The High Cost of Health Care in America The United States spends more on health care as a percentage of GDP than other developed countries, but Americans are less healthy http://www.wsj.com/graphics/american-health-care-costs/
America spent more than 17% of its gross domestic product on medical care and drugs in 2014. Yet our life expectancy at birth was only 78.8 years according to the latest data available--lower than most developed countries. Why does health care cost so much, and why aren’t we healthier? Prices Are Generally Higher in the U.S. Health care in America is a fragmented market, with a variety of public and private payers negotiating prices with pharmaceutical companies, device makers, hospitals and doctors. Government payers have limited ability to say no to costly care. In most other developed nations, state-run health systems are the only large buyer of health care, and they set limits on prices. Sometimes they refuse to pay for drugs or procedures if they deem the cost unjustified.
In 2015, the International Federation of Health Plans (IFHP) released a pricing survey for a selection of specialty prescription drugs and medical procedures in seven countries. The selection of drugs and procedures was limited, but showed higher pricing in the U.S. According to the same IFHP study, prices for common medical procedures were often higher in the U.S. than in other countries. Average cost for common procedures and hospital care Hover over circles to see country name Americans Are Less Healthy Despite higher spending and greater access to modern care, the U.S. has a higher mortality rate from common chronic conditions, such as lung, liver and heart disease, than most developed countries. Mortality rates for common diseases and chronic conditions, 2013 Hover over circles to see country name
The High Cost of Health Care in America The United States spends more on health care as a percentage of GDP than other developed countries, but Americans are less healthy http://www.wsj.com/graphics/american-health-care-costs/
America spent more than 17% of its gross domestic product on medical care and drugs in 2014. Yet our life expectancy at birth was only 78.8 years according to the latest data available--lower than most developed countries. Why does health care cost so much, and why aren’t we healthier? Prices Are Generally Higher in the U.S. Health care in America is a fragmented market, with a variety of public and private payers negotiating prices with pharmaceutical companies, device makers, hospitals and doctors. Government payers have limited ability to say no to costly care. In most other developed nations, state-run health systems are the only large buyer of health care, and they set limits on prices. Sometimes they refuse to pay for drugs or procedures if they deem the cost unjustified.
In 2015, the International Federation of Health Plans (IFHP) released a pricing survey for a selection of specialty prescription drugs and medical procedures in seven countries. The selection of drugs and procedures was limited, but showed higher pricing in the U.S. According to the same IFHP study, prices for common medical procedures were often higher in the U.S. than in other countries. Average cost for common procedures and hospital care Hover over circles to see country name Americans Are Less Healthy Despite higher spending and greater access to modern care, the U.S. has a higher mortality rate from common chronic conditions, such as lung, liver and heart disease, than most developed countries. Mortality rates for common diseases and chronic conditions, 2013 Hover over circles to see country name
ScottishFold 发表于 3/16/2017 9:15:54 PM
You gotta be kidding me. 这篇文章是讲healthcare spending的不是讲research funding的好么，偷换概念等天黑点儿再干成么。research funding能做什么，自己看看去。
