The Worst Way to Withdraw From Your Retirement Accounts
1. Not Starting With Your Investment Income
Withdrawing from your investments first gives your retirement accounts more time to compound interest. If you dive straight into your 401(k) or IRA, you could cost yourself years worth of income in retirement savings.
Whether you have mutual funds, a brokerage account, ETFs, stocks or bonds, they’re all taxable, so you’ll have to pay capital gains taxes on withdrawals. Some investments also require you to pay taxes on distributions each year, like some mutual funds. Check with a fiduciary financial advisor to see if this is the case for your accounts.
All of the financial advisors on SmartAsset’s matching platform are registered fiduciaries, who are legally bound to act in your best interest. If your advisor is not a fiduciary and constantly pushes investment products on you, use this no-cost tool to find an advisor who has your best interest in mind.
2. Claiming Social Security Benefits at 62
If you want your maximum Social Security benefits, you’ll need to work until your “full retirement” age.
But benefits at age 62, 66 or 67 are not your maximum benefits. The maximum Social Security retirement benefit kicks in at age 70. If you claim before, you're not getting your full entitlement.
Each year after full retirement, your payout increases by a certain percentage based on specific criteria. To maximize on this strategy, we recommend holding off until you are 70 — payments will be the highest possible, increasing by 8% each year you wait.
While this strategy will help you collect the highest Social Security benefit, every situation is different. Consult a financial advisor to figure out how and when Social Security benefits should factor into your unique retirement plan.
3. Withdrawing From Your 401(k) and IRA Before RMDs Kick In
You can start withdrawing money from your 401(k) when you turn 59 1/2, but that doesn't mean it's a good idea. The law doesn't require you to start taking Required Minimum Distributions until you turn 72, so this is time your money can keep growing with compound interest.
4. Tapping into Your Roth Before Exhausting Other Options
Put off withdrawing money from your Roth IRA as long as possible.
You paid taxes up front so you can take money out of your Roth IRA and it won’t count as taxable income.
Your Roth IRA also will continue to grow tax-free as you tap into your other accounts. Since a Roth IRA holds after-tax funds and the IRS doesn’t need to tax it again, you also don’t need to take Required Minimum Distributions. This account can keep growing for as long as you don't touch it.
5. The Best Way to Plan Your Withdrawals
Determining the optimal sequence to withdraw money from your retirement accounts is different for everyone, so we recommend speaking with a financial advisor.
Voya Financial found that 79% of people who use an advisor said they “know how to pursue achieving their retirement goals.” The study also found that 59% of those who use an advisor have calculated how much they need to retire, while 52% established a formal retirement investment plan.
Chances are, there are several highly qualified financial advisors in your town. However, it can seem daunting to choose one.
Our no-cost tool helps makes it easy to find the right financial advisor for you. Now you can get matched with up to three local fiduciary investment advisors that have been rigorously screened for regulatory disclosures and to confirm their licenses. The entire matching process takes just a few minutes.
退休，是我们这些辛辛苦苦工作了大半辈子的梦想。要生存，要抚养孩子，还要求名求利，一路下来，也是辛苦。累了，总是想着要退休，去享受黄金岁月，享受安逸无忧的生活，去追求年轻时因忙碌或无财力而实现的梦想。
退休前的准备，主要涉及到财务准备和心理准备两个方面。这两个方面都是一个漫长的过程，大概需要三到五年的时间。心理准备主要是让人调节心理，逐步进入到退休的状态。一个人不能一觉醒来，决定马上退休；或工作不开心了，一句“老子不干了”，就去退休。如果心理没有准备好而突然退休或被退休，人是很难适应的。好些退休后不久就早亡的人，就是因为心理没有准备好。
这篇短文主要探讨退休前的财务准备。一个人如果不是被退休 （到了年龄不得不退，或被裁员后找不到合适的工作而被迫退），而是能主动选择退休的时间点，那么，怎么才知道，自己在财务上已经准备好了呢？我觉得可以参考以下几个方面。
1. 自住房还清了吗？
买房还贷，对大多数人来说是人生中最大的单一开支。退休后，收入大概率会减少，还贷能力降低，而且退休后的主要目标，是维持生活。因此一定要还清自住房贷款，日后不为债务所拖累。自住房还清后，心也就踏实和轻松了。以后不管风吹浪打，总是有个安身之处，可以胜似前庭信步。
但并不是所有的房地产都要在退休前还清。如果投资房有贷款，但只有少量负现金流甚或有正现金流，则可以让房子自己养自己，不必急于还清。
2. 孩子（们）大学毕业并工作自立了吗？
孩子教育大概是人生中除房贷以外的最大单一开支了。中国人重视教育，舍得在孩子身上花钱，每年几万的学费，父母即使节衣缩食也心甘情愿地付了。孩子独立后，没有巨额学生贷款压顶，则可轻装前行。孩子们的成功，反过来会减轻父母精神和财务上的焦虑和压力。
供到孩子大学毕业，可能还需最后一步。如果孩子还想继续深造，去读个博；或者孩子毕业后还不能完全维持自己的生活，父母退休的事，还是为时尚早，仍需继续努力。
如果房子和孩子的事都搞定了，则退休在望。
3. 你的退休后的收入，是不是可以满足你想象中的退休生活？
