The national shortage of N95 respirator masks can be traced back to 2009 after the H1N1 swine flu pandemic, when the Obama administration was advised to replenish a national stockpile but did not, according to reports from Bloomberg News and the Los Angeles Times. The Trump administration is scrambling to replenish a stockpile of protective medical gear for healthcare workers and patients as the coronavirus sweeps across the nation. N95 respirator masks are one of the most needed medical supplies amid the outbreak. The George W. Bush administration published the National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza plan in 2005, which called on the federal government to distribute medical supplies from the Strategic National Stockpile governed by the Health and Human Services Department in the event of an outbreak. In 2009, the H1N1 outbreak hit the United States, leading to 274,304 hospitalizations, 12,469 deaths, and a depletion of N95 respirator masks. A federally backed task force and a safety equipment organization both recommended to the Obama administration that the stockpile be replenished with the 100 million masks used after the H1N1 outbreak. Charles Johnson, president of the International Safety Equipment Association, said that advice was never heeded. “Our association is unaware of any major effort to restore the stockpile to cover that drawdown,” he said. HHS Secretary Alex Azar reported last month that only 12 million N95 masks were available in the stockpile, “a tiny fraction of the 3.5 billion masks one of Azar’s deputies later testified the nation’s healthcare system would need,” the Los Angeles Times noted. Bloomberg Newsreported similar findings last week, noting, "After the H1N1 influenza outbreak in 2009, which triggered a nationwide shortage of masks and caused a 2- to 3-year backlog [of] orders for the N95 variety, the stockpile distributed about three-quarters of its inventory and didn’t build back the supply.” Bloomberg reported that the Trump administration had asked construction companies to "donate their inventory of N95 masks to your local hospital and forgo additional orders of those industrial masks” and the Defense Department would provide 5 million N95 masks and 2,000 ventilators to help bridge the gap. Johns Hopkins University’s coronavirus tracker reported 35,225 confirmed COVID-19 cases in the U.S. as of Monday. Vice President Mike Pence, who heads the administration’s coronavirus task force, said on Sunday that a quarter-million people had been tested for the virus, with 9 out of 10 people testing negative. "The FDA is working with manufacturers around the company to come up with faster, more innovative tests," he said.
当年stockpile 全用光了没补的话，现在的stockpile 从哪里来的？ 何况好多还过期了 ” One other problem: expired equipment.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said Feb. 28 that some items in the U.S. stockpiles have exceeded their manufacturer-designated shelf life. They are nevertheless being sent to hospitals "due to the potential urgent demand caused by the COVID-19 public health emergency," the CDC said.
Effective masks are critical because the virus is often absorbed through the mouth or nose from droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. But the elastic straps affixing the mask to the face could be degraded and snap, causing the mask to fall and exposing the user to a virus. Or the foam material that touches the nose could be so degraded that it would make the seal around the face ineffective.
Kimberly Clark, a company that makes the mask, told customers two years ago that certain models should be disposed of if beyond their shelf life, the CDC said. Users of masks that have exceeded the shelf life should be notified and told to inspect them and make seal checks, the CDC advised.”
赞日本 5 min ago Japanese investment group donates 1.4 million respirator masks to New York From CNN's Business Japanese investment group Softbank announced on Tuesday that it is donating 1.4 million N95 respirator masks to New York state. In an internal memo obtained by CNN, Marcelo Claure, COO of SoftBank, said the masks were for “those on the front lines testing, preventing, and treating the spread of this virus in New York, the current epicenter of the pandemic in the US.” The company will also ship an additional 100,000 masks to several cities in Latin America, where he said help is desperately needed.
From April 12, 2009 to April 10, 2010, CDC estimated there were 60.8 million cases (range: 43.3-89.3 million), 274,304 hospitalizations (range: 195,086-402,719), and 12,469 deaths (range: 8868-18,306) in the United States due to the (H1N1)pdm09 virus.
