Abstract The COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has brought about an unprecedented crisis, taking a heavy toll on human health, lives as well as the global economy. There are no SARS-CoV-2-specific treatments or vaccines available due to the novelty of this virus. Hence, rapid development of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed. Here we developed a pilot-scale production of a purified inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccine candidate (PiCoVacc), which induced SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies in mice, rats and non-human primates. These antibodies potently neutralized 10 representative SARS-CoV-2 strains, indicative of a possible broader neutralizing ability against SARS-CoV-2 strains circulating worldwide. Immunization with two different doses (3 μg or 6 μg per dose) provided partial or complete protection in macaques against SARS-CoV-2 challenge, respectively, without any antibody-dependent enhancement of infection. Systematic evaluation of PiCoVacc via monitoring clinical signs, hematological and biochemical index, and histophathological analysis in macaques suggests that it is safe. These data support the rapid clinical development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines for humans.
We next evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of PiCoVacc in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), a non-human primate species that shows a COVID-19-like disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection (13). Macaques were immunized three times via the intramuscular route with medium (3 μg per dose) or high doses (6 μg per dose) of PiCoVacc at day 0, 7 and 14 (n=4). S-specific IgG and NAb were induced at week 2 and rose to ~12,800 and ~50, respectively at week 3 (before virus challenge) in both vaccinated groups, whose titers are similar to those of serum from the recovered COVID-19 patients (Fig. 3A and 3B). Unexpectedly, NAb titer (61) in medium dose immunized group was ~20% more than that observed (50) in high dose vaccinated group at week 3, possibly due to individual differences in the ability of one animal in medium dose group in eliciting ~10-fold higher titer when compared to the other 3 (Fig. 3B). Excluding this exception, NAb titer in medium dose group would drop down to 34, ~40% lower than that in high dose group. Subsequently, we conducted a challenge study by a direct inoculation of 106 TCID50of SARS-CoV-2 CN1 into the animal lung through intratracheal route at day 22 (one day after the third immunization) in vaccinated and control macaques to verify the protective efficacy. Expectedly, all control (sham and placebo) macaques showed excessive copies (104-106/ml) of viral genomic RNA in pharynx, crissum and lung by day 3-7 post-inoculation (dpi) and severe interstitial pneumonia (Fig. 3C-3F). By contrast, all vaccinated macaques were largely protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection with very small histopathological changes in lung, which probably were caused by a direct inoculation of 106 TCID50 of virus into the lung through intratracheal route, that needed longer time (more than one week) to recover completely (Fig. 3F). Viral loads decreased significantly in all vaccinated macaques, but increased slightly in control animals from day 3-7 after infection (Fig. 3C-3E). All four macaques that received the high dose, had no detectable viral loads in pharynx, crissum and lung at day 7 after infection. In medium dose immunized group, we indeed partially detected the viral blip from pharyngeal (3/4), anal (2/4) and pulmonary (1/4) specimens at day 7 after infection, whilst viral loads presented a ~95% reduction when compared to the sham groups (Fig. 3C-3E). Interestingly, NAb titer in vaccinated groups decreased by ~30% by 3 days post infection to neutralize viruses, then rapidly increased from day 5-7 after infection to maintain its potent neutralization efficacy. In comparison with high dose vaccination group (titer of ~145), higher NAb titers observed in medium dose vaccinated group at day 7 after infection (~400 for 4 macaques; ~300 for 3 macaques, if the one outlier is discarded) might have resulted from relatively low level of viral replication, suggesting a requirement of longer time for complete viral clearance. No antibody-dependent enhancement of infection (ADE) was observed for any vaccinated macaques despite the observation that relatively low NAb titer existed within the medium dose group before infection, offering partial protection.
胜利在望。
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.17.046375v1.article-metrics
Rapid development of an inactivated vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 Qiang Gao, Linlin Bao, Haiyan Mao, Lin Wang, Kangwei Xu, minnan Yang, Yajing Li, Ling Zhu, Nan Wang, Zhe Lv, Hong Gao, Xiaoqin Ge, Biao Kan, Yaling Hu, Jiangning Liu, Fang Cai, Deyu Jiang, Yanhui Yin, Chengfeng Qin, Jing Li, Xuejie Gong, Xiuyu Lou, Wen Shi, Dongdong Wu, Hengming Zhang, Lang Zhu, Wei Deng, Yurong Li, Jinxing Lu, Changgui Li, Xiangxi Wang, Weidong Yin, Yanjun Zhang, Chuan Qin
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.17.046375 This article is a preprint and has not been certified by peer review [what does this mean?].