NIH-funded research can have powerful effects on the health of the nation and the world. Discoveries have led to new ways to treat, diagnose, and prevent illness. The following represent some key areas in which NIH-funded discoveries have helped to make people healthier: Americans are Living Longer Between 1970 and 2013, the life expectancy of the average American increased by eight years, from 70.8 to 78.8.1 Between 1969 and 2013, the death rate in the U.S. for all causes has decreased by 43%, from 1279 per 100,00 people to 730.2 Babies are Being Born Healthier In 1960, 26 of every 1,000 babies born in the United States died before their first birthday. By 2013, that rate had fallen to under 6 per 1,000 babies.3 This is thanks in large part to NIH research on reducing preterm births, neonatal mortality, and other complications. Since the mid-1990s, NIH research has informed implementation of HIV testing and preventive interventions that resulted in a more than 90% decrease in the number of children perinatally infected with HIV in the United States, according to CDC.4 NIH-funded research has found that women with lupus can expect a safe pregnancy if their disease is inactive5, and has helped to identify which lupus patients are at risk for the most severe pregnancy complications.6 Heart Disease, Stroke, and Diabetes Are Less Deadly Deaths from heart disease fell 67.5% from 1969 to 2013, through research advances supported in large part by NIH.7 The Framingham Heart Study and other NIH-supported research have identified risk factors for heart disease, such as cholesterol, smoking, and high blood pressure. This work has led to new strategies for preventing heart disease. In 1995, an NIH-funded clinical trial established the first FDA-approved treatment for the most common type of stroke,8 the drug tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Since 1950, the stroke mortality rate has decreased by 79%,9 due in part to NIH-funded research on treatments and prevention. Despite the increasing prevalence of diabetes in the U.S., from 1969 to 2013 the death rate for adults with diabetes declined by 16.5%.10 Between 1990 and 2010, the rates of major diabetes complications dropped dramatically, particularly for heart attacks, which declined by 68%, and stroke, which declined by 53%.11 These improvements are due largely to clinical trials supported by NIH. NIH’s Diabetes Prevention Program has shown that lifestyle changes, such as diet and physical activity, can lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 58% in adults at high risk for the disease.12 Advances in Preventing and Treating Cancer The death rate for all cancers combined has been declining since the early 1990s for adults and since the 1970s for children. Overall cancer death rates have dropped by about 1.5% per year, or nearly 15% in total from 2003 — 2012. The American Cancer Society estimates that 1.7 million cancer deaths were averted from 1991 — 2012 (nearly 1.2 million in men and 512,100 in women) by improvements in cancer treatment, detection, and prevention.13 Between 2003 and 2012, breast cancer death rates for women declined by about 2% per year, or nearly 20% in total. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in the United States (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer). NIH-supported research has helped identify major breast cancer subtypes and led to the development of treatments that are tailored to the cancers’ specific molecular profiles.14 Lung cancer is the second most common cancer15 and the leading cause of cancer-related death in both men and women in the United States. NIH-funded research has contributed to lowering the lung cancer death rate by 2.75% per year in men and 1.4% per year in women between 2003 and 2012.16 New targeted therapies such as erlotinib (Tarceva) and crizotinib (Xalkori) have led to dramatic responses in people whose lung cancers harbor particular genetic mutations. Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men in the United States. NIH-supported research has improved treatments for prostate cancer. Partly because of these advances, between 2003 and 2012, the prostate cancer death rate dropped by 3.5% per year, or nearly 35% in total.17 Due in part to groundbreaking NIH research, three FDA-approved vaccines, Cervarix, Gardasil, and Gardasil 9, are now available to prevent infection by human papillomaviruses (HPV) that can cause cervical cancer. Thanks to the development of Gleevec®, supported in part by NIH, patients with a new diagnosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) can now expect to live an essentially normal lifespan.18 Research in cancer immunotherapy has led to the development of several new methods of treating cancer by restoring or enhancing the immune system’s ability to fight the disease. As researchers develop new approaches to overcoming tumor avoidance of immune destruction and new methods for identifying antigens on tumor cells that can be targeted most effectively, immunotherapy is becoming an integral part of precision medicine.19 Fighting Infections In the early 1980s when the HIV/AIDS epidemic began, people infected with the virus were not likely to live longer than a few years. Thanks to an unprecedented collaborative effort between NIH and industry, today:
