the team reviewed 16 studies looking at the effects of beer on exercise performance and compiled that data into one systematic review. They found that beer can actually be a decent post-run beverage, as long as you’re careful about it. First, they determined that low-alcohol beer (less than four per cent) was more effective at helping athletes rehydrate after exercise than higher-alcohol beers.
Heavy alcohol consumption has been associated with brain atrophy, neuronal loss, and poorer white matter fiber integrity. However, there is conflicting evidence on whether light-to-moderate alcohol consumption shows similar negative associations with brain structure. To address this, we examine the associations between alcohol intake and brain structure using multimodal imaging data from 36,678 generally healthy middle-aged and older adults from the UK Biobank, controlling for numerous potential confounds. Consistent with prior literature, we find negative associations between alcohol intake and brain macrostructure and microstructure. Specifically, alcohol intake is negatively associated with global brain volume measures, regional gray matter volumes, and white matter microstructure. Here, we show that the negative associations between alcohol intake and brain macrostructure and microstructure are already apparent in individuals consuming an average of only one to two daily alcohol units, and become stronger as alcohol intake increases.
https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/240224325541689324.html
https://m.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_14393520#:~:text=《国际体育运动营养学,住身体里的水分%E3%80%82
酒精含量低于4%的啤酒可以作为跑后补充水分的饮料，而且还有更多意想不到的功效。
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首先，啤酒有助于减少训练后肌肉疼痛。
酒精一直被认为是精神的抚慰剂，但事实上，酒精在减缓肌肉疼痛上的作用也不小。美国职业体育联赛的不少专业训练恢复师，都会利用含有酒精的饮料帮助运动员恢复。
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其次，啤酒提升恢复效率胜过矿泉水。
都说啤酒利尿，运动前后喝啤酒会影响运动状态。但最新的科学研究表明，啤酒不仅不会影响运动后的水合作用以及恢复，甚至在促进跑后身体恢复方面比矿泉水的效果好很多。
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第三，啤酒可以增加骨骼强度。
对于运动者而言，强健的骨骼是必不可少的。人体内的硅元素就是增加骨骼强度的重要因素，而能被人体吸收的硅元素平时从何而来呢？没错，啤酒就是一个选择。
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英文报道
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/beer-after-workout#benefits
SUMMARY
Drinking a beer after working out may bolster your intake of carbs, certain electrolytes, and antioxidants. Keep in mind that moderation is vital.
https://triathlonmagazine.ca/nutrition/study-is-beer-good-for-post-workout-rehydration/
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the team reviewed 16 studies looking at the effects of beer on exercise performance and compiled that data into one systematic review. They found that beer can actually be a decent post-run beverage, as long as you’re careful about it. First, they determined that low-alcohol beer (less than four per cent) was more effective at helping athletes rehydrate after exercise than higher-alcohol beers.
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第二个link打不开
可以补充水，为什么要喝酒呢？直接喝水不行么？饮料、可乐、西瓜也好得多。
可以补充能量，酒精的能量要通过肝，比赛中肝已经筋疲力尽了，为什么不直接吃葡萄糖，哪怕果糖，那也便捷多了。
可以补充电解质，为什么要喝酒？盐丸、运动饮料，酸黄瓜（含汤），榨菜、。。。而酒里面的电解质含量极低。可乐的电解质反而更明显。一节香蕉，更加直接，营养非常齐全。
可以补充蛋白质，为什么要喝酒？啤酒里面的蛋白质？
。。。。。这种挤牙膏式的罗列喝酒的“好处”，找不到依据。想卖酒就卖酒，想喝酒就喝。找“好处”就不必了。
相反，赛前，赛中，赛后，喝酒的害处，我亲眼所见，亲身体会。
世界上那么多酒厂，对酒精的依赖和利益，可以产出各种酒的疑似“好处”的文章。除非找出不喝酒的坏处，否则我坚决反对喝酒，尤其比赛中。
PS，馋啤酒的口味，在德国、奥地利，可以找无酒精啤酒啊。
https://www.skimag.com/news/jeremy-nobis-dead-at-52/，进监狱因为是driving under the influence。 运动员有很多伤痛，很多人也难免有药物依赖，这个应该就是一个例子。
Associations between alcohol consumption and gray and white matter volumes in the UK Biobank
AbstractHeavy alcohol consumption has been associated with brain atrophy, neuronal loss, and poorer white matter fiber integrity. However, there is conflicting evidence on whether light-to-moderate alcohol consumption shows similar negative associations with brain structure. To address this, we examine the associations between alcohol intake and brain structure using multimodal imaging data from 36,678 generally healthy middle-aged and older adults from the UK Biobank, controlling for numerous potential confounds. Consistent with prior literature, we find negative associations between alcohol intake and brain macrostructure and microstructure. Specifically, alcohol intake is negatively associated with global brain volume measures, regional gray matter volumes, and white matter microstructure. Here, we show that the negative associations between alcohol intake and brain macrostructure and microstructure are already apparent in individuals consuming an average of only one to two daily alcohol units, and become stronger as alcohol intake increases.
不过，无酒精的啤酒，真不好喝。还不如不喝。
美国我还没碰到过好喝的无酒精啤酒。
酒精的。还以为看我太老了，不用查了。
接触多了，我发现很多人比较high是因为喝了酒。出去玩，也有人抽大麻或者含THC的。这些作用都是相近的。这些人平时也看不出来有药物依赖的。
一杯正好。大麻没试过。只闻味道我就想吐。
酒酿你吃吗，也有酒精。还有现在流行的kombucha，酒精含量低于0.5%，我觉得个别的罐子里比这个标准高。
就像普通大众喜欢甜点一样，甜点对人应该也没有好处。但是耐不住好吃啊，吃了能让人身心愉悦。要是因此不喝了，说不定抑郁症都要出来了，我认识有人说他一天最美好的两个时刻，就是早上喝黑咖啡，下午喝1-2瓶啤酒。
文章里那么多证据表明酒精不好，要解渴有那么多选择，为什么非要去喝酒。无法理解。
人各有志、各自安好
我觉得自己是个endorphin junkie，不然不会喜欢长跑
想看自己有没有依赖，就是滴酒不进半年。
明知道一样东西（甜点，or 薯片，or starbucks）对自己不好、一定要去喝/吃，为啥呢？因为能让人身心愉悦
而不是靠喝酒，否则和吸毒有啥区别
毕竟跑完马吃一个donut喝一杯饮料都没关系。酒精对身体的影响太不同了
你要是写一个你很不明白明知道甜点对自己不好，但是一定要吃，为啥呢，大家就跑出来解释了，
我就会说，虽然我不爱吃甜点（真的），但是非常理解爱吃甜点， 因为能让人身心愉悦