他也有责任，但是当时共和党议员主张砍pandemic 的funding” Roll Call correspondent Niels Lesniewski an from the publication in which Collins was forced to defend her refusal to include pandemic flu funding in an economic stimulus package two months earlier, several months into the Great Recession”
请大家为自己行动吧 我没有twitter账号，专门注册了三个twitter账号给CDC,WHO, WebMD,Trump,Pence,white house, Assistant to Trump, 各个参议员， fox news, cnn, cbs, abc等等发推，提出了要复工的两个建议： 1. 轮岗复工，举个例子，一个上午来一个下午来，交接班工作尽量通过网络联系。也可以减少工作时间，相当于降薪。 2.以前没有口罩，所以忽悠大家戴口罩无用。现在要复工，可以再给公众说最新发现这个病毒无症状传染，所以需要人人戴口罩。可以用家里的face towel加rubber band来快速做口罩，我已经把youtube链接附上。 现在的问题是发多了就把我当机器人不让发了。三个账号都用完了。我现在是坚持每天发三次。每天给这些人发推的人很多，只有我们大家一起发，才有可能被他们看到。发的内容我已经写好 Wearing masks is the key because infected people without symptoms can spread the virus without even realizing it. We can fold a face towel a couple of times and pull the ends with a pair of rubber bands to make a face mask, which can block small droplets from other people.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nE0EuDHMfZ4
A lot of hospitals in U.S. are now taking face masks home-made with towels and cloth. We can also sandwich a sanitary napkin with paper towels to make a mask. https://nj1015.com/how-to-make-your-own-face-mask/ For cities with a low population density where most people drive to work, a semi-lockdown is doable with minimal hurt to the economy. In each unit of a company, one employee can work from 7am to 2pm, and the other one can work from 2:20pm to 9:20pm, and the handover can be done virtually. Companies can also take measures like cutting hours, setting up virtual meetings by technology, etc.
https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/los-angeles-times-and-bloomberg-news-federal-stockpile-of-n95-masks-was-depleted-under-obama-and-never-restocked
https://abc14news.com/2020/03/23/reports-obama-admin-used-up-the-stockpile-of-n95-masks-but-never-replenished-the-supply-despite-recommendations-to-do-so/
The national shortage of N95 respirator masks can be traced back to 2009 after the H1N1 swine flu pandemic, when the Obama administration was advised to replenish a national stockpile but did not, according to reports from Bloomberg News and the Los Angeles Times.
The Trump administration is scrambling to replenish a stockpile of protective medical gear for healthcare workers and patients as the coronavirus sweeps across the nation. N95 respirator masks are one of the most needed medical supplies amid the outbreak.
The George W. Bush administration published the National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza plan in 2005, which called on the federal government to distribute medical supplies from the Strategic National Stockpile governed by the Health and Human Services Department in the event of an outbreak.
In 2009, the H1N1 outbreak hit the United States, leading to 274,304 hospitalizations, 12,469 deaths, and a depletion of N95 respirator masks.
A federally backed task force and a safety equipment organization both recommended to the Obama administration that the stockpile be replenished with the 100 million masks used after the H1N1 outbreak.
Charles Johnson, president of the International Safety Equipment Association, said that advice was never heeded. “Our association is unaware of any major effort to restore the stockpile to cover that drawdown,” he said.
HHS Secretary Alex Azar reported last month that only 12 million N95 masks were available in the stockpile, “a tiny fraction of the 3.5 billion masks one of Azar’s deputies later testified the nation’s healthcare system would need,” the Los Angeles Times noted.
Bloomberg Newsreported similar findings last week, noting, "After the H1N1 influenza outbreak in 2009, which triggered a nationwide shortage of masks and caused a 2- to 3-year backlog [of] orders for the N95 variety, the stockpile distributed about three-quarters of its inventory and didn’t build back the supply.”
Bloomberg reported that the Trump administration had asked construction companies to "donate their inventory of N95 masks to your local hospital and forgo additional orders of those industrial masks” and the Defense Department would provide 5 million N95 masks and 2,000 ventilators to help bridge the gap.
Johns Hopkins University’s coronavirus tracker reported 35,225 confirmed COVID-19 cases in the U.S. as of Monday.
Vice President Mike Pence, who heads the administration’s coronavirus task force, said on Sunday that a quarter-million people had been tested for the virus, with 9 out of 10 people testing negative.
"The FDA is working with manufacturers around the company to come up with faster, more innovative tests," he said.
