Q Another tack is to introduce what Eberhardt calls friction into the system. When the founders of the social networking company Nextdoor saw that too many “suspicious character” postings on its online bulletin boards were based solely on race, they called Eberhardt in to consult. From her advice, they created a checklist so people logging on had to specify suspicious behavior before describing appearance. That friction caused people to evaluate their reasoning before making bias-based assumptions, and the incidence of racial profiling fell by more than 75%. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/meet-psychologist-exploring-unconscious-bias-and-its-tragic-consequences-society Jennifer Eberhardt has devised virtual reality programs for training police to conduct traffic stops more respectfully. LIPO CHING
Q Another tack is to introduce what Eberhardt calls friction into the system. When the founders of the social networking company Nextdoor saw that too many “suspicious character” postings on its online bulletin boards were based solely on race, they called Eberhardt in to consult. From her advice, they created a checklist so people logging on had to specify suspicious behavior before describing appearance. That friction caused people to evaluate their reasoning before making bias-based assumptions, and the incidence of racial profiling fell by more than 75%. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/meet-psychologist-exploring-unconscious-bias-and-its-tragic-consequences-society Jennifer Eberhardt has devised virtual reality programs for training police to conduct traffic stops more respectfully. LIPO CHING EvenOdd 发表于 2021-08-29 14:01
斯坦福大学心理学教授詹妮弗-艾伯哈特是麦克阿瑟研究员,她在Biased一书认为,一旦你的大脑建立了思维固化,就很难改变。
艾伯哈特教授说,人类大脑在进化过程中具有"同族优势",她声称,如果罪犯与受害者来自不同的种族,这种内在的偏见往往会导致罪犯的错误指认。
她以奥克兰唐人街黑人青少年抢夺钱包的故事作比喻。这些中年华裔妇女认为他们都长得很像,无法识别他们。
黑人偷华人妇女的东西,导致华裔妇女们以偏概全,认为所有黑人男子都很危险。人类依靠这种固化的分类来管理信息。
艾伯哈特教授指出,随着时间的推移,这种类别划分,会被感官认知、记忆和知识所填充,这些知识会告知人们的感受和行动。确认偏见,并驱使人们寻找支持他们这种固化思维的信息。
他们不会看到与他们的想法相矛盾或挑战他们自我意识的事实。她发现,这强化了刻板印象,导致了"隐性偏见"。
艾伯哈特教授说,美国白人常常把非洲裔美国人与侵略性联系在一起,这种偏见也会传给孩子。 (还记得昨天我贴的那个埃默里大学的老鼠试验吗?)
在下看来,我们形成这样的思维固化,或者偏见,你也可以说歧视,就是大脑的节能方式,也可以说是偷懒模式。
这也是人类在进化过程中,以最小资源损耗来保全自己的策略。
作为原始人的你,当看到草丛中隐隐的一个虎狼轮廓,你会不会说,来来来,乐观思维,可能只是风吹草动,巧合,巧合而已?
然而,人类已经进化到今天,这种远古的策略是否还是最有效的策略呢?
https://www.amazon.com/Biased-Uncovering-Hidden-Prejudice-Shapes/dp/0735224951/ref=sr_1_2?crid=3T5GJC64N0K41&dchild=1&keywords=bias+book&qid=1630252084&s=books&sprefix=bias+bo%2Caps%2C217&sr=1-2
搞社会学和搞自然科学有不同的体系和方法,大脑心理研究的挺忌讳拿种族来说事。
Q Another tack is to introduce what Eberhardt calls friction into the system. When the founders of the social networking company Nextdoor saw that too many “suspicious character” postings on its online bulletin boards were based solely on race, they called Eberhardt in to consult. From her advice, they created a checklist so people logging on had to specify suspicious behavior before describing appearance. That friction caused people to evaluate their reasoning before making bias-based assumptions, and the incidence of racial profiling fell by more than 75%. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/03/meet-psychologist-exploring-unconscious-bias-and-its-tragic-consequences-society
感谢分享!
+1 回楼主的问题,不是节能,而是不得不做预判,不可能等待所有的信息和信息的处理结果,所以就根据以往经验做预判。只能说对预判保持一个开放心态是很重要的。