standard deduction + 94K LT capital gain. 一点税都不要交。 但是能转的pretaxt 很有限。所以你存多了401+pretaxt IRA,最后总归要交税的。不存的话，现在如果高收入也要交税。只要是收入高，税都免不了。现在回想年轻时也存了一些pretaxt IRA 401k,真是太亏了。但是那时候啥也不懂，只听说退休以后收入降低。
Understanding active income Active income is defined as income that is earned as a direct result of performing a service or participating in a business or activity. It involves exchanging time and labor for money, requiring continuous effort to generate earnings. Here are some common examples of active income: Salaries and Wages: These are the most typical forms of active income, where you receive a fixed payment for your work based on a set schedule, or an hourly wage for the hours you work. Freelancing and Consulting Services: Income earned from providing services as an independent contractor, such as writing, graphic design, web development, or business consulting, falls into this category. Business Profits: For those who actively own and operate a business, the profits generated are considered active income. This involves direct involvement in daily operations and management. Tips and Commissions: Professionals in sales, for instance, often earn income through commissions based on their performance and sales figures. Gig Work: Participation in the gig economy, such as driving for rideshare services or making deliveries, also counts as active income because it involves providing a service for payment. Bonuses: Bonuses tied to performance metrics or achieving specific goals are also considered active income as they are directly linked to your efforts and achievements. Key differences between active and passive income The main distinction between active and passive income lies in the level of involvement required to generate the income: Active income requires ongoing participation and effort, meaning the income stops when the work stops. Passive income is earned with minimal ongoing effort after an initial investment or setup, according to SoFi. Examples include income from investments like stocks, rental properties, or royalties. Understanding the difference between active and passive income is important because it can impact tax treatment and financial planning. Active income is generally taxed at ordinary income rates, while some types of passive income may receive more favorable tax treatment, such as long-term capital gains or qualified dividends. In essence, if you're actively trading your time and labor for money, that's active income.
如果你当前的边际税率低于退休后的预期税率，那现在转换可以用较低税率缴税，将来则可免税提取。
例如：你今年收入少、失业、刚退休但尚未开始领社保等。
2. 收入波动或临时性减少某一年收入骤降（例如刚退休但尚未开始领取养老金），是做大额转换的良机。
3. 市场下跌时当市场下跌、账户资产缩水时转换，可以在较低估值基础上转换（In-kind），缴税少，资产复苏后增值部分则免税。
4. 计划长期投资或不急于取出资金Roth IRA 提取收益前必须满足“账户开设满5年 且 年满59½岁”等条件。
如果你离退休还远，转换后可以实现长期免税增长，非常有利。
5. 为继承人考虑Roth IRA 没有强制分配（RMD），也能让继承人更灵活地提取资金，减少遗产税影响。
6. 当你所在州是免州税时：可以省去5%等州税
什么时候不建议转换？ 1. 没有足够的现金缴税转换金额需要按普通收入缴纳所得税，若没有账户外现金缴税，而从IRA中取钱缴税，可能会被罚款（若未满59½岁）并减少复利增长。
2. 收入高，税率已处高位若你当前税率较高，未来可能退休收入降低，则现在转换可能税负更重，不划算。
3. 即将用钱Roth IRA 转换后的5年规则限制资金提取时间，短期内有支出需求者不宜操作。
是否应分年逐步转换？是的，分年转换（Roth conversion ladder）是一种常见策略：
每年转换一部分资金，避免一次性大额转换推高边际税率。
特别适合提前退休者，在领取社保或开始养老金前的低税率年份操作。
示例假设你60岁，刚退休，2025年收入降至$50,000，未来收入会因养老金和RMD上升到$90,000+。这时你可趁税率较低的2025年将部分Rollover IRA转换为Roth IRA，比如$40,000，缴纳较低税。
只有税收上的考虑
怎么搞都差不多了。我算过了，2-3米以上，除非早退休，早晚税率都一样，退休后可能收入更高了
包括不能直接“存”Roth IRA。
通过backdoor“转”Roth IRA，会卡在第一步，不能“存”traditional IRA
https://www.medicare.gov/publications/11579-medicare-costs.pdf
应该会有的。
你没收入， 放是不对的。打电话去拿出来
standard deduction + 94K LT capital gain. 一点税都不要交。 但是能转的pretaxt 很有限。所以你存多了401+pretaxt IRA,最后总归要交税的。不存的话，现在如果高收入也要交税。只要是收入高，税都免不了。现在回想年轻时也存了一些pretaxt IRA 401k,真是太亏了。但是那时候啥也不懂，只听说退休以后收入降低。
A: 住院
B：看医生
D:药物
做职业经理人， 也要满足要求的
查查active income 含那些income
Understanding active income Active income is defined as income that is earned as a direct result of performing a service or participating in a business or activity. It involves exchanging time and labor for money, requiring continuous effort to generate earnings. Here are some common examples of active income: Salaries and Wages: These are the most typical forms of active income, where you receive a fixed payment for your work based on a set schedule, or an hourly wage for the hours you work. Freelancing and Consulting Services: Income earned from providing services as an independent contractor, such as writing, graphic design, web development, or business consulting, falls into this category. Business Profits: For those who actively own and operate a business, the profits generated are considered active income. This involves direct involvement in daily operations and management. Tips and Commissions: Professionals in sales, for instance, often earn income through commissions based on their performance and sales figures. Gig Work: Participation in the gig economy, such as driving for rideshare services or making deliveries, also counts as active income because it involves providing a service for payment. Bonuses: Bonuses tied to performance metrics or achieving specific goals are also considered active income as they are directly linked to your efforts and achievements. Key differences between active and passive income The main distinction between active and passive income lies in the level of involvement required to generate the income: Active income requires ongoing participation and effort, meaning the income stops when the work stops. Passive income is earned with minimal ongoing effort after an initial investment or setup, according to SoFi. Examples include income from investments like stocks, rental properties, or royalties. Understanding the difference between active and passive income is important because it can impact tax treatment and financial planning. Active income is generally taxed at ordinary income rates, while some types of passive income may receive more favorable tax treatment, such as long-term capital gains or qualified dividends. In essence, if you're actively trading your time and labor for money, that's active income.
属于spouse Roth IRA? 对吗？