Treatments can suppress the virus to undetectable levels. A 20-year-old HIV-positive adult living in the United States who receives these treatments is expected to live into his or her early 70s, nearly as long as someone without HIV.20 Death rates have dropped more than 62% between 1987 and 2013.21
The haemophilus influenza type B (Hib) vaccine has reduced the cases of Hib, once the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children, by more than 99%.22 NIH intramural researchers played a crucial role in developing the first licensed hepatitis A vaccine, contributing to a 92% decline in hepatitis A rates since 1995.23 Hepatitis B infection once caused untreatable, fatal illness. Due to intensive vaccination programs based on NIH research, the rate of acute hepatitis B has fallen by more than 80% since 1980.24 A diagnosis of hepatitis C once meant months and months of painful drug injections. Thanks in part to NIH research, there are effective pills for treating hepatitis C.25 NIH intramural scientists were the first to identify rotavirus, the most common cause of childhood diarrhea worldwide, in 1974 and partnered with industry to create the first rotavirus vaccine in 1998.26 NIH intramural scientists performed pioneering work to develop the antifungal drugs amphotericin B and flucytosine, which treat the most common fungal brain infection in patients with weakened immune systems, including AIDS patients.27 Understanding Drug Abuse and Addiction In the last three decades, scientists funded by NIH have discovered much about the risks and mechanisms that lead to drug abuse and addiction in adolescents. This has informed new approaches to prevention. Today, the rate of daily cigarette smoking by teenage students is below 6%, its lowest point since 1975, when the NIH-funded Monitoring the Future (MTF) survey began tracking drug use and attitudes of teens.28 The same study found that alcohol use by teenagers is down to its lowest point since 1975.29 Between 1996 and 2014, over 26,000 opiate overdoses were reversed by non-medical personnel using naloxone, developed in large part from NIH research.30 NIH-supported researchers partnered with a pharmaceutical company to produce a naloxone nasal spray, the first easy-to-use, non-injectable version of a life-saving treatment for opioid or heroin overdoses.31 NIH-supported researchers collaborated with the pharmaceutical industry to develop the drug buprenorphine, the first drug for opioid addiction that could be prescribed in a doctor’s office instead of requiring daily visits to a clinic.32 Progress in Treating Lost Neural Function As a result of NIH efforts, nearly all infants born in U.S. hospitals in 2010 were screened for hearing loss, up from as few as one-tenth of infants born in 1993, allowing them to get hearing aids or cochlear implants during their developmental years when they will be most helpful.33 According to the FDA, approximately 324,000 cochlear implants have been implanted worldwide, in roughly 58,000 U.S. adults and 38,000 U.S. children.34 Studies have shown that screening and implantation before the age of 18 months allows more than 80% of children with hearing loss to join mainstream classes with their normal-hearing peers.35 NIH-supported research has driven the development of hearing aids from the first electronic hearing devices invented in the 1950s to the sophisticated digital devices available today. Building on advances in stimulating the nervous system with electricity, emerging neurostimulation technologies have the promise of restoring vision36 and movement after paralysis and traumatic injury.37 Deep brain stimulation is used to help relieve symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, thanks in part to NIH-funded research,38 and is currently being tested in other neuropsychiatric conditions, such as treatment-resistant depression and dementia.39 More People Are Surviving Injuries In the mid-1970s, burns that covered even 25% of the body were almost always fatal.40 Today, people with burns covering 90% of their bodies can survive.41 NIH-funded research on wound cleaning, skin replacement, infection control, and other topics has greatly improved the