引用 @lxw0218 发表的: 我把我回复另外一个jr的也给你回复一次。 先说关于你说的,文中说 In contrast, the B type is the most common type in East Asia, and its ancestral genome appears not to have spread outside East Asia without first mutating into derived B types, pointing to founder effects or immunological or environmental resistance against this type outside Asia 对于为什么B只在东亚大流行而欧美很少,他一口气提了三个假设的可能,所以他们自己都并没有做出明确的解释。
至于A,先摘录原文 There are two subclusters of A which are distinguished by the synonymous mutation T29095C. In the T-allele subcluster, four Chinese individuals (from the southern coastal Chinese province of Guangdong) carry the ancestral genome, while three Japanese and two American patients differ from it by a number of mutations. These American patients are reported to have had a history of residence in the presumed source of the outbreak in Wuhan. The C-allele subcluster sports relatively long mutational branches and includes five individuals from Wuhan, two of which are represented in the ancestral node, and eight other East Asians from China and adjacent countries. It is noteworthy that nearly half (15/33) of the types in this subcluster, however, are found outside East Asia, mainly in the United States and Australia. 关于A的两个亚型,文章中做了详细的描述 A分为T和C两个亚型,T亚型中,四个中国病例拥有祖先基因组,三个日本病例和两个美国的T亚型病例有部分突变,其中美国的T亚型病例有武汉旅居史。C亚型具有较长的突变分支,包括五个武汉病例,其中两个具有祖先节点,8个来自中国和其他临近的东亚国家,值得注意的是,C亚型接近一半(15/33)的病例来自美国和澳大利亚
引用 @lxw0218 发表的: 我把我回复另外一个jr的也给你回复一次。 先说关于你说的,文中说 In contrast, the B type is the most common type in East Asia, and its ancestral genome appears not to have spread outside East Asia without first mutating into derived B types, pointing to founder effects or immunological or environmental resistance against this type outside Asia 对于为什么B只在东亚大流行而欧美很少,他一口气提了三个假设的可能,所以他们自己都并没有做出明确的解释。
至于A,先摘录原文 There are two subclusters of A which are distinguished by the synonymous mutation T29095C. In the T-allele subcluster, four Chinese individuals (from the southern coastal Chinese province of Guangdong) carry the ancestral genome, while three Japanese and two American patients differ from it by a number of mutations. These American patients are reported to have had a history of residence in the presumed source of the outbreak in Wuhan. The C-allele subcluster sports relatively long mutational branches and includes five individuals from Wuhan, two of which are represented in the ancestral node, and eight other East Asians from China and adjacent countries. It is noteworthy that nearly half (15/33) of the types in this subcluster, however, are found outside East Asia, mainly in the United States and Australia. 关于A的两个亚型,文章中做了详细的描述 A分为T和C两个亚型,T亚型中,四个中国病例拥有祖先基因组,三个日本病例和两个美国的T亚型病例有部分突变,其中美国的T亚型病例有武汉旅居史。C亚型具有较长的突变分支,包括五个武汉病例,其中两个具有祖先节点,8个来自中国和其他临近的东亚国家,值得注意的是,C亚型接近一半(15/33)的病例来自美国和澳大利亚
你截取的这段还特地把武汉称为“presumed source of the outbreak”,你所谓的众所周知武汉是源头有相关科学论证吗?另外你口中的T1早于T2,武汉是源头,所以广东案例大概率由境外传进(我进一步解读为:境外概率大于境内),没看懂这个逻辑,请问你是如何体现出境外概率大于境内的?而且所谓的存在祖先序列的个体感染一定早于感染变体的吗?
Results showed type A was the most prevalent in Australia and the US, which has recorded more than 400,000 COVID-19 cases. Two-thirds of American samples were type A - but infected patients mostly came from the West Coast, and not New York.
Dr Peter Forster and team found the UK was mostly being bombarded with type B cases, with three quarters of samples testing as that strain. Switzerland, Germany, France, Belgium and the Netherlands were also dominated by type B.
