https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-and-cancer What is HPV (human papillomavirus)? HPV is a group of more than 200 related viruses, some of which are spread through vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Sexually transmitted HPV types fall into two groups, low risk and high risk. Low-risk HPVs mostly cause no disease. However, a few low-risk HPV types can cause warts on or around the genitals, anus, mouth, or throat. High-risk HPVs can cause several types of cancer. There are about 14 high-risk HPV types including HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68. Two of these, HPV16 and HPV18, are responsible for most HPV-related cancers.
www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hpv-infection/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351602 Treatment Warts often go away without treatment, particularly in children. However, there''''''''''''''''s no cure for the virus, so they can reappear in the same place or other places. Medications Medications to eliminate warts are typically applied directly to the lesion and usually take many applications before they''''''''''''''''re successful. Examples include: Salicylic acid. Over-the-counter treatments that contain salicylic acid work by removing layers of a wart a little at a time. For use on common warts, salicylic acid can cause skin irritation and isn''''''''''''''''t for use on your face. Imiquimod. This prescription cream might enhance your immune system''''''''''''''''s ability to fight HPV. Common side effects include redness and swelling at the application site. Podofilox. Another topical prescription, podofilox works by destroying genital wart tissue. Podofilox may cause burning and itching where it''''''''''''''''s applied. Trichloroacetic acid. This chemical treatment burns off warts on the palms, soles and genitals. It might cause local irritation. Surgical and other procedures If medications don''''''''''''''''t work, your doctor might suggest removing warts by one of these methods: Freezing with liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy) Burning with an electrical current (electrocautery) Surgical removal Laser surgery Treatment for HPV in the cervix If you have an abnormal HPV or Pap test, your gynecologist will perform a procedure called a colposcopy. Using an instrument that provides a magnified view of the cervix (colposcope), your doctor will look closely at the cervix and take samples (biopsy) of any areas that look abnormal. Any precancerous lesions need to be removed. Options include freezing (cryosurgery), laser, surgical removal, loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and cold knife conization. loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) uses a thin looped wire charged with an electric current to remove a thin layer of a section of the cervix and cold knife conization is a surgical procedure that removes a cone-shaped piece of the cervix. www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hpv-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20351596HPV infection is a viral infection that