chances of surviving catastrophic burns and traumatic injuries. From 1969 to 2013, the death rate from unintentional injuries decreased almost 40%, from 65.1 per 100,000 people to 39.2.42 From 1990 to 2010, the death rate per 100,000 people from motor vehicle traffic injury decreased 39%, from 18.5 to 11.3. Survivors are healthier, with a higher of quality of life. These dramatic advances are due in large part to research.43 Blazing a Path for Innovations in Treatment The first human liver transplantation was performed by an NIH grantee in 1967.44 NIH intramural researchers, in conjunction with several university partners, held the first large clinical trials of lithium as a mood stabilizer, supporting its FDA approval in 1970.45 NIH intramural scientists developed the first cell-targeted enzyme replacement therapy for Gaucher disease and conducted the first successful clinical trial in 1991, providing a new gold-standard therapy for a rare genetic deficiency.46 NIH intramural researchers spearheaded studies in the 1940s and 1950s that showed the rate of tooth decay fell more than 60% in children who drank fluoridated water, laying the foundation for a major component of modern dental health.47 NIH intramural researchers pioneered the treatment of the rare disease lipodystrophy using a synthetic form of the fat-derived hormone leptin, which was FDA-approved as a treatment in 2014.48 NIH-funded research helped lead to the development of tofacitinib (approved by the FDA in 2012), the first new rheumatoid arthritis drug in more than a decade that can be taken as a pill (rather than an injection) to slow or halt joint damage. NIH research led to breakthrough treatments for a family of rare autoinflammatory diseases,49 including familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), neonatal onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Receptor-Associated Periodic Syndrome (TRAPS), and Deficiency of the Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist (DIRA). The NIH Clinical Center conducted much of the genetic research that led to a potential therapy, as well as the clinical trials that proved the therapy could be effective. NIH maintains the Undiagnosed Diseases Program (UDP), started in 2008, to help connect patients and researchers to find the right diagnosis for tricky diseases. The UDP has received thousands of applications since opening, with approximately 10% of the program’s patients receiving a full diagnosis, and a further 30% gaining partial diagnosis.50
话说美国已经是全球军力最强的，军费也已经快达到全球各个国家的总和了，按说这么多的军费要保家卫国是绝对能胜任的，那么还要继续增加几百亿的军费着实是有点看不明白。。。
美国人不是真爱很少干这个的，国人很多是因为身份，钱，高大上的名号，不是真心喜欢的东西钱一砍可不叫苦连连？ ---发自Huaren 官方 iOS APP
你这是瞎扯，没强大的军队美国才是要灭亡，美国不知道要发生多少次911。
科研的经费应该减，但是可以更合理的regulate它的分配。
前面好几个ID都出来说了，很多都是有才华，企业都抢的啊，既然这么有才华，怕什么呢，有的学校教授的项目和公司合作呢，或者换个公司工作不就行了吗。
如果只是普通研发人员就是个饭碗的话，就别说的那么高尚了，没钱就实际一点。
中国人和印度人相比的话，在学术圈还算占领的不错，多少来美国的华人，靠学校生活的，先是靠读书出来，然后是在学校工作，不管是做博后，技术员还是老板，总还是份工作。就连后代也得靠学术圈，中国人社交人脉不怎么样，孩子想念医学院，学术圈的关系就算少的可怜，多少也是关系，也能用上。
基础研发这种既不涉及国家安全，又没有眼前经济效益的，在经济不好的时候当然是要砍的，美国的药物研发很贵，但是美国的药卖到国外却比美国贵很多很多，被其它国家压价，美国就是花钱在补贴全世界，这是非常不合理的。
但是是针对所有literature（包括一些差杂志）
☆ 发自 iPhone 华人一网 1.11.08
奥巴当然是垃圾了，造出来个ISIS。现在的军费就是保护美国国家安全，震慑过去占美国便宜的国家，美国能贸易谈判捞到更大利益的时候，你们才会有好日子过，所以说你们这帮人就是除了研发什么都不懂。
干嘛要那么死脑筋呢，川普现在的政策对私企好，学校不行了，可以去私企吗，真有才华的怕什么。
来来，看看WSJ 这篇文章再来扯什么研发对美国人健康有多少好处。各种药价医疗费用都是其它国家的几倍，但是美国人的健康却远远低于其它国家。很多CHARTS不是图片贴不上来，都是有数据证明的。美国的医疗费用药价是其它国家的几倍，因为研发很贵，但其它国家不愿意出，压美国的药价，很多研发费用都转嫁到美国人身上。
The High Cost of Health Care in America The United States spends more on health care as a percentage of GDP than other developed countries, but Americans are less healthy
http://www.wsj.com/graphics/american-health-care-costs/
America spent more than 17% of its gross domestic product on medical care and drugs in 2014. Yet our life expectancy at birth was only 78.8 years according to the latest data available--lower than most developed countries.
Why does health care cost so much, and why aren’t we healthier?
Prices Are Generally Higher in the U.S. Health care in America is a fragmented market, with a variety of public and private payers negotiating prices with pharmaceutical companies, device makers, hospitals and doctors. Government payers have limited ability to say no to costly care. In most other developed nations, state-run health systems are the only large buyer of health care, and they set limits on prices. Sometimes they refuse to pay for drugs or procedures if they deem the cost unjustified.