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Abstract The COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has brought about an unprecedented crisis, taking a heavy toll on human health, lives as well as the global economy. There are no SARS-CoV-2-specific treatments or vaccines available due to the novelty of this virus. Hence, rapid development of effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed. Here we developed a pilot-scale production of a purified inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccine candidate (PiCoVacc), which induced SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies in mice, rats and non-human primates. These antibodies potently neutralized 10 representative SARS-CoV-2 strains, indicative of a possible broader neutralizing ability against SARS-CoV-2 strains circulating worldwide. Immunization with two different doses (3 μg or 6 μg per dose) provided partial or complete protection in macaques against SARS-CoV-2 challenge, respectively, without any antibody-dependent enhancement of infection. Systematic evaluation of PiCoVacc via monitoring clinical signs, hematological and biochemical index, and histophathological analysis in macaques suggests that it is safe. These data support the rapid clinical development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines for humans.
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已经开始了,一期二期同时进行。
首个新冠疫苗动物实验数据出炉 结果积极
第一财经
2020-04-20 21:37:04
作者:马晓华 责编:秦新安
这给期待新冠疫苗的人们带来了希望
国内已有2家机构的新冠病毒灭活疫苗进入I期临床试验阶段,它们的有效性和安全性如何?
4月20日,由中国医学科学院秦川团队领衔的团队,在预印本论文平台bioRxiv上传研究文章。这是目前为止公开报道的第一个新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)疫苗动物实验结果。
该疫苗可在小鼠、大鼠和非人类灵长类动物中诱导SARS-CoV-2特异性中和抗体。这些抗体有效地中和了10个代表性SARS-CoV-2菌株,表明可能对全球流行的SARS-CoV-2菌株具有更广泛的中和能力。研究并表明,该疫苗是安全的。
这些数据的公开,给期待新冠疫苗的人们带来了希望。
研究者从中国、意大利、瑞士、英国、西班牙等新冠肺炎患者的支气管肺泡灌洗液中分离出11个病毒毒株,包含新冠病毒的1个毒株广泛分布在所有可用基因序列构成的系统发生树上,这在一定程度上代表了循环中群。
为了评价新冠灭活疫苗的免疫原性,研究者对小鼠进行了不同剂量的实验,佐剂为明矾,在第0天和第7天注射,未观察到炎症和不良反应。
研究者在第0天和第7天给小鼠接种后,未观察到炎症或其他不良反应。研究者首先检测了免疫原性,结果显示,SARS-CoV-2的S蛋白和RBD特异性的IgG迅速被诱导出来,在第6周达到峰值。其中,RBD特异性的IgG占S蛋白抗体反应的一半,表明RBD是主要的免疫原,这一结果也与恢复期的COVID-19患者的血清学特征相似。值得注意的是,与恢复期COVID-19患者血清相比,PiCoVacc诱导出了更高滴度的S蛋白特异性抗体。接下来,研究者使用微中和测定(MN50)检测SARS-CoV-2特异性中和抗体在一段时间内的水平。结果显示,高剂量免疫的中和抗体在第一周出现,在第二周加强免疫后显著增加,而对照组则未检测到SARS-CoV-2特异性抗体反应。作者随后在大鼠中以及对不同毒株的实验中也得到了相似的结果。
随后研究者在恒河猴中进行攻毒实验,首先接种疫苗,在第0、7和14天接种三次两种剂量(3ug和6ug),结果显示,S蛋白的异性的IgG和中和抗体在第2周被诱导出来,并在第3周继续增加。滴度与恢复期的COVID-19患者的血清相似。随后研究者在第22日(第三次免疫后一天)进行攻毒,结果显示,与对照组相比,接种过疫苗的恒河猴病毒肺部组织病理变化显著减小。此外,病毒载量也显著下降,在6ug组感染后第七天,咽喉、肛门和肺部都检测不到病毒。也未发生ADE现象。
研究者又通过观测临床指标和生化指数验证了该疫苗的安全性,所有接种疫苗的恒河猴均未发现发烧和体重减轻现象,且食欲和精神状态都保持正常。淋巴细胞亚群比例(CD3+、CD4+ 和CD8+)以及关键细胞因子(TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4、IL-5和IL-6)表明与对照组相比均没有显著变化。此外,第29天对肺、心、脾、肝、肾和脑在内的各种器官组织的病理学评估表明,PiCoVacc也没有引起显著的病理学特征,以上结果表明了PiCoVacc在恒河猴中具有安全性。
希望有效,进步就是希望。但是估计美国这边不敢用不会用,要自己研发的才相信。这边效率流程估计一年半。
没关系,美国人民很驯良,政府慢效率低下一些习惯了。
不是,那是另一个思路的疫苗,腺病毒表达冠状病毒刺突蛋白的。
也有很大成功几率。
不过要我选接种哪种,我选灭活的。产生有效免疫力几率更大,产生免疫记忆几率更大。
那个没有吧,那个是RNA疫苗,可以跳过动物试验。成功率么,不好说,目前还没有一个批准了的人用RNA 疫苗。
大约多久推出?