commonly causes skin or mucous membrane growths (warts). There are more than 100 varieties of human papillomavirus (HPV). Some types of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection cause warts, and some can cause different types of cancer.Most HPV infections don''''''''''''''''t lead to cancer. But some types of genital HPV can cause cancer of the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina (cervix). Other types of cancers, including cancers of the anus, penis, vagina, vulva and back of the throat (oropharyngeal), have been linked to HPV infection.These infections are often transmitted sexually or through other skin-to-skin contact. Vaccines can help protect against the strains of HPV most likely to cause genital warts or cervical cancer. my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11901-hpv-human-papilloma-virus www.mayoclinic.org/zh-hans/diseases-conditions/hpv-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20351596 （中文解释）
首先，楼主关于高危低危说得不对。 高危HPV感染主要危险因子：1） 过早（年龄偏小）开始性生活， 2） 性伴多（不是指同时） What causes high risk hpv Becoming sexually active at an early age: The risk of high-risk HPV infection that is persistent and ultimately leads to cervical cancer is higher in people who become sexually active before age 18 and in those who have had multiple sexual partners. Feb 24, 2023 Cervical Cancer Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention - NCI 1. HPV is a very common virus that can be spread from one person to another person through anal, vaginal, or oral sex, or through other close skin-to-skin touching during sexual activity. It is most commonly spread during vaginal or anal sex. HPV can be passed even when an infected person has no signs or symptoms. HPV是常见的通过性行为（gj/yj/kj），或者在性行为过程中皮肤互相接触传播的病毒。与携带 HPV 病毒的人进行阴交、或，可能使您感染 HPV。通过阴交或传播最为常见。即便感染人士没有任何征 兆或症状，HPV 也能传染。症状可能在与感染人士发生性行为多年后出现，以至于难以追究 最初在何时感染。 (划重点：性传播！公共厕所浴室泳池接吻吃饭混穿混洗衣物不传播！除非是直接穿别人的脏内裤。。。) 2. Using condoms can lower your chances of getting all STIs, including HPV. However, HPV can infect areas that are not covered by a condom, so condoms may not give full protection against getting HPV. 用避孕套可以降低得所有性传播疾病的风险，包括HPV。 然而，HPV病毒可以感染避孕套不能覆盖的地方，所以戴套并不能完全阻止HPV传播. 3. HPV can cause cervical and other cancers including cancer of the vulva, vagina, penis, or anus. It can also cause cancer in the back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils (called oropharyngeal cancer). Cancer often takes years, even decades, to develop after a person gets HPV. The types of HPV that can cause genital warts are not the same as the types of HPV that can cause cancers. HPV 可能导致子宫颈和其他癌症，包括外阴、阴道、阴茎或肛门癌症。它还可能导致喉底癌症，包括舌头和扁桃体底部（称为 口咽癌）。 癌症通常在感染 HPV 数年甚至数十年后发生。导致生殖器疣的 HPV 类型不同于导致癌症的 HPV 类型。 4. Treatment can help, but this condition can''''''''''''''''t be cured. There''''''''''''''''s no cure for the virus and warts may go away on their own. Treatment focuses on removing the warts. A vaccine that prevents the HPV strains most likely to cause genital warts and cervical cancer is recommended for boys and girls. 对于HPV感染有治疗方法，然而不能治愈。 没有任何有效药物可以清除病毒本身。 治疗多数着重于去除生殖器疣。 推荐11-12岁的男孩和女孩都打针对预防导致生殖器疣和子宫颈癌的 HPV疫苗。 不超过 21 岁的男性和不超过 26 岁的女性若年幼时未接种疫苗，建议补种疫苗。 不超过 26 岁的和双性恋（或与男性有性行为的男性）也建议接种疫苗。不超过 26 岁免疫系统不全的男性和女性（包 括感染 HIV／AIDS 的人士），若年幼时未充分接种疫苗，也建议接种。 参考资料来源： Mayo clinic Wikipedia Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