In 2015, the International Federation of Health Plans (IFHP) released a pricing survey for a selection of specialty prescription drugs and medical procedures in seven countries. The selection of drugs and procedures was limited, but showed higher pricing in the U.S.
According to the same IFHP study, prices for common medical procedures were often higher in the U.S. than in other countries.
Average cost for common procedures and hospital care Hover over circles to see country name
Americans Are Less Healthy Despite higher spending and greater access to modern care, the U.S. has a higher mortality rate from common chronic conditions, such as lung, liver and heart disease, than most developed countries.
Mortality rates for common diseases and chronic conditions, 2013 Hover over circles to see country name
别人不像你这种没了经费就活不下去，真有本事的人走到哪里都可以给社会做贡献。
比如doe里nuclear weapon program的钱增加了，但是相关science的钱并没有
花纳税人的钱就要问问纳税人愿不愿意了。这次政府也要裁员的，因为纳税人不干了。有本事你自己当老板，不然就是要看老板和纳税人的脸色的
You gotta be kidding me. 这篇文章是讲healthcare spending的不是讲research funding的好么，偷换概念等天黑点儿再干成么。research funding能做什么，自己看看去。
https://www.nih.gov/about-nih/what-we-do/impact-nih-research/our-health
NIH-funded research can have powerful effects on the health of the nation and the world. Discoveries have led to new ways to treat, diagnose, and prevent illness. The following represent some key areas in which NIH-funded discoveries have helped to make people healthier:
Americans are Living Longer
Between 1970 and 2013, the life expectancy of the average American increased by eight years, from 70.8 to 78.8.1
Between 1969 and 2013, the death rate in the U.S. for all causes has decreased by 43%, from 1279 per 100,00 people to 730.2
Babies are Being Born Healthier
In 1960, 26 of every 1,000 babies born in the United States died before their first birthday. By 2013, that rate had fallen to under 6 per 1,000 babies.3 This is thanks in large part to NIH research on reducing preterm births, neonatal mortality, and other complications.
Since the mid-1990s, NIH research has informed implementation of HIV testing and preventive interventions that resulted in a more than 90% decrease in the number of children perinatally infected with HIV in the United States, according to CDC.4
NIH-funded research has found that women with lupus can expect a safe pregnancy if their disease is inactive5, and has helped to identify which lupus patients are at risk for the most severe pregnancy complications.6
Heart Disease, Stroke, and Diabetes Are Less Deadly
Deaths from heart disease fell 67.5% from 1969 to 2013, through research advances supported in large part by NIH.7
The Framingham Heart Study and other NIH-supported research have identified risk factors for heart disease, such as cholesterol, smoking, and high blood pressure. This work has led to new strategies for preventing heart disease.
In 1995, an NIH-funded clinical trial established the first FDA-approved treatment for the most common type of stroke,8 the drug tissue plasminogen activator (tPA).
Since 1950, the stroke mortality rate has decreased by 79%,9 due in part to NIH-funded research on treatments and prevention.
Despite the increasing prevalence of diabetes in the U.S., from 1969 to 2013 the death rate for adults with diabetes declined by 16.5%.10 Between 1990 and 2010, the rates of major diabetes complications dropped dramatically, particularly for heart attacks, which declined by 68%, and stroke, which declined by 53%.11 These improvements are due largely to clinical trials supported by NIH.
NIH’s Diabetes Prevention Program has shown that lifestyle changes, such as diet and physical activity, can lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 58% in adults at high risk for the disease.12
Advances in Preventing and Treating Cancer
The death rate for all cancers combined has been declining since the early 1990s for adults and since the 1970s for children. Overall cancer death rates have dropped by about 1.5% per year, or nearly 15% in total from 2003 — 2012. The American Cancer Society estimates that 1.7 million cancer deaths were averted from 1991 — 2012 (nearly 1.2 million in men and 512,100 in women) by improvements in cancer treatment, detection, and prevention.13
Between 2003 and 2012, breast cancer death rates for women declined by about 2% per year, or nearly 20% in total. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in the United States (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer). NIH-supported research has helped identify major breast cancer subtypes and led to the development of treatments that are tailored to the cancers’ specific molecular profiles.14
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer15 and the leading cause of cancer-related death in both men and women in the United States. NIH-funded research has contributed to lowering the lung cancer death rate by 2.75% per year in men and 1.4% per year in women between 2003 and 2012.16 New targeted therapies such as erlotinib (Tarceva) and crizotinib (Xalkori) have led to dramatic responses in people whose lung cancers harbor particular genetic mutations.
