关于政府 pension, 很多人盲人摸象。For Federal, it is years of service x Average of highest three years’ salary x 1%. Under FERS system, it is not a lot. For example, a person working for 30 years, with high three average salary of $100,000, pension would be $30,000 a year. For people with lower income, like 60,000, with 20 years service, it would only be $12,000. If age and service all met the requirement for retirement, yes, an employee can carry his/ her health insurance to retirement till the end. The premium is about the same as active service. That is a huge benefit. When they turn 65 years old, they can add Medicare as primary carrier and still keep their other health insurance as secondary to cover what Medicare doesn't cover, making it two tiers health insurance.
过去美国人有pension,如果90年代在美国大公司上班,还能见到每月公司给已经退休的人寄支票,是他们的pension,从那以后就逐步转化成401K,或者类似的退休账户。Pension对结婚配偶也有福利,还在上班的人,只要他的太太到一定年龄,50多就满足要求,就能从公司领到pension。Pension到401K 反映了美国经济从长期稳定增长到追求短期效益,把pension坚持到21世纪的行业有,
- Defense contractors,它们后来也都转为401K,比如德州的LTV Missile Division,被LMT收并后就开始了401K,
- 汽车工业,它们也应该都是401K了,这个行业在美国是夕阳工业,assembly lines上的工人有工会和pension,但工程师没有,
- 好莱坞影视业,这个行业比较顽强,还有工会,可能现在也都是401K,
- 各州的utility 行业,不知是否改成401K,
- 政府雇员,联邦和州政府,他们还有,特别是教师有pension,乡政府雇员也有pension。他们是铁饭碗,比国内的公务员还铁,不能解雇老员工,工龄到了15-20年,如果那时自动辞职,到私企找份工作干10年,就有pension+ social security 2份收入
还有什么行业?
65岁一个人可以拿medicare退休了另一个人年龄小不一定拿到。
要不年龄大的人还要工作到年龄小的人到65岁,或者年龄小的人接着工作年龄大的人现在家里。都不合适。
时公司有pension 和401k, 晚进两年的只有401k了。许多公司都取消了pension.我工作了五年,有一点点pension.
我是在退休前才知道,我工龄短,放弃了一次性领取的那笔钱,等于买了年金
我好友夫妇都在政府工作,他们不用买401K,退休时估计夫妇俩至少可以一次性提取一米以上,加上pension,SS,医保,老年应该无忧
如果不擅长投资,房子等,拿每月pension 再加401K也有不错的生活
关于政府 pension, 很多人盲人摸象。For Federal, it is years of service x Average of highest three years’ salary x 1%. Under FERS system, it is not a lot. For example, a person working for 30 years, with high three average salary of $100,000, pension would be $30,000 a year. For people with lower income, like 60,000, with 20 years service, it would only be $12,000. If age and service all met the requirement for retirement, yes, an employee can carry his/ her health insurance to retirement till the end. The premium is about the same as active service. That is a huge benefit. When they turn 65 years old, they can add Medicare as primary carrier and still keep their other health insurance as secondary to cover what Medicare doesn't cover, making it two tiers health insurance.
通过基金流入美股市。使美股上涨得以维持。 401K和IRA目前总资金量已到24万亿美元。
It is now less popular in private sector than profit sharing retirement plans, like 401(k)s.
我是说工人级别的