川总上台都有三年多了吧
得算到16年吧。 钱可能给穷人发手机去了
奥巴马做得很烂，不过这不是trump 政府没有补的借口。 HHS 新头上任之后应该清点库存的， 可惜没做到
可以first in, first out地向需要的地方提供啊，不就能持续更新了？又不傻。
3M网上说口罩的shelf life是5年。所以我认为我们可以blame Obama在15~16年没有为现在这次危机储存足够的masks，要不然现在正好可以在过期之前用一下。
这个当年真的一点都不知道，好奇怪，美帝不是啥都瞒不住吗？
奥巴马对美国社会造成的破坏，实在太严重，救都救不过来，随便哪个地方都是地雷都是坑。
反过来可能是布什政府比较重视，可能遭遇了911，以后各方面防备做的比较好。
trump也一样。完全没想过这头，估计连美国有这玩意儿都不知道。
说起来，得谢谢克林顿，这stockpile是他搞起来的。没他，现在更傻眼。
不知者不罪，用了居然不还，跟无赖一样。天作孽犹可违 ，自作孽不可活
川普一直到2月五号弹劾才搞定。不在推特上掐架，你觉得哪个媒体会为他发声？民主党是万恶之源
“As Coronavirus Grips US, Critics Remember Susan Collins' Insistence Pandemic Flu Funding Be Cut From 2009 Stimulus Package”
https://www.commondreams.org/news/2020/03/13/coronavirus-grips-us-critics-remember-susan-collins-insistence-pandemic-flu-funding
怎么可能一样？
奥巴马是自己无能，然后全美媒体+学术界，集体捧臭脚，就像时尚杂志和好莱坞，把母巴马捧成全美最时尚女人。
他把联邦stockpile用光了不还，H1N1死了成千上万的人，但没有任何一个人敢去揭他的老账，结果就是贻害千年。
川普面对这次危机，虽然被奥巴马坑了，但有各方面的监督批评。
以后不但stockpile会恢复，美国还会大幅增加生产线、提升国内的制造能力。
用h1n1的感染和死亡标准 这次连大号流感都不是。。。。。
民主党以"莫须有"搞弹劾搞了三年多，
对国家造成巨大损害，
不是他们，这次对疫情的处理，也不至于这么糟糕。
” One other problem: expired equipment.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said Feb. 28 that some items in the U.S. stockpiles have exceeded their manufacturer-designated shelf life. They are nevertheless being sent to hospitals "due to the potential urgent demand caused by the COVID-19 public health emergency," the CDC said.
Effective masks are critical because the virus is often absorbed through the mouth or nose from droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. But the elastic straps affixing the mask to the face could be degraded and snap, causing the mask to fall and exposing the user to a virus. Or the foam material that touches the nose could be so degraded that it would make the seal around the face ineffective.
Kimberly Clark, a company that makes the mask, told customers two years ago that certain models should be disposed of if beyond their shelf life, the CDC said. Users of masks that have exceeded the shelf life should be notified and told to inspect them and make seal checks, the CDC advised.”
https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/03/18/business/ap-us-virus-outbreak-supplies.html
O8是做的不好，但就是10年全补回来100 million mask, 现在不过期的有多少, 而且即使不过期，也远不够现在的需求
还吹个毛线啊，现在连口罩都没有就想让人复工了。
一听你就是从来没用过推特。用过的看过川普推的人绝不会说他在"掐架出风头"，你以为他的推是人民日报环球时报，天天吹嘘习近平那种? 够无知!推特川普跟美国人民交流的平台，主流媒体妖魔化，断章取义，他用这个平台为自己发声，正言，有错吗?
要说出风头，也不能怪川普，谁让他接地气，自带网红体质呢。
奥巴马有部分责任，但是川普有主要责任，他解散了白宫以致cdc 本身的专家委员会。
+1
问题是现在CDC没有protocol 让医护戴口罩。 CDC的问题很大啊。
从隔壁医院不让护士戴口罩楼里出来
现在看起来这些人尸位素餐，确实可以开了。政府本来就人员过大，人越多，越容易互相推诿，官僚盛行。就应该减员，所有人的职责清晰，才能更有效率行事。
不懂就别瞎扯
你到底对美国有多了解啊？
美国总统拍脑袋根本就没用。总统怎么下令企业生产口罩？首先得有钱。有了钱才好办事，钱是国会批的。总统的和大家一起，才能办事。你看现在，国会还没有批新冠救助法案呢。怪谁喔？
民主党在现在的法案中的诉求不少啊。可不是吗，好不容易来一个机会，All IN：公司董事会多元化; 赎回邮政系统，消除所有邮政贷款; 减免所有学生贷款至少1万; 强制所有州必须允许提前投票，并且可以允许选民选举日当天注册; 航空公司必须在2050 年减排50%; 航空公司必须披露每个航班的碳排放; 给新闻报纸业退休人员补贴退休金; 小时工资最低标准$15; 强制给付联邦工会成员给工会工作的工资; 免费手机计划；自动延长非移民签证.
