"The UK Daily Telegraph reports the Oxford-Astrazeneca vaccine Phase I trial finds both antibodies and a T-cell response, telegraph.co.uk. (Behind a pay-wall.). Scientific publication is due in The Lancet on July 20th. A phase III trial in the UK is almost complete. They plan to move trials to Brazil and South Africa to better test for efficacy where the infection rate is higher. “If all goes well, the researchers hope the vaccine may be ready as early as October.” (That’s a heavily qualified statement, and the FDA might disagree with a researchers designation "ready.")"
very good article about Covid 19 immunity (antibodies & T Cell).
"Scientists who have spent months focused on the role of antibodies in fighting Covid-19 are beginning to suspect that a lesser known part of the immune system is equally crucial: T-cells.Evidence is emerging that T-cells, which can “remember” past infections and kill pathogens if they reappear, have a big influence on how long patients remain resistant to reinfection by Covid-19.The cells, whose size and complexity dwarf tiny antibodies, also appear to affect how well vaccines work and even the level of immunity in the community required to suppress new waves of disease.“Antibodies do look slightly precarious and transient in the blood, while there is a lot of evidence that T-cells are long lasting,” said Mala Maini, professor of viral immunology at University College London.People who recovered from Sars, the disease most closely related to Covid-19, in 2003 still show cellular immunity to that coronavirus 17 years later.T-cells, which circulate in the blood, might protect people who have been infected and recovered from the new coronavirus but have no detectable antibodies shortly thereafter."
除了疫苗之外，Gilead的inhaled version of 瑞德西韦是最有可能改变现状的，如果有效的话。
因为inhaled 瑞德西韦是可以在家就用的。如果测试在方便一些（在珍所就能测），那就差不多是感冒了。
APT 还在研发nasal vaccine for COVID 19.
https://www.siliconinvestor.com/readmsg.aspx?msgid=32837530
"The UK Daily Telegraph reports the Oxford-Astrazeneca vaccine Phase I trial finds both antibodies and a T-cell response, telegraph.co.uk. (Behind a pay-wall.). Scientific publication is due in The Lancet on July 20th. A phase III trial in the UK is almost complete. They plan to move trials to Brazil and South Africa to better test for efficacy where the infection rate is higher. “If all goes well, the researchers hope the vaccine may be ready as early as October.” (That’s a heavily qualified statement, and the FDA might disagree with a researchers designation "ready.")"
Never known until phase 3 is done. Hope it does work
如果真的到这程度就好解决多了啊
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/jul/16/coronavirus-vaccine-oxford-team-volunteers-lab-controlled-human-challenge-trial
Oxford team is planning lab controlled challenge test for its vaccine (after a person having the vaccine, expose the person to the virus).
最关心疫苗+1
不知道年底出疫苗乐不乐观
very good article about Covid 19 immunity (antibodies & T Cell).
"Scientists who have spent months focused on the role of antibodies in fighting Covid-19 are beginning to suspect that a lesser known part of the immune system is equally crucial: T-cells.Evidence is emerging that T-cells, which can “remember” past infections and kill pathogens if they reappear, have a big influence on how long patients remain resistant to reinfection by Covid-19.The cells, whose size and complexity dwarf tiny antibodies, also appear to affect how well vaccines work and even the level of immunity in the community required to suppress new waves of disease.“Antibodies do look slightly precarious and transient in the blood, while there is a lot of evidence that T-cells are long lasting,” said Mala Maini, professor of viral immunology at University College London.People who recovered from Sars, the disease most closely related to Covid-19, in 2003 still show cellular immunity to that coronavirus 17 years later.T-cells, which circulate in the blood, might protect people who have been infected and recovered from the new coronavirus but have no detectable antibodies shortly thereafter."
https://www.ft.com/content/5cf2ee49-df7a-4990-b337-860cf7737b2f?list=intlhomepage
有疫苗产能也得跟得上需求。其次，抗体产生得作用也有期限，3个月到半年。最后，控制速度要比病毒变异速度快。
我刚刚posted文章讨论了不仅是抗体有免疫作用， T Cell也有免疫作用。
就是说如果抗体没了，T Cell的免疫作用很有可能还在， 而且可能很长时间都存在。
Pfizer 和 Moderna的疫苗是mRNA基础上的，制造可以很快。
你不是说了“可能”吗？科学要很严谨的，我在组会回答老师问题用“可能”，会被老师骂。
你说很长时间的时候，要有合理的判断这个时间的范围（比如1年到2年），你说是不是？
针对新冠最重要的是T细胞
This article gives a very good background & review of current Covid 19 vaccines.
https://cendigitalmagazine.acs.org/2020/07/17/what-will-it-take-to-make-an-effective-vaccine-for-covid-19-2/content.html