hpv疫苗一般建议年轻的女生打，如果你的年龄超过40岁了，那就随缘。
得了hpv不要慌张，身边就有个大学同学，几年前回国的时候吃饭说起了她之前体检查出hpv33型。她说国内的医生会开一些外用药给她，据她说大概一年内复查后就好了。
可能我也有不是很了解透彻的地方，只是把我所了解的分享给JM们，希望大家更加关爱自己，健康美丽
应该是无稽之谈
这里好多虚假宣传
https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-and-cancer
What is HPV (human papillomavirus)? HPV is a group of more than 200 related viruses, some of which are spread through vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Sexually transmitted HPV types fall into two groups, low risk and high risk. Low-risk HPVs mostly cause no disease. However, a few low-risk HPV types can cause warts on or around the genitals, anus, mouth, or throat. High-risk HPVs can cause several types of cancer. There are about 14 high-risk HPV types including HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68. Two of these, HPV16 and HPV18, are responsible for most HPV-related cancers.
在公共卫生间会感染HPV？你怕是对HPV有什么误解 发布日期：2022-11-15 09:46:33 来源：中华医学会科学普及部
近年来，随着人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）的广泛筛查和HPV疫苗的普及，越来越多的人开始关注并重视HPV。 一些感染了HPV的人经常会有这样的疑问：“莫明其妙地被HPV找上门，会不会是在公共卫生间等场所感染的？”
二、HPV的感染途径 HPV主要传播方式包括性传播、母婴传播、接触传播等。 1.性传播 HPV最主要的传播方式是性传播。在性生活的过程中，女性重点部位经过反复摩擦后，可能造成外阴、阴道、宫颈局部黏膜破损，HPV易趁虚而入，导致HPV感染风险大大增加。 因此，有性生活的女性一生中感染HPV的风险很高，感染率高达50%～80%。有多个性伴侣、初次性生活过早（17岁以前）等是容易导致HPV感染的高危因素。 只要有性生活，就可能感染HPV，但约80%年轻女性的HPV感染是一过性的，即在12～18个月病毒可被人体的免疫系统自行清除，就好像是宫颈患了一场“感冒”。 2.母婴传播 在亚洲和非洲，极少的生殖器HPV感染女性会在分娩过程中将病毒传播给婴儿，即母婴传播。这种传播方式有可能引起罕见的婴幼儿复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病。患儿的喉部或呼吸道其他部位可形成疣，如果不进行治疗，可造成气道阻塞而致极度衰弱。
三、HPV感染的预防 1.日常生活 在家庭日常生活中，可以注意以下几点： ● 家庭成员的内衣裤要分开洗，用热水或消毒液浸泡冲洗。 ● 清洗后的内衣裤要在阳光下直射暴晒。 ● 卫生用品如毛巾、浴巾、牙刷等要经常消毒隔离。 ● 浴盆、脸盆、马桶最好每天擦洗消毒。 ● 可以定期用消毒液清洗洗衣机。 2.性生活 ● 忠于单一的性伴侣，性伴侣人数越少，感染HPV的风险越低。 ● 每天及时更换、清洗内裤。 ● 性生活前后做好清洁，尽量排尿。 ● 性生活中使用避孕套可以减少病毒暴露。因此，正确地使用避孕套可以减少HPV感染，还可以加速HPV的清除。当HPV的负荷下降了，自身的免疫系统就能更有效地清除病毒。 3.定期检查 ● 定期进行妇科检查。 ● 积极参加HPV监测。 4.接种疫苗 接种HPV疫苗是全球公认的较为安全、有效且性价比高的预防HPV感染及其相关病变的方法。
低危和高危都是性传播的， 不懂不要装不懂。 而且高危 的不仅仅 包括16 和18
但是她对我科普就不是这样说的，我问她为啥？她说要创建和谐家庭和社会
高危HPV感染主要危险因子：1） 过早（年龄偏小）开始性生活， 2） 性伴多（不是指同时）
What causes high risk hpv
Becoming sexually active at an early age: The risk of high-risk HPV infection that is persistent and ultimately leads to cervical cancer is higher in people who become sexually active before age 18 and in those who have had multiple sexual partners. Feb 24, 2023
Cervical Cancer Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention - NCI
1. HPV is a very common virus that can be spread from one person to another person through anal, vaginal, or oral sex, or through other close skin-to-skin touching during sexual activity. It is most commonly spread during vaginal or anal sex. HPV can be passed even when an infected person has no signs or symptoms. HPV是常见的通过性行为（gj/yj/kj），或者在性行为过程中皮肤互相接触传播的病毒。与携带 HPV 病毒的人进行阴交、或，可能使您感染 HPV。通过阴交或传播最为常见。即便感染人士没有任何征 兆或症状，HPV 也能传染。症状可能在与感染人士发生性行为多年后出现，以至于难以追究 最初在何时感染。 (划重点：性传播！公共厕所浴室泳池接吻吃饭混穿混洗衣物不传播！除非是直接穿别人的脏内裤。。。)
