Q The Panic of 1837 was a financial crisis in the United States that touched off a major depression, which lasted until the mid-1840s. Profits, prices, and wages went down, westward expansion was stalled, unemployment went up, and pessimism abounded. Panic of 1837 - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Panic_of_1837 UQ/Q What brought about the economic depression of the late 1830s? The panic of 1837 was a financial crisis in the United States that triggered a multi-year economic depression. Fiscal and monetary policies in the United States and Great Britain, the global movements of gold and silver, a collapsing land bubble, and falling cotton prices were all to blame. 15 Aug 2022 Panic of 1837 - The Economic Historian UQ/Q The Financial Crisis of 1837 Trying to understand one of America"s great economic downturns Jeffrey Rogers Hummel | From the July 2014 issue (LOC) The Many Panics of 1837: People, Politics, and the Creation of a Transatlantic Financial Crisis, by Jessica M. Lepler, Cambridge University Press, 337 pages, $29.95 In May 1837, a major financial crisis engulfed America"s approximately 800 banks, with all but six ceasing to redeem their banknotes and deposits for specie (gold or silver coins). This was followed by a short but sharp depression, constituting only the second manifestation of the modern business cycle in the country"s history up to that point. ... ... https://reason.com/2014/06/22/the-financial-crisis-of-1837/ UQ
https://www.safalta.com/doubts/class-10th/62b7bcb1f62345178769c7f9 UQ
https://americanhistory.si.edu/american-revolution/market-revolution UQ
美国早期的经济是现金匮乏的,即流通中的货币不足以满足所有商业人士需要做的事情。唯一的法定货币(每个人都必须接受的货币)是稀缺的金币、银币和铜币。使用了在美国和国外(尤其是墨西哥)铸造的两种硬币,因为硬币中金属的价值而不是铸造它的人赋予了它的价值。私人银行发行的印刷纸币作为现金流通得更广,但这些纸币的好坏仅取决于发行它们的银行的声誉。即便如此,也没有足够的纸币来满足经济对现金的需求。结果,19世纪初的新英格兰经济主要以信贷为基础。 (事实上,今天的经济大部分仍然如此!)作为一个识字和算术的人,早期的新英格兰人通常会书面记录他们欠他们的钱,而且通常不那么严格地记录他们欠别人的钱。该系统以一定程度的信任和某种互惠为基础,并以追究拖欠债务人的法律渠道为后盾。
... ...
https://www.teachushistory.org/detocqueville-visit-united-states/articles/debit-economy-1830s-new-england UQ
1830–60 1830 年至 1860 年的三个十年发生了迅速的变化。 这种影响在政治和经济方面最为明显,但文化也受到同样的影响。 直到 1825 年,欧洲人口才超过 50,000; 1851 年约为 450,000 人,到 1861 年已达到 1,150,000 人。
... ... https://www.britannica.com/place/Australia/A-major-shift-1830-60
UQ
这本书的灵感来自亚当·斯密的话:“消费是所有生产的唯一目的和目的……”本着这种精神,本书关注的是人而不是事物;它描述了英国的整体收入和财富、其增长情况,以及这些收入和财富是如何由人口中的不同人产生和分配的。在维多利亚时代和爱德华时代的英国,人口增长以及家庭和工作场所的变化在改变几代人的生活中具有核心地位。 1830 年至 1914 年间,英国成为世界主要贸易国、世界大部分商品的运输国、迄今为止最大的海外投资者和世界金融体系的中心。这是该国历史上的一个特殊时期,即使是一百年后,许多人回首时仍怀着怀旧之情。这本书描述并评估了这八十五年所取得的成就。
https://academic.oup.com/book/1685 UQ
Panic of 1837 - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Panic_of_1837
UQ/Q
What brought about the economic depression of the late 1830s?
Panic of 1837 - The Economic Historian
UQ/Q
The Financial Crisis of 1837 Trying to understand one of America"s great economic downturns Jeffrey Rogers Hummel | From the July 2014 issue
... ...
https://reason.com/2014/06/22/the-financial-crisis-of-1837/ UQ