A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for human emergence
Abstract The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV underscores the threat of cross-species transmission events leading to outbreaks in humans. Here we examine the disease potential of a SARS-like virus, SHC014-CoV, which is currently circulating in Chinese horseshoe bat populations1. Using the SARS-CoV reverse genetics system2, we generated and characterized a chimeric virus expressing the spike of bat coronavirus SHC014 in a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV backbone. The results indicate that group 2b viruses encoding the SHC014 spike in a wild-type backbone can efficiently use multiple orthologs of the SARS receptor human angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2), replicate efficiently in primary human airway cells and achieve in vitro titers equivalent to epidemic strains of SARS-CoV. Additionally, in vivo experiments demonstrate replication of the chimeric virus in mouse lung with notable pathogenesis. Evaluation of available SARS-based immune-therapeutic and prophylactic modalities revealed poor efficacy; both monoclonal antibody and vaccine approaches failed to neutralize and protect from infection with CoVs using the novel spike protein. On the basis of these findings, we synthetically re-derived an infectious full-length SHC014 recombinant virus and demonstrate robust viral replication both in vitro and in vivo. Our work suggests a potential risk of SARS-CoV re-emergence from viruses currently circulating in bat populations.
"Evaluation of available SARS-based immune-therapeutic and prophylactic modalities revealed poor efficacy; both monoclonal antibody and vaccine approaches failed to neutralize and protect from infection with CoVs using the novel spike protein"
SARS-based 抗体对新病毒没有效果，也可以理解，毕竟二者不完全相同。 【 在 obamaasia (ohyeah) 的大作中提到: 】 : "Evaluation of available SARS-based immune-therapeutic : and prophylactic modalities revealed poor efficacy; both monoclonal : antibody and vaccine approaches failed to neutralize and protect from : infection with CoVs using the novel spike protein" : 好厉害的生物武器 !!
Contributions V.D.M. designed, coordinated and performed experiments, completed analysis and wrote the manuscript. B.L.Y. designed the infectious clone and recovered chimeric viruses; S.A. completed neutralization assays; L.E.G. helped perform mouse experiments; T.S. and J.A.P. completed mouse experiments and plaque assays; X.-Y.G. performed pseudotyping experiments; K.D. generated structural figures and predictions; E.F.D. generated phylogenetic analysis; R.L.G. completed RNA analysis; S.H.R. provided primary HAE cultures; A.L. and W.A.M. provided critical monoclonal antibody reagents; and Z.-L.S. provided SHC014 spike sequences and plasmids. R.S.B. designed experiments and wrote manuscript.
Corresponding authors Correspondence to Vineet D Menachery or Ralph S Baric.
Zhengli-Li Shi 这篇文章石正丽的名字都印错了，这么大个错误为什么不更正？怕被别人查到自己有这个文章？
【 在 obamaasia (ohyeah) 的大作中提到: 】 : A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for : human emergence : Abstract : The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) : and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV underscores the threat of : cross-species transmission events leading to outbreaks in humans. Here we : examine the disease potential of a SARS-like virus, SHC014-CoV, which is : currently circulating in Chinese horseshoe bat populations1. Using the SARS- : CoV reverse genetics system2, we generated and characterized a chimeric : virus expressing the spike of bat coronavirus SHC014 in a mouse-adapted SARS : ...................
谢谢你的推荐，这么好的文章就发了plos...现在人真是不会抓重点，这事情感觉严重 了。 【 在 youdon (adong) 的大作中提到: 】 : 说石正丽组做recombinant viruses，为什么没人提这篇文章： : Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides new : insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus : https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat. : 1006698 : 文中对Construction of recombinant viruses写的很清楚呵。
PNAS文章的Acknowledgments: We thank Dr. Zhengli-Li Shi of the Wuhan Institute of Virology for access to bat CoV sequences and plasmid of WIV1- CoV spike protein.