文章解释了啊,A一个亚型是三个有武汉旅居史的美国人。
一句话,这文章与其说是质疑武汉发源,不如说是建立在武汉发源的假设上。
按照这个推测,结合A型病毒绝大部分存在于美国、澳洲。起源更有可能是美国。
这几个携带A型病毒的来武汉,结果大规模传染给武汉人,变成了B型。
那是你的推测···不是文章的推测,文章做的是重构传播路径,而不是说确定发源地。
只能说目前比较圆满吧,随着研究的深入这些解释肯定不够看吧,也是因为现在研究有限,所以作者也没涉及太多起源问题。而且通讯是美国外籍院士,走的推荐不是审稿
sent for review March 17, 2020; reviewed by Toomas Kivisild and Carol Stocking
有审稿。
当然,我也承认我的看法肯定从中国人的角度看的,挺不客观的
美国是c
那去年国内倒闭了这么多电子烟厂不是可惜了吗,
细思极恐,为什么西方在中国如此惨烈抗疫后依然很自信觉得病毒没什么大影响,为什么特朗普说没人比他更懂病毒,恐怕他们早就知道,只是人算不如天算病毒在欧洲变异了。
因为武汉的样本数据是12-24号开始的,那会武汉本身已经是2-3代传播了。国内的基本都是武汉2-3代传播者感染的,所以B型为主。美国和澳洲的是感染更早的,所以携带A型,但有武汉居住史。这个指向还不明显吗?这个提供A型的美国人是零号病人溯源的重要线索,但他有武汉居住史。另外文章提了A型也在云南的蝙蝠和国内的穿山甲发现。这个是原始数据和路径溯源,更清楚。
美国是A,C是欧洲的
顶你上去
pnas比较特殊,有两种投稿方式,要看第一个词是edited还是contributed,我没记错的话院士推荐的话是自己指定审稿人。我没有质疑文章水平问题,水平肯定很高,我只是说后续的研究可能能讲出更好的故事,毕竟现在还是研究早期
非杠,我也是不懂就问,这种追到几十年前或者上百年的的病毒,什么a变异到b,b变异到c的,这个“变异”词语,非常关键,是怎么就确定是a变异出来的b???就因为有相同的一段基因??只是这样似乎也不太严谨吧,人和小白鼠也有相同的基因,总不能说人可能是小白鼠的“变异”吧?如果这种说法能成立,那是不是后面也可以将病毒a是由某个国家的某种病毒“变异”而来的呢??
我觉得对于这个病毒变异,需要更强大,更严谨的证据,比如a病毒,在某个特定的条件下,变成了b病毒,这个变异过程,有完完整整的被记录下来,那么就可以实锤了,否则,只用相同的基因就推测是变异,不够严谨
求求步行街那些不懂英文的大哥们,你们花点时间用用脑子看看机器翻译,剑桥是说病毒来自武汉。
非杠,你这还是属于猜测而已,真正的实锤,应该是病毒a,在某种特定的情况下,变异成b,这种变异全过程,完完整整的在实验室被记录下来。这才是实打实的证据,而不是说变异,就变异。
甩锅电子烟就尼玛离谱
等着你发表意见呢,扯其他的干啥
你截取的这段还特地把武汉称为“presumed source of the outbreak”,你所谓的众所周知武汉是源头有相关科学论证吗?另外你口中的T1早于T2,武汉是源头,所以广东案例大概率由境外传进(我进一步解读为:境外概率大于境内),没看懂这个逻辑,请问你是如何体现出境外概率大于境内的?而且所谓的存在祖先序列的个体感染一定早于感染变体的吗?
C亚型起源于中国,为什么解释不了美国盛行C亚型?你是通过相关科学背景作出的判断还是纯粹直接瞎蒙?
谁他么告诉你欧美都是A
美国和澳洲大部分是A
英国和一些欧洲国家大部分是B
Results showed type A was the most prevalent in Australia and the US, which has recorded more than 400,000 COVID-19 cases. Two-thirds of American samples were type A - but infected patients mostly came from the West Coast, and not New York.
Dr Peter Forster and team found the UK was mostly being bombarded with type B cases, with three quarters of samples testing as that strain. Switzerland, Germany, France, Belgium and the Netherlands were also dominated by type B.
上班了?🐶🐶🐶🐶🐶🐶🐶🐶🐶🐶🐶🐶🐶
没有人比他更会甩锅
你看他现在不说电子烟和流感的事了。
可惜了罗太君
大流感死亡率本来就不正常。
现在美国才检测了200万人,。
确诊新冠40万。
美国有3.3亿总人口。
你觉得1000万新冠有可能吗?
1:A型有两个亚群,一个与部分武汉病例有关,一个在美国和澳大利亚很常见。
2:武汉最为流行的病毒B型源于A型。
3:目前在美国蔓延肆虐的病毒属于A型。
都说这么明白了,还我的阅读能力堪忧?你还“北大文曲星”呐?
带哲学家
英文4级过了?🐶
再说这种学术的事靠三脚猫功夫推测,到头来最怕是要搬起石头砸自己的脚,又创造一个机会让繁体字人酸,严谨点很重要。
川普:没有人比我更懂甩锅了
这东西本身也不是什么好东西,一来是玩电子烟比真烟烧钱很,二来是很多新手玩电子烟不会玩,抽着抽着抽到糊味也不知道该换什么东西,然后接着抽,这是有害的。说来其实电子烟那个味道真的没有真烟好,不过倒是也有喜欢抽的人
50万了