谁爱信谁信吧……这两个货还说陈秋实是大外宣,TG故意放毒用来省养老金。
嗯,可以,耐心等美国货。
陈薇那个二期五百例估计已经打完了。
中国疫苗顺利的话,下半年可以大规模打了。有条件的回去接种。
听穆桂英的人的脑子还是别来说事了
哈哈哈哈哈哈
我以为是骂印度人的呢,哈哈
不太可能为了这个回去,希望能卖到这边来吧。
在受病毒攻击之后,接种过疫苗的猴子肺部组织病理也出了问题,但是,还是比不接种疫苗的猴子好。有疫苗比没有疫苗好?
猴子很可怜,高浓度病毒是直接喷进支气管的,疫苗组肺部也会有一些炎症反应的。抗体和病毒要在肺部战斗一阵子的。所以,相对正常肺组织,也会有一些改变。都会恢复正常的,最终。对照组,那肺就全完了。
我没法儿贴图,自己去PDF里看,
总统胡来不代表其他人都会跟着胡来,感谢三权分立感谢联邦制。
如果加州能和比亚迪签单,美国从中国进口疫苗也就不是什么大问题。当然,前提是疫苗真的安全有用。
表示怀疑,ccp如果真有这么好的疫苗,他们会给世界用?连口罩这么没有技术含量的事情,卖给外国,既盈利又创造好声誉的事情都做不好,还指望他们的疫苗能用来帮助世界吗?他们要是真有疫苗,就会得瑟上天了。
国内的疫苗不敢相信。还是把宝贵的资源留给相信ccp和它的研究人员的人用吧。
这种烈性传染病的疫苗,在保证自己国家供应之后,肯定要卖给其他国家的,否则分分钟再传回来
这个二期真快啊,一期都不用观察两天,呵呵呵,为了赶全球首例不惜一切
给大家个对等阴谋论平衡一下。
美国不是发源地,搞什么对等?
你想多了,现在美国公司在中国生产的口罩还卡在深圳和上海的仓库里呢。到时候说不定买疫苗要先买华为和加入一带一路才行
我懒得贴完整了,Fort Detrick工作人员和军运会运动员是兄妹还是什么亲戚,带到武汉,传给湖北人,变异爆发,或者干脆就是投毒也没准儿。阴谋论不要证据的,可能性串起来就行。
武汉病毒所被造了那么多阴谋论,美国P4一样可以造出来。
美国怎么不做灵长类,Fort Detrick被关就是灵长类病毒实验泄露被关。
口罩和ppe都不卖,何况疫苗?不能用正常脑子来想某些天天想要外道超车的人的心思
做任务真不容易,要装傻充愣自黑智商。
欧洲也能做
陈微不是开发过阿波拉的疫苗,用的不是同样的原理吗?
我对陈微的新冠疫苗还抱很大期望呢。
就是,不管哪儿做的,科學驗證最重要,比政治驗證重要。
政治驗證是五毛和輪子們的事。
Re疫苗接种又不强迫,想打那家的就打那家。
哪家做出来都大赞!
就是個疫苗的消息,願意參考的參考,和政治無關,五毛和輪子就請繞道一下吧,謝謝。
本来还以为开玩笑。现在,这么认真,请你贴出非中文的证据来,不然,不要到美国网站造谣!你如果说不要证据,那么这个毒可能就是你家开的一个秘密疯人研究所人工造出的。你需要细节,我也可以写出来。
曾经认识一个faculty做神经系统的用猴子,然后收到子弹,威胁他不准再用猴子。反正后来他吓的只做老鼠了。想想老鼠的脑子和人差的真是十万八千里。不过美国很多公司用猴子。
纽约前两天刚改变标准,放出来3000多以前没算的死亡病例,你也评论一下?
别造谣啊,哪里说自带抗体了? 分明说得是疫苗诱导出抗体嘛,很好。
武汉病毒所最早是在2019年12月30日收到武汉市金银潭医院送来的不明原因肺炎样品,立即组织力量、连续72小时攻关,于2020年1月2日确定2019新冠病毒的全基因组序列,1月5日分离得到病毒毒株,为确定病原、开展病毒检测、药物筛选研发提供了重要基础。在此之前,我们所根本没有这个病毒。
写呗。阴谋论一分钱两打。多写点。
你指望像gilead那样是不可能的,能高价卖合格疫苗给海外就算tg政府良心发现了。
不过无所谓了,tg这疫苗最后如何也不好说,能保护大部分中国老百姓就谢天谢地了!
急了?
急嘛啊,看见脑残觉着好玩儿。
狗急跳墙了?
单个神经元级别差别小点,系统级别差异可就大了