Acknowledgements就是给个面子而已。 【 在 FAQ (曾经沧海横流) 的大作中提到: 】 : PNAS文章的Acknowledgments: We thank Dr. Zhengli-Li Shi of the Wuhan : Institute of Virology for access to bat CoV sequences and plasmid of WIV1-: CoV spike protein. : 那种东西没有上级主管部门的同意，她就能随意给人？如果说疫情是敌对势力的生物武 : 器造成的，她扮演的是什么角色？
A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for
human emergence
Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)
and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV underscores the threat of
cross-species transmission events leading to outbreaks in humans. Here we
examine the disease potential of a SARS-like virus, SHC014-CoV, which is
currently circulating in Chinese horseshoe bat populations1. Using the SARS-CoV reverse genetics system2, we generated and characterized a chimeric
virus expressing the spike of bat coronavirus SHC014 in a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV backbone. The results indicate that group 2b viruses encoding the
SHC014 spike in a wild-type backbone can efficiently use multiple orthologs of the SARS receptor human angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2),
replicate efficiently in primary human airway cells and achieve in vitro
titers equivalent to epidemic strains of SARS-CoV. Additionally, in vivo
experiments demonstrate replication of the chimeric virus in mouse lung with notable pathogenesis. Evaluation of available SARS-based immune-therapeutic and prophylactic modalities revealed poor efficacy; both monoclonal
antibody and vaccine approaches failed to neutralize and protect from
infection with CoVs using the novel spike protein. On the basis of these
findings, we synthetically re-derived an infectious full-length SHC014
recombinant virus and demonstrate robust viral replication both in vitro and in vivo. Our work suggests a potential risk of SARS-CoV re-emergence from
viruses currently circulating in bat populations.
https://www.nature.com/articles/nm.3985?fbclid=IwAR0iTTfDlT-uxNFPtvQH-
xFrF6QaF1hKE1Ey2TPrEi17XfFUElbpUlAosDc
"Evaluation of available SARS-based immune-therapeutic
and prophylactic modalities revealed poor efficacy; both monoclonal
antibody and vaccine approaches failed to neutralize and protect from
infection with CoVs using the novel spike protein"
好厉害的生物武器 !!
SARS-based 抗体对新病毒没有效果，也可以理解，毕竟二者不完全相同。
【 在 obamaasia (ohyeah) 的大作中提到: 】
: "Evaluation of available SARS-based immune-therapeutic
: and prophylactic modalities revealed poor efficacy; both monoclonal
: antibody and vaccine approaches failed to neutralize and protect from
: infection with CoVs using the novel spike protein"
: 好厉害的生物武器 !!
果然是个人造病毒。。。
那就更说明不是人工合成病毒，这说明SARS和武肺的S蛋白立体构型不一样，武肺的S蛋白是为了适应新宿主环境，自然进化突变而来的，
【 在 laojiang15 (水工) 的大作中提到: 】
: SARS-based 抗体对新病毒没有效果，也可以理解，毕竟二者不完全相同。
必须严查
到目前，没有证据证明病毒是人工合成的，纯属猜测。将一个不成熟的想法说出来，有时候可能被人恶意利用，也不奇怪。
【 在 lubbock34 (胡汉三又回来了) 的大作中提到: 】
: 那就更说明不是人工合成病毒，这说明SARS和武肺的S蛋白立体构型不一样，武肺的S蛋
: 白是为了适应新宿主环境，自然进化突变而来的，
Contributions
V.D.M. designed, coordinated and performed experiments, completed analysis
and wrote the manuscript. B.L.Y. designed the infectious clone and recovered chimeric viruses; S.A. completed neutralization assays; L.E.G. helped
perform mouse experiments; T.S. and J.A.P. completed mouse experiments and
plaque assays; X.-Y.G. performed pseudotyping experiments; K.D. generated
structural figures and predictions; E.F.D. generated phylogenetic analysis; R.L.G. completed RNA analysis; S.H.R. provided primary HAE cultures; A.L.
and W.A.M. provided critical monoclonal antibody reagents; and Z.-L.S.
provided SHC014 spike sequences and plasmids. R.S.B. designed experiments
and wrote manuscript.