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men in the United States. NIH-supported research has improved treatments for prostate cancer. Partly because of these advances, between 2003 and 2012, the prostate cancer death rate dropped by 3.5% per year, or nearly 35% in total.17
Due in part to groundbreaking NIH research, three FDA-approved vaccines, Cervarix, Gardasil, and Gardasil 9, are now available to prevent infection by human papillomaviruses (HPV) that can cause cervical cancer.
Thanks to the development of Gleevec®, supported in part by NIH, patients with a new diagnosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) can now expect to live an essentially normal lifespan.18
Research in cancer immunotherapy has led to the development of several new methods of treating cancer by restoring or enhancing the immune system’s ability to fight the disease. As researchers develop new approaches to overcoming tumor avoidance of immune destruction and new methods for identifying antigens on tumor cells that can be targeted most effectively, immunotherapy is becoming an integral part of precision medicine.19
Fighting Infections
In the early 1980s when the HIV/AIDS epidemic began, people infected with the virus were not likely to live longer than a few years. Thanks to an unprecedented collaborative effort between NIH and industry, today:
Treatments can suppress the virus to undetectable levels.
A 20-year-old HIV-positive adult living in the United States who receives these treatments is expected to live into his or her early 70s, nearly as long as someone without HIV.20
Death rates have dropped more than 62% between 1987 and 2013.21
The haemophilus influenza type B (Hib) vaccine has reduced the cases of Hib, once the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children, by more than 99%.22
NIH intramural researchers played a crucial role in developing the first licensed hepatitis A vaccine, contributing to a 92% decline in hepatitis A rates since 1995.23
Hepatitis B infection once caused untreatable, fatal illness. Due to intensive vaccination programs based on NIH research, the rate of acute hepatitis B has fallen by more than 80% since 1980.24
A diagnosis of hepatitis C once meant months and months of painful drug injections. Thanks in part to NIH research, there are effective pills for treating hepatitis C.25
NIH intramural scientists were the first to identify rotavirus, the most common cause of childhood diarrhea worldwide, in 1974 and partnered with industry to create the first rotavirus vaccine in 1998.26
NIH intramural scientists performed pioneering work to develop the antifungal drugs amphotericin B and flucytosine, which treat the most common fungal brain infection in patients with weakened immune systems, including AIDS patients.27
Understanding Drug Abuse and Addiction
In the last three decades, scientists funded by NIH have discovered much about the risks and mechanisms that lead to drug abuse and addiction in adolescents. This has informed new approaches to prevention.
Today, the rate of daily cigarette smoking by teenage students is below 6%, its lowest point since 1975, when the NIH-funded Monitoring the Future (MTF) survey began tracking drug use and attitudes of teens.28
The same study found that alcohol use by teenagers is down to its lowest point since 1975.29
Between 1996 and 2014, over 26,000 opiate overdoses were reversed by non-medical personnel using naloxone, developed in large part from NIH research.30
NIH-supported researchers partnered with a pharmaceutical company to produce a naloxone nasal spray, the first easy-to-use, non-injectable version of a life-saving treatment for opioid or heroin overdoses.31
NIH-supported researchers collaborated with the pharmaceutical industry to develop the drug buprenorphine, the first drug for opioid addiction that could be prescribed in a doctor’s office instead of requiring daily visits to a clinic.32
Progress in Treating Lost Neural Function
As a result of NIH efforts, nearly all infants born in U.S. hospitals in 2010 were screened for hearing loss, up from as few as one-tenth of infants born in 1993, allowing them to get hearing aids or cochlear implants during their developmental years when they will be most helpful.33
According to the FDA, approximately 324,000 cochlear implants have been implanted worldwide, in roughly 58,000 U.S. adults and 38,000 U.S. children.34 Studies have shown that screening and implantation before the age of 18 months allows more than 80% of children with hearing loss to join mainstream classes with their normal-hearing peers.35
NIH-supported research has driven the development of hearing aids from the first electronic hearing devices invented in the 1950s to the sophisticated digital devices available today.