昨天我读了半天，还是不明白这些和新冠的关联在哪里？当然媒体上都说，共和党的Proposal 倾向于公司；民主党不满意，加了条款保护劳工。我就找啊找，没找着。
美国不死死几百个人，你觉得国会会批钱？
很懵圈，大号流感这个说法怎么了，流感很可怕的啊，而且都是冠状病毒。
武汉死了那么多人，2 个月 ，2 个月 trump 瞎了吗？ 觉得高高在上的us 白人不会得是吧。
现在的媒体简直是丧心病狂啊，总是以为自己手握真理，引导潮流
为了黑而黑
三者一比较，高下立见啊
现在的问题是资本家不想生产，故意不生产吗？问题是产业链不在美国，现在很多工厂在改装去生产救急物资。马克思理论很害人的。妖魔化资本家，觉得只要把这些人打倒了，世界的问题都解决了。
非也。老川上台的时候，美国千疮百孔，就拿边境来说，老川花了老鼻子力气才做到现在这样。还要兼顾大法官任命，改税法。解决朝鲜危机，后来伊朗危机。重新谈各种贸易，和中国打贸易战。
最可悲的是，要应付同俄门调查，弹劾角力。更不要说每天还要应付媒体各种鸡蛋里挑骨头的行为。我个人觉得老川做很多了。
老川本来就是本着经济去的。医疗系统问题根本不在他的目标里。也不在主党的目标里。要不是经历这次疫情，谁知道美国医疗系统那么弱？
但是生产链问题老川早提出来了。美国过于依赖中国的问题，老川早提出来了？当初有多少支持度？
出事情了，检讨别人容易，当初那些支持TPP的人要不要自我检讨一下？要不是生产链外移，如今怎么会生产不了口罩？
两个月也建不起足够的生产线的。一条生产线得几个月 。你想想，全世界绝大多数口罩都是中国造，武汉早期还不是裸奔了一两个月。美国还剩多少生产线？产业链还全不全？扩容哪里那么容易。 武汉出事再反应，瞎不瞎都晚了。
NM 猪党这三年来都干啥了，弹劾闹剧2月才消停了，还信誓旦旦的说还要弹。还不许老床在tweeter上怼了？
z真是罪人
川普从上台那天起就被明珠党主流媒体抗议调查弹劾一直到现在，真是一天没歇，你觉得他上推是出风头，我觉他是在保命，如果没有党争的话，川普可以把精力花在更多实事上面。现在的你们一股脑骂川普，怎么不想想二月他还在被弹劾？
rerere.
有的责任还是推卸不了。中国疫情爆发到美国开始重视中间隔了一两个月，看中国什么用量大也就该警觉自己有没有短缺。这种环境还是各自保住别得，谁知道医疗系统螺丝松不松
re。国外疫情开始爆发美国全被弹劾卡住
还有一堆不友善媒体
就冲民主党这种不惜美国崩溃也要把trump拉下台的德行，谁敢投它啊
以前我是不相信主力媒体对他的报道百分之九十是负面，认为是Trump阵营的单方说法。
这次疫情处理，某天我刚好听完了当天的briefing， 后来做饭的时候又打开电视看CNN，发现CNN的一个host 主持的节目故意截取Trump说的一句话，然后又截取某些专家的一两句话，然后就看图说话演了一番。 如果不是当天我正好听完了完整的briefing， 我还真发现不了。
以小见大吧
十年，其中奥巴马占了7年， 他用了储备一直不补。
Trump也是有责任，不知道是疏忽了导致他不知道这个储备不足的情况，还是知道了也不愿花钱补。
反正也建不起来了，就发个low risk忽悠一下大家吧，反正糊弄到那儿是哪儿，万一砸了就甩锅，反正I alone can fix it. 呵呵呵。
看美国政治家，真是一茬不如一茬。
From April 12, 2009 to April 10, 2010, CDC estimated there were 60.8 million cases (range: 43.3-89.3 million), 274,304 hospitalizations (range: 195,086-402,719), and 12,469 deaths (range: 8868-18,306) in the United States due to the (H1N1)pdm09 virus.