Corresponding authors
Correspondence to Vineet D Menachery or Ralph S Baric.
石正丽提供了序列和质粒，实验设计不是她，通讯作者也不是她。
有间接没直接关系？
【 在 VVZhang (VVZhang) 的大作中提到: 】
: Contributions
: V.D.M. designed, coordinated and performed experiments, completed analysis
: and wrote the manuscript. B.L.Y. designed the infectious clone and
recovered
: chimeric viruses; S.A. completed neutralization assays; L.E.G. helped
: perform mouse experiments; T.S. and J.A.P. completed mouse experiments and
: plaque assays; X.-Y.G. performed pseudotyping experiments; K.D. generated : structural figures and predictions; E.F.D. generated phylogenetic analysis;
: R.L.G. completed RNA analysis; S.H.R. provided primary HAE cultures; A.L. : and W.A.M. provided critical monoclonal antibody reagents; and Z.-L.S.
: provided SHC014 spike sequences and plasmids. R.S.B. designed experiments : ...................
xFrF6QaF1hKE1Ey2TPrEi17XfFUIbpUIAosDc
石正丽英语论文刊登在国际著名期刊《Nature Medicine》（自然医学）的电子刊物上
。发布时间：2015年11月9日，更正于2016年4月6日。在论文中，明确写着：“为了研
究循环蝙蝠冠状病毒的出现可能性（即感染人类的可能性），我们构建了一种嵌合病毒”，并说“这种杂交病毒使我们能够评估这种新的棘突蛋白引起疾病的能力”；还说“在此基础上，我们合成了一株具有感染性的全长SHC014重组病毒，并证明了该病毒在体内外的复制能力”。
针对该份研究，《自然》期刊曾指出，其他病毒学家质疑这项研究的必要性，认为这种实验很难证明什么，且还蕴含极大风险，巴黎巴斯德研究所的病毒学家西蒙．韦恩-霍
布森（Simon Wain-Hobson）表示，研究人员创造了一种新型病毒，“如果病毒逃脱了
，没有人能够预测其发展轨迹。”
不是第一作者，活不是她干的；也不是联系作者，文章不是她写的；也就是一个挂名作者，名字很靠后，贡献很有限。她们实验室没有其他人参与干活，估计她提供了材料，她是老板，所以挂名了。
至少说明有connection吧
【 在 Noahgen () 的大作中提到: 】
: 不是第一作者，活不是她干的；也不是联系作者，文章不是她写的；也就是一个挂名作
: 者，名字很靠后，贡献很有限。她们实验室没有其他人参与干活，估计她提供了材料，
: 她是老板，所以挂名了。
信者恒信，这已经是对中国文化和中国人办事和中国政治文化的一种信任投票了。
新冠病毒是人造病毒的泄漏？新谣言错在哪里？ https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/
zV4T4xpFa-ljU5zanKD-DQ
Zhengli-Li Shi
这篇文章石正丽的名字都印错了，这么大个错误为什么不更正？怕被别人查到自己有这个文章？
【 在 obamaasia (ohyeah) 的大作中提到: 】
: A SARS-like cluster of circulating bat coronaviruses shows potential for
: human emergence
: Abstract
: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) : and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV underscores the threat of : cross-species transmission events leading to outbreaks in humans. Here we : examine the disease potential of a SARS-like virus, SHC014-CoV, which is
: currently circulating in Chinese horseshoe bat populations1. Using the
SARS-
: CoV reverse genetics system2, we generated and characterized a chimeric
: virus expressing the spike of bat coronavirus SHC014 in a mouse-adapted
SARS
: ...................