Building on advances in stimulating the nervous system with electricity, emerging neurostimulation technologies have the promise of restoring vision36 and movement after paralysis and traumatic injury.37
Deep brain stimulation is used to help relieve symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, thanks in part to NIH-funded research,38 and is currently being tested in other neuropsychiatric conditions, such as treatment-resistant depression and dementia.39
More People Are Surviving Injuries
In the mid-1970s, burns that covered even 25% of the body were almost always fatal.40 Today, people with burns covering 90% of their bodies can survive.41 NIH-funded research on wound cleaning, skin replacement, infection control, and other topics has greatly improved the chances of surviving catastrophic burns and traumatic injuries.
From 1969 to 2013, the death rate from unintentional injuries decreased almost 40%, from 65.1 per 100,000 people to 39.2.42
From 1990 to 2010, the death rate per 100,000 people from motor vehicle traffic injury decreased 39%, from 18.5 to 11.3. Survivors are healthier, with a higher of quality of life. These dramatic advances are due in large part to research.43
Blazing a Path for Innovations in Treatment
The first human liver transplantation was performed by an NIH grantee in 1967.44
NIH intramural researchers, in conjunction with several university partners, held the first large clinical trials of lithium as a mood stabilizer, supporting its FDA approval in 1970.45
NIH intramural scientists developed the first cell-targeted enzyme replacement therapy for Gaucher disease and conducted the first successful clinical trial in 1991, providing a new gold-standard therapy for a rare genetic deficiency.46
NIH intramural researchers spearheaded studies in the 1940s and 1950s that showed the rate of tooth decay fell more than 60% in children who drank fluoridated water, laying the foundation for a major component of modern dental health.47
NIH intramural researchers pioneered the treatment of the rare disease lipodystrophy using a synthetic form of the fat-derived hormone leptin, which was FDA-approved as a treatment in 2014.48
NIH-funded research helped lead to the development of tofacitinib (approved by the FDA in 2012), the first new rheumatoid arthritis drug in more than a decade that can be taken as a pill (rather than an injection) to slow or halt joint damage.
NIH research led to breakthrough treatments for a family of rare autoinflammatory diseases,49 including familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), neonatal onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Receptor-Associated Periodic Syndrome (TRAPS), and Deficiency of the Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist (DIRA). The NIH Clinical Center conducted much of the genetic research that led to a potential therapy, as well as the clinical trials that proved the therapy could be effective.
