，ipad, 书，桌游，手工制作所需材料, 等等
• 当地卫生部门你的所有医生及其他所需的电话号码, 联系方式
2) 措施
主要集中在以下几点，
• 在家全程戴口罩, 勤洗手, 每次至少洗够20秒，手心，手背，指甲，指缝，手腕连接处都要洗干净。
• 及时消毒，隔离房间最好有自己的卫生间，隔离者尽量呆在隔离房间不踏出一步，如果不得已要出房间，所有触碰过的地方，立即消毒，如何消毒参见本贴预防篇。为了家人的健康，
你要象侦探故事里的高智商犯罪分子一样，把所有自己留下的痕迹（病毒）消灭掉。或者你可以选择戴手套。隔离者用过的手套，口罩，先放进小塑料袋，喷洒消毒剂后，封口装入大垃圾袋，密封。
• 及时通风, 每天尽量多次开窗通风, 每次至少30分钟，一天起码2-3次
自制临时 “负压病房”
教大家一个简易方法，如果家里有通风改善，把它架到窗上，或放到与窗同高，同时向外排期，利用气流造成临时负压。
注意，开窗通风时一定要注意保暖，不要受凉。
• 规律生活，早睡早起，不要放飞自我，黑白颠倒，降低自己的免疫力
独立房使用的中央空调，取决于过滤芯，和使用何种空调，大部分老房子的滤芯达不到过滤病毒的效果，如果隔离房间可以把空调关掉，最好。要小心病毒随空气循环传染。
现在最先进的智能房屋有比较好的选择，可惜大部分人没有。
3）如何观察病情变化及何时就医
详情请参考首页第三楼。
另每天及时测体温，至少早中晚三次，仔细观察自己身体状况变化。一旦到第六天，七天，高烧用药也退不下来，就要警惕，如果同时伴随血氧低，呼吸困难要及时就医
注意： 如果本身有基础病，肺炎，糖尿病，高血压，心脏病 等，要格外留意自己的反应，一旦高热 >38 摄氏度，103℉, 胸闷气短，要及时就医。