2. Using condoms can lower your chances of getting all STIs, including HPV. However, HPV can infect areas that are not covered by a condom, so condoms may not give full protection against getting HPV. 用避孕套可以降低得所有性传播疾病的风险，包括HPV。 然而，HPV病毒可以感染避孕套不能覆盖的地方，所以戴套并不能完全阻止HPV传播.
3. HPV can cause cervical and other cancers including cancer of the vulva, vagina, penis, or anus. It can also cause cancer in the back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils (called oropharyngeal cancer). Cancer often takes years, even decades, to develop after a person gets HPV. The types of HPV that can cause genital warts are not the same as the types of HPV that can cause cancers. HPV 可能导致子宫颈和其他癌症，包括外阴、阴道、阴茎或肛门癌症。它还可能导致喉底癌症，包括舌头和扁桃体底部（称为 口咽癌）。 癌症通常在感染 HPV 数年甚至数十年后发生。导致生殖器疣的 HPV 类型不同于导致癌症的 HPV 类型。 4. Treatment can help, but this condition can''''''''''''''''t be cured. There''''''''''''''''s no cure for the virus and warts may go away on their own. Treatment focuses on removing the warts. A vaccine that prevents the HPV strains most likely to cause genital warts and cervical cancer is recommended for boys and girls. 对于HPV感染有治疗方法，然而不能治愈。 没有任何有效药物可以清除病毒本身。 治疗多数着重于去除生殖器疣。 推荐11-12岁的男孩和女孩都打针对预防导致生殖器疣和子宫颈癌的 HPV疫苗。 不超过 21 岁的男性和不超过 26 岁的女性若年幼时未接种疫苗，建议补种疫苗。 不超过 26 岁的和双性恋（或与男性有性行为的男性）也建议接种疫苗。不超过 26 岁免疫系统不全的男性和女性（包 括感染 HIV／AIDS 的人士），若年幼时未充分接种疫苗，也建议接种。 参考资料来源： Mayo clinic Wikipedia Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
BINGO！！！ 我朋友在国内做医生也是这么说的。他原话是：不然你让我们怎么说？医患关系这么紧张
游泳池或澡堂公用拖鞋。
引发跖疣的 HPV 病毒不具有高度传染性。因此，病毒不容易通过直接接触从一个人传播给另一个人。但该病毒容易在温暖潮湿的地方滋生，因此赤脚在游泳池、更衣室走动可能会让您感染病毒。如果病毒从第一个感染部位传播，可能会长出更多疣。
病毒通常通过脚底的微小伤口、破损或薄弱点进入，从而形成疣。如果不予治疗，疣在儿童身上可能持续数月到 2 年，成人则可能持续数年。
https://together.stjude.org/zh-cn/life-after-cancer/healthy-living/%E4%BA%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%A4%B4%E7%98%A4%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E7%96%AB%E8%8B%97.html
通过性传播的 HPV 有两种类型： 高危型 HPV：这些类型会导致癌症。HPV 16 型和 18 型导致一半以上的宫颈癌、肛门癌、口腔癌、喉癌和阴道癌。HPV 31、33、45、52 和 58 型导致女性癌症增加 14%，男性癌症增加 4%。HPV 疫苗涵盖以上所有类型。 低危型 HPV：这些类型不会导致癌症。它们会导致在生殖器、肛门、唇、口腔、舌和喉咙部位出现皮肤疣。HPV 6 型和 11 型引起 90% 的生殖器疣病例和大多数复发性呼吸道乳头状瘤病（气道疣）。HPV 疫苗也涵盖了这两种类型。 大约 90% 的 HPV 感染可在一两年内消失，没有任何症状，也不会导致癌症。强烈的免疫反应有助于清除大多数 HPV 感染。 但是，某些免疫系统无法对抗 HPV。如果感染持续多年，则可能导致癌症。
HPV 疫苗可预防 9 种 HPV（6 型、11 型、16 型、8 型、31 型、33 型、45 型、52 型、58 型）。 在美国： 6 型和 11 型——导致 90% 的生殖器疣 16 型和 18 型——导致 68% 的宫颈癌和大多数其他与 HPV 相关的癌症（包括 81% 的肛门癌、61% 的口咽癌、57% 的阴道癌、51% 的阴茎癌、50% 的外阴癌、23% 的口腔癌和 8% 的喉癌）。 31 型、33 型、45 型、52 型和 58 型——导致 25% 的阴道癌、19% 的宫颈癌、15% 的阴道癌、14% 的外阴癌、10% 的肛门癌、8% 的口咽癌、7% 的喉癌和 6% 的口腔癌
HPV 的传播方式 人乳头瘤病毒超过 200 种。其中，有 40 种容易通过性接触传播，包括阴道、肛门、口交或手指与生殖器的接触。皮肤和黏膜的直接性接触导致病毒从感染者传播到他或她的伴侣。 即使感染者的免疫系统最终清除了感染，感染者仍可将 HPV 传播给其他人。对方的免疫系统可能无法清除。没有 HPV 症状的人会将 HPV 传播给其他人，而该人可能会出现症状。 疾病控制中心 (CDC) 估计，有 80% 的性活跃女性和 90% 以上的性活跃男性将感染 HPV，其中一半感染了高危型 HPV。目前约有一半的人口（无论男性还是女性）感染了 HPV（14 至 59 岁女性中有 42.5%、20 至 24 岁女性中有 53.8％、18 至 70 岁男性中有 52% 至 69％）。
HPV 类型和癌症 高危型 HPV 可导致多种类型的癌症。 宫颈癌：几乎所有宫颈癌都是由 HPV 感染引起的。根据美国国家癌症研究所的数据，约 70% 的病例是由 HPV 16 型和 18 型引起的。 肛门癌：约 95% 的肛门癌由 HPV 引起。HPV 16 型可导致大多数这样的病例。 口咽癌（口腔和咽喉）：HPV 引起约 70% 的口咽癌。在美国，这些癌症中有一半以上是由 HPV 16 型引起的。 HPV 还引起四分之三以上的阴道癌、三分之二的外阴和阴茎癌。HPV 16 型是导致这些癌症的主要原因。