NIH maintains the Undiagnosed Diseases Program (UDP), started in 2008, to help connect patients and researchers to find the right diagnosis for tricky diseases. The UDP has received thousands of applications since opening, with approximately 10% of the program’s patients receiving a full diagnosis, and a further 30% gaining partial diagnosis.50
你根本不懂EPA里面很多就是垃圾，认识里面的人，说看有的公司不顺眼就可以找理由罚钱，就是一个政府捞钱的手段。
相比之下，中国的钱还是好挣。哪怕代理一个房子的佣金，都是博士后一年的工资不止。贸易，房地产，旅游，留学，投资，多想想办法吧。
这版上哀叫的有几个是MD啊，就是普通混饭吃的。
照你这么说，是不是资本家cut 点工资，就能筛除那些混日子的，企业业绩就能上去啊？
这个epa纯粹是左逼和骗子集中营，砍掉80%都没问题
然而这种研究有用吗？我也不知道有人怎么想。
你别把别人都当傻子了，药物贵就贵在研发。没有实际赚钱效果的研发就是浪费钱，应该立刻断掉。
哈哈哈，你当然是能活，但肯定要少赚啊。
这个国会肯定通过的，肯定。 科研肯定是要砍的。
放屁。
里面提到的好多东西，包括hearing aids，婴儿死亡率的下降，中风死亡率的下降，都不是你一句简单的药物研发搞定的。
我贴的那个东西你也没仔细看，你显然不是WSJ的订阅用户, 一些图表你看不到。那篇文章不是只说药价，还包括医院其它PROCEDURE，医疗器材的价格，整体是其它国家的几倍，但是美国人的健康却远远低于其它国家。
我和你扯才是浪费时间，另外虽然我支持川普，他cutting funding我也不想评论。但是在人类历史进步需要科技，即使有时前进，有时倒退，但是追求进步寻找未来的出路是作为一个物种的本能。纵观历史，没有人能举出一个国家完全依靠武力立国而长久。即使斯巴达都做不到。
你们俩的言论让我很怀疑你是不是真的支持川普。还是给他找黑
受不了不重视科学教育的。真正搞研究的那些人，真的超级令人佩服的好嘛，不是每个人都有的personality
你的技术再好，谁来买呢，太贵美国都要用不起来，不要太不切实际了，美国纳税人负担很重，医疗保险太贵。你们要是真想搞研发，就先要解决美国医疗体系的问题，压低医疗费用和药价，让大家都能用得起。
还有，你知道每年美国死于preventable cause of death的人有多少么? 每年里40-50%的死亡都是可以预防的。
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preventable_causes_of_death#United_States
总之你说了半天也不如我前面贴的WSJ的文章里面的数据有说服力，你健康研发再好，美国医疗价格更贵，导致美国人很多都买不起保险，美国人的健康却远远低于其它发达国家，你看看那些图表，美国比其它国家差的不是一点半点，远远落后其它发达国家。
你来出这个预防的钱吗？
那个整片文章大部分都是显示美国HEALTH CARE价格和其它国家比较的图表，你看不到就别瞎评论。
re... 能不能有点追求，天天钱钱钱，自己没追求的还嘲笑人家有追求的，真是见鬼了
以前美国的研发有人买单，所以美国强大，现在美国买不起了，其它国家又占美国便宜，不愿意买单，你研发再好也没用，如果不是市场价就没人买。
虽然我也支持trump，自己跟科研一点关系都没有，但是真真觉得这里好多言论不可思议。
你看不懂是你脑子不行，就像很多美国人一样，看不到这之间的关系。
纳税人受不了了，穷人就别指望要多好的CARE了，这就是美国的现实，一个家庭20万亿的债务，你就别指望还要什么最新最好的医疗照顾了，只有富人才有钱去享受，你们这些搞研发的脑子真是不行。
你又在偷换概念了，你说的是medicare还是NIH funded public health prevention research？你用medicare来偷换我说的后者，和你说话太无聊了，最基本的辩论都不会。如果你非想要，我可以把说最后一句话的资格留给你。
这些东西都研究多少年了，美国人的健康还是远远差于其它发达国家，这个不是你搞个PREVENTION RESEARCH就能解决的，美国的食品都问题大了，很多对健康有害。所以你别把你这些说的多么高大上了，对美国人的健康根本没什么用的。
只是这个不知道有没有什么转机，和之前拨钱给非移用也没得选就没办法了
很多早期研究不都是NIH做的。NIH钱多的一个根本原因是人怕死。另外NIH的FUNDING，不知道SUPPORT了多少中国来的博士博后。华人上为什么觉得上了个DATA SCIENCE课，去GOOGLE写几行代码就该轻松30W，刷试管5-6万还要砍砍砍，就是浪费钱。没有技术的领先那里来的美国世界上的领先。美国癌症治疗世界第一，都是钱堆出来的。药厂其实很乐意NIH先做，最后他们在入场摘果实的。
发展军事和发展科研是相辅相成的，核武器也是一群物理学家搞出来的。现在美国的技术创新氛围以及远不如几十年前了。