出书等等，赚了那么多钱，也没见它良心受谴责
川普炒股票？你丫监狱里睡糊涂了吧。
看看它都做了些什么?
川普要是这一个多月补货，就要在1、2月限制出口，限制对武汉的各种民间援助，想一想如果他真这样做了，当时会发生什么吧。我记得二月中的时候咖啡因mm发个帖子说不要把美国的医疗用品掏空了，版上多少人怼她（我就不说骂她了），现在美国这样都傻眼了。
还说川普当机立断停航还是很有直觉的，可惜后面措施没有跟上，原因很多，可能觉得断航了就能防住，也可能后来报告上来的消息就是大家觉得不过一个大流感。决策的失误不是川普一个人的，全国的科学家都没有一个提出警示的。
过期l了也比没有强啊
也不能全怪奥巴马吧，他虽然是总统，不可能事无巨细全都知道吧，具体是谁负责这块呢？CDC？
这是要甩锅给科学家了？给你新闻链接了。还全国的科学家没一个提出警示。说出这话就知道自己多不科学了。
https://forums.huaren.us/showtopic.aspx?topicid=2523300&page=12
那版上这么多什么都怪川普的是怎么想的。。。
主要是没钱。08年经济危机，被华尔街那班吸血鬼搞惨了。
Trump 忽视了几乎所有科学家的警示，然后甩锅说是中国应该去年9月份就告诉美国。
他也有责任，但是当时共和党议员主张砍pandemic 的funding” Roll Call correspondent Niels Lesniewski an from the publication in which Collins was forced to defend her refusal to include pandemic flu funding in an economic stimulus package two months earlier, several months into the Great Recession”
https://www.commondreams.org/news/2020/03/13/coronavirus-grips-us-critics-remember-susan-collins-insistence-pandemic-flu-funding
而且主楼说的当时推荐100million的stockpile 即使奥巴有钱都补回来，也根本不够现在的需求。2月底就说 “Health care workers may need 300 million masks in the event of an outbreak, he added.” https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/25/health/coronavirus-us.html
当然现在这么大的需求量也是谁都预想不到的
民主党竟干些祸在千秋的事情。克林顿的WTO不要忘了。现在他后悔了，霍霍了20年。
要不是wto赚了几万亿，包子敢搞5毒所造出这么厉害的病毒？有几个毒王能全世界到处撒毒？
当然了，如果美国能够在武汉封城的时候预料到欧美大爆发，根本就不会允许把美国的医疗用品掏空的。当时他弹劾案结束第一件事情就是断航，被WHO和各国左左骂的跟狗屎一样。
这些都忘光光了。个个那个剧本念：美国有两个月时间准备，巴拉巴拉巴拉。
搞笑，中国一个月进口了20亿口罩都远不够。跟在中国后面搞爆发了那个国家不傻眼？
可能过期前就放到市上， 然后补充新的。 肯定有程序的
这个，我悄悄的说，美国医生有些真是心大。一方面是他们都听CDC和医院的guideline，另一方面是他们在职业生涯里什么都见多了。比如各种稀奇古怪的传染病等等，他们在住院医阶段接触太多，有的说要传染早传上了。
在普通人看来简直是心大的不可思议。他们还觉得我等普通人神经过敏。
没有做任何准备，这么多参议员都在忙着卖股票，哪有精力管普通人的死活
奥八也是的
Too big too fail 就是在他那里开始的
还雇了个什么aig的前ceo做财长
Feds send supplies from stockpiles but some items are old or expired, officials say
别挑了这玩意有比没有好。
还有这种事？！负责人是谁呢？这种具体的事不该总统亲自过问吧。至少得有个负责人，这是渎职罪吧。
想想奥巴家朋友高收费做的奥巴care网站，就恶心。人家有水平做的滴水不露规章齐全挑不出毛病。