这就是一篇预警的文章，可惜几年来没有得到任何重视！
吃野味，人们要在这个大坑了摔了一个又一个跟头，头破血流！
中国学生物和（西）医学的SB真可谓是畜牲遍地走，婊子多如蛆。中国很多（在国内外）学生物和（西）医学的SB都是以霉国猪为首的白皮猪的贴心肉便器。都是些什么鸡巴玩意，整天道貌岸然的秀优越感，憎恨自己的血缘和文化。草泥马。
并不需要她是原创作者
既然知道了原作者的思路和方法，有没有可能依葫芦画瓢，创造出其他类似的人造病毒？比如这次的武汉病毒？
【 在 Noahgen () 的大作中提到: 】
: 不是第一作者，活不是她干的；也不是联系作者，文章不是她写的；也就是一个挂名作
: 者，名字很靠后，贡献很有限。她们实验室没有其他人参与干活，估计她提供了材料，
: 她是老板，所以挂名了。
说石正丽组做recombinant viruses，为什么没人提这篇文章：
Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirushttps://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.
1006698
文中对Construction of recombinant viruses写的很清楚呵。
谢谢你的推荐，这么好的文章就发了plos...现在人真是不会抓重点，这事情感觉严重
了。
【 在 youdon (adong) 的大作中提到: 】
: 说石正丽组做recombinant viruses，为什么没人提这篇文章：
: Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides
new
: insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus
: https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.
: 1006698
: 文中对Construction of recombinant viruses写的很清楚呵。
这不是那个发明瑞德西韦的老板baric实验室的文章么，石正丽作者最后一个，估计是
因为提供序列信息，友情挂个名字，这锅也要石正丽背？
baric还有个更好的文章呢，https://www.pnas.org/content/113/11/3048，他们合成
的新型冠状病毒感染原代人的上皮细胞，还通过ACE2受体，这文章没中国人名字了，这锅谁背？
从还没封城，买买提和文学城就开始有人带武汉的节奏了，你们还真是替国内同胞担忧呢。
【 在 gamesover (Where am I?) 的大作中提到: 】
: 并不需要她是原创作者
: 既然知道了原作者的思路和方法，有没有可能依葫芦画瓢，创造出其他类似的人造病毒
: ？比如这次的武汉病毒？
PNAS文章的Acknowledgments: We thank Dr. Zhengli-Li Shi of the Wuhan
Institute of Virology for access to bat CoV sequences and plasmid of WIV1-
CoV spike protein.
那种东西没有上级主管部门的同意，她就能随意给人？如果说疫情是敌对势力的生物武器造成的，她扮演的是什么角色？
【 在 sdsfbym (sdsfbym) 的大作中提到: 】
: 这不是那个发明瑞德西韦的老板baric实验室的文章么，石正丽作者最后一个，估计是
: 因为提供序列信息，友情挂个名字，这锅也要石正丽背？
: baric还有个更好的文章呢，https://www.pnas.org/content/113/11/3048，他们合成
: 的新型冠状病毒感染原代人的上皮细胞，还通过ACE2受体，这文章没中国人名字了，这
: 锅谁背？
: 从还没封城，买买提和文学城就开始有人带武汉的节奏了，你们还真是替国内同胞担忧
: 呢。
Acknowledgements就是给个面子而已。
【 在 FAQ (曾经沧海横流) 的大作中提到: 】
: PNAS文章的Acknowledgments: We thank Dr. Zhengli-Li Shi of the Wuhan
: Institute of Virology for access to bat CoV sequences and plasmid of WIV1-: CoV spike protein.
: 那种东西没有上级主管部门的同意，她就能随意给人？如果说疫情是敌对势力的生物武
: 器造成的，她扮演的是什么角色？
谢谢，那么这篇文章名字叫什么？我翻墙无法下载
【 在 sdsfbym (sdsfbym) 的大作中提到: 】
: 这不是那个发明瑞德西韦的老板baric实验室的文章么，石正丽作者最后一个，估计是
: 因为提供序列信息，友情挂个名字，这锅也要石正丽背？
: baric还有个更好的文章呢，https://www.pnas.org/content/113/11/3048，他们合成
: 的新型冠状病毒感染原代人的上皮细胞，还通过ACE2受体，这文章没中国人名字了，这
: 锅谁背？
: 从还没封城，买买提和文学城就开始有人带武汉的节奏了，你们还真是替国内同胞担忧
: 呢。