China financed the American Revolution, unknowingly

r
renqiulan
楼主 (文学峸)

The Declaration of Independence of 1776 began the American Revolution officially. At the same time, money became the most pressing issue confronting General George Washington. Raising a revolutionary army called for heavy financing. It was no accident that China trade turned out to be so magnetic to a struggling new-born America. 

 

The Qing court in Peking (Beijing) had no idea what the American Revolution was about. Virtually, no Chinese cared. But, they cared about the astonishing range of exotic merchandise coming from a distant corner of the world known as America. Chinese paid silver coins for America's seal skins, otter pelts, sandalwood, sea cucumbers, and ginseng. Yes, Chinese have a long history of consuming American ginseng. 

 

In a land of rule rather than law, kickbacks and downright bribes were expected and practiced to grease the hands that moved the foreign trade along. Local Qing officials were as complicit as their American visitors when and where their "mutual benefits" were concerned.

 

Between 1783 and the early 1800s, America's coffers saw a steady in-flow of Chinese silver coins. Then, America enjoyed impressive trade surpluses that helped tide it over until brighter days were on the horizon. Silver coins shine, don't they?

 

Like it or not, the love-hate relationship between America and China practically began with the American Revolution.

 
Author: renqiulan 

r
renqiulan
中文提要:本文是《美中关係史话》系列的首篇。美国争取独立的同时、开始争取对华贸易的机会。华贸不成则美国革命难成。
花似鹿葱
哇塞!,小R你真是专家啊
花似鹿葱
你这个视角很独到,好像欧洲大陆喜欢美国的毛皮,大清国也喜欢吗?
r
renqiulan
哪里。大抵史家过于偏重西方诸国间的竞争,鲜有详及对华贸易在美国独立战争上的重要---雪花白银是当时的国际通用货币。
r
renqiulan
清朝官绅真是“崇洋(货)”,商贾乘机发财。白银大量流出,明禁实纵。
l
lovecat08
中国是大国,要离开它,贸易难生存啊!
l
lovecat08
记得,我老妈存过银元,和银票呢!
A
AP33912
花旗参Ginsen, 微州WI 的,以前中国人回国必带。中国也出口丝织品与茶叶,当时美国第一港口在费城。
A
AP33912
更多是China, 瓷器, 很早入美。小r好讲解。
老键
以后你一定会写到这些

改开后,尤其中国加入世贸后

中国的廉价日用品倾销美国,资助中国人民在耕地上盖了很多楼

微软产品在中国畅销,资助美国人民诞生了GPT

特斯拉车在中国畅销,资助美国人民诞生了星链和龙飞船

r
renqiulan
美国独立前后,欧洲战乱,贸易艰难。难得白银帝国即中国垂青美货。利之所在,美商自然勤快得可以。
r
renqiulan
銀元比诸金元,更普及。
r
renqiulan
据悉,中国丝绸,换来美国海豹皮。美商转卖丝绸给西方贵族,又捞一大笔银元。非如此,美国早就破产。
r
renqiulan
If you happen to be visiting Mt Vernon, you'll see

George Washington's collection of chinaware.
r
renqiulan
以先生的洞察力,应该在此发文,使吾辈长识。
l
lovecat08
在美国,海参还可以买卖,鱼翅已不可以了。
r
renqiulan
Right. Things change.
s
shuier
First, congrats to you as a moderator. I like this post.
r
renqiulan
Thanks, shuier! Please give me some feedback.
s
shuier
You have cut the long story short. That's fine, but...

then you might have left quite a few gaps unbridged. A more detailed background story will help.

r
renqiulan
Your feedback makes sense to me. I'm glad to hear from you.
s
shuier
Maybe you should have mentioned a typical China trader.
r
renqiulan
Good idea. John Ledyard's story is fascinating.
s
shuier
You caught the point. Good for you.
r
renqiulan
But then my post would be a lengthy one.
s
shuier
True.
寒苇
+1
花似鹿葱
美国历史了解得不多。但是喜欢独立战争和南北战争的历史。记得独立战争时的大陆军军费匮乏——

从华盛顿到格林将军(Nathanael Greene)到拉法叶特( Marquis de La Fayette)都不得不自掏腰包付军饷。真不知道跟中国贸易与独立战争关系,谢谢小R

r
renqiulan
Washington's Continental Army was, in fact, a ragtag army.
r
renqiulan
Joseph P. Martin's A Narrative of a Revolutionary Soldier
r
renqiulan
Thanks, 寒苇! Come join us.
花似鹿葱
哈哈哈!
花似鹿葱
谢谢推荐!英文书看得还是太少,惭愧!
a
ahniu
misinformation

free trade is not finance.

(发自我的文学城离线浏览器)

花似鹿葱
闹革命的一方都是这样吧?大陆军有点像中国早期的红军,查尔斯李有点像张国焘
r
renqiulan
谢谢!那时候清代官绅挪用白银买美货,形同“洗公家钱”,不知不觉地给了美方急需的军费。
r
renqiulan
+100
老林子里的夏天
Great, I'm glad you accepted as moderator.

Thank you Sycamore, I believe Shuxiang will be great again. Ha ha ....

唐宋韵
谢谢秋兰的大作。过去对那个时期美国与清朝的贸易不了解。从贸易额的角度看,跟同期欧洲与和华的贸易是什么比例?有一点

我相当吃惊:美国与华当时的贸易居然是大顺差,得到白银。美国那些换银子的“土特产品”能够大量供应和长期持续吗?

我提这个问题是因为与此同时,欧洲与华贸易却是大逆差。天朝的茶叶、瓷器等换来大量的白银,而欧洲的东西天朝什么都不需要。当时欧洲人做贸易比美国人老道,他们为什么不向美国学,弄点儿山货过去平衡贸易呢?实际情况是欧洲一筹莫展,几十年间白银流出无数。英国受不了了,才出招搞有鸦片贸易,进而有了后来的鸦片战争。

 

r
renqiulan
Thanks! I'm honored to be on board.
r
renqiulan
其实,美国也偷运鸦片,不过不敌英国的割喉竞争。穷则变,变则通,偷买海豹皮等,居然杀出一条财路。