多少钱才能退休，是坛子里讨论得比较多的话题。人们总是怕人还在，钱没了。这涉及到收入和花费两个方面。 退休后的收入，可以从退休金、预期投资收入、出售资产和银行存款中地计算出来。至于退休后究竟会花费多少，我觉得，可以从退休前三至五年的平均花费中算出来。这个时期的花费，往往接近人生中花费的峰值。注意的是，这个花费，不是退休前的收入，而且要在退休前的总花费中减去可能还存在的还房贷、孩子教育等花费 （退休后房子还清了，孩子独立了）。生活花费总是基本平稳的，不太可能在退休后突然大幅上升。总之，如果退休后的总收入能达到退休前花费的80%或以上，则可满足生活。
如果这个目标还没有达到，则需要延迟退休时间，同时加大对退休金的投入。
4. 你的自住房是不是处于良好状态？
你的自住房在未来十年内需要大的维修吗？比如换屋顶、翻新厨房和卫生间？如果是，则要及早规划，以免到时候资金短缺。其他稍微小一些的项目，比如换地板地毯、室内油漆，则可以从平时节省出来。
5. 你的车辆，在未来需要更换吗？
一些人临近退休时，就买一辆新车安安稳稳地开下去。如果你的车在退休后几年里需要更换，也需及早准备。
6. 你银行账上有足够的现金吗？
这是生活周转资金，也是应急资金。谁能保证自己家里或国内的亲人没有一点急事呢，比如汽车要大修、房租收不上来、父母丧葬等。这个数额以8-12个月的生活费用为宜。当然，这个资金不一定完全是银行存款，其中一部分是流动性强的股票，只要能马上变现，也可以。
如果上面几项都办妥了，则在财务上可以退休，去无忧无虑地享受生活了。
401K 加上其他储蓄，退休前的消费还不到50%，退休后如何要更多？
让孩子在学习过程中可以去度个假，孩子们在求学的过程中生活质量会提升很多。
那时无钱，环境差，朝不保夕，加速死亡的速度，应是期待所至
The Worst Way to Withdraw From Your Retirement Accounts
1. Not Starting With Your Investment Income
Withdrawing from your investments first gives your retirement accounts more time to compound interest. If you dive straight into your 401(k) or IRA, you could cost yourself years worth of income in retirement savings.
Whether you have mutual funds, a brokerage account, ETFs, stocks or bonds, they’re all taxable, so you’ll have to pay capital gains taxes on withdrawals. Some investments also require you to pay taxes on distributions each year, like some mutual funds. Check with a fiduciary financial advisor to see if this is the case for your accounts.
All of the financial advisors on SmartAsset’s matching platform are registered fiduciaries, who are legally bound to act in your best interest. If your advisor is not a fiduciary and constantly pushes investment products on you, use this no-cost tool to find an advisor who has your best interest in mind.
2. Claiming Social Security Benefits at 62
If you want your maximum Social Security benefits, you’ll need to work until your “full retirement” age.
But benefits at age 62, 66 or 67 are not your maximum benefits. The maximum Social Security retirement benefit kicks in at age 70. If you claim before, you're not getting your full entitlement.
Each year after full retirement, your payout increases by a certain percentage based on specific criteria. To maximize on this strategy, we recommend holding off until you are 70 — payments will be the highest possible, increasing by 8% each year you wait.
While this strategy will help you collect the highest Social Security benefit, every situation is different. Consult a financial advisor to figure out how and when Social Security benefits should factor into your unique retirement plan.
3. Withdrawing From Your 401(k) and IRA Before RMDs Kick In
You can start withdrawing money from your 401(k) when you turn 59 1/2, but that doesn't mean it's a good idea. The law doesn't require you to start taking Required Minimum Distributions until you turn 72, so this is time your money can keep growing with compound interest.
4. Tapping into Your Roth Before Exhausting Other Options
Put off withdrawing money from your Roth IRA as long as possible.
You paid taxes up front so you can take money out of your Roth IRA and it won’t count as taxable income.
Your Roth IRA also will continue to grow tax-free as you tap into your other accounts. Since a Roth IRA holds after-tax funds and the IRS doesn’t need to tax it again, you also don’t need to take Required Minimum Distributions. This account can keep growing for as long as you don't touch it.
5. The Best Way to Plan Your Withdrawals
Determining the optimal sequence to withdraw money from your retirement accounts is different for everyone, so we recommend speaking with a financial advisor.
Voya Financial found that 79% of people who use an advisor said they “know how to pursue achieving their retirement goals.” The study also found that 59% of those who use an advisor have calculated how much they need to retire, while 52% established a formal retirement investment plan.
Chances are, there are several highly qualified financial advisors in your town. However, it can seem daunting to choose one.
Our no-cost tool helps makes it easy to find the right financial advisor for you. Now you can get matched with up to three local fiduciary investment advisors that have been rigorously screened for regulatory disclosures and to confirm their licenses. The entire matching process takes just a few minutes.
带来两个问题：
1，攒的退休钱可能已经用完了，更不要说长期护理了，昂贵的长期护理费是最后吃掉所有资产的最主要因素
2，活得越久，需要护理的可能性越大
所以为什么不趁自己有能力规划的时候规划好，以免未来给别人添麻烦，在人生最后阶段丢失自己的尊严呢？而且长期护理未必是自己必死时才需要的，一个手术一场车祸都可能会用到。