<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">二十一、哪些因素影响胎儿智力</span></b><span lang="EN-US"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">早孕反应影响胎儿智力</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">由于孕妇在妊娠早期(头三个月),常出现食欲减退、恶心、呕吐、偏食等早孕反应,造成摄入营养较低,这样就会影响胎儿智力发育。明白了这个道理,准妈妈们就应主动想法控制呕吐,稳定情绪,以多样化的食物可以引起食欲,保证营养的平衡。即使是吐了,也要及时补充营养。为了将来孩子的聪明健康,孕妇应努力进食,少吃多餐,吐了再吃。</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">一般来说,孕妇每天大约需摄取</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">10000</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">千焦的热量,并保障一定的蛋白质、脂肪、矿物质和维生素的摄入。不必诸多</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">忌口</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">”</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,多吃些蛋类、牛奶、鱼、肉、动物肝脏、豆制品、海带、蔬菜、水果等食物;还应粗细粮搭配。这样,既促进了食欲,增加了孕妇本身的营养需求,又为胎儿大脑的发育提供了物质基础。</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">注意补充微量元素</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">宝宝在母亲肚子里,脑细胞的发育需要各种营养素的供给。以下几种微量元素,是胎儿脑细胞发育过程中所必需的,妈咪可千万不要忽视呀。</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">微量元素</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">对智力的影响</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">含量多的食物</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> <br/></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">碘</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">如缺乏碘,孩子出生后易患呆小症,个子矮且智力低下。孕妇碘的供给量标准为每日</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">175</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">微克。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">海产品如海带、紫菜等</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> <br/></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">铁</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">缺乏铁,孩子的注意力和敏捷性可能会受到影响。另外,铁有助于红细胞健康发育,为胎儿提供足够的氧和养分。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">瘦肉、豆类、蛋、绿色蔬菜</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> <br/></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">锌</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">孕妇体内锌缺乏时,会增加畸胎发生率,并会影响胎儿脑细胞的生长、发育和成熟。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">麦芽、麦麸、全麦食品、坚果、洋葱、牡蛎</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> <br/></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">蛋白质</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">蛋白质的缺乏会直接影响胎儿脑细胞的形成。将来成人后,脑细胞数量可能少于正常人。</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">牛奶、鸡</span><font face="Times New Roman"> </font><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">蛋、瘦肉、鱼类、大豆制</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> <br/><br/></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">推荐食谱</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">早餐:</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman"> <br/></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">蛋</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">只(提供蛋白质)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">全麦面包(提供</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">B</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">族维生素和维生素</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">E</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、纤维素和铁)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">酸乳酪</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">250ml</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(富含钙)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">鲜橙汁</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">200ml (</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">维生素</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">C</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和水分</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">)<br/></font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">晨间点心:全麦消化饼</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">块(富含</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">B</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">族维生素和纤维素)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">牛奶</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">250ml</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(富含蛋白质和钙)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">香蕉</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">只(提供适量的钾,有助于铁的吸收,钾还有稳定情绪的作用)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">午餐:</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">花菜(提供叶酸、钙)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">米饭(提供纤维素和碳水化合物)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">沙丁鱼(提供优质蛋白质和钙、维生素</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">D</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">午间点心:水果色拉(提供维生素和矿物质)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">晚餐:</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">马铃薯(富含纤维素和碳水化合物)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">鸡肉(提供优质蛋白质)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">蔬菜(提供纤维素和维生素)</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">新鲜水果</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">夜宵:</span><span lang="EN-US"><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">牛奶、干酪和全麦饼干</span></p> [此贴子已经被作者于2006-12-8 17:44:28编辑过] smilekaitlyn 发表于 12/8/2006 5:21:00 PM
学习中penguin19 发表于 6/21/2007 11:21:00 AM
首先天天用电脑。
其次前3个月反应挺大的,根本没有胃口吃下东西。要follow这里面孕早期的食谱不大现实。
最后,说前10周不能做B超。我的医生是要求做的。医生说什么我也就做什么了。
楼主真是好人呐,我好感谢你的好帖子呢!!!!非常感谢你
!!
很详细,谢谢lz!!
我1st trimester反应比较大,我的OB说如果食欲不好的话问题不大,因为前三个月胎儿并不需要太多营养
所以能吃下什么就吃什么,吃不下就不用勉强
并没有提到lz所说过的前3个月饮食不均衡会影响智力发育
anyway,希望从4个月开始能有所改善了。
以下是引用smilekaitlyn在12/8/2006 5:21:00 PM的发言:
二十一、哪些因素影响胎儿智力
早孕反应影响胎儿智力
由于孕妇在妊娠早期(头三个月),常出现食欲减退、恶心、呕吐、偏食等早孕反应,造成摄入营养较低,这样就会影响胎儿智力发育。明白了这个道理,准妈妈们就应主动想法控制呕吐,稳定情绪,以多样化的食物可以引起食欲,保证营养的平衡。即使是吐了,也要及时补充营养。为了将来孩子的聪明健康,孕妇应努力进食,少吃多餐,吐了再吃。
一般来说,孕妇每天大约需摄取10000千焦的热量,并保障一定的蛋白质、脂肪、矿物质和维生素的摄入。不必诸多“忌口”,多吃些蛋类、牛奶、鱼、肉、动物肝脏、豆制品、海带、蔬菜、水果等食物;还应粗细粮搭配。这样,既促进了食欲,增加了孕妇本身的营养需求,又为胎儿大脑的发育提供了物质基础。
注意补充微量元素
宝宝在母亲肚子里,脑细胞的发育需要各种营养素的供给。以下几种微量元素,是胎儿脑细胞发育过程中所必需的,妈咪可千万不要忽视呀。
微量元素 对智力的影响 含量多的食物
碘 如缺乏碘,孩子出生后易患呆小症,个子矮且智力低下。孕妇碘的供给量标准为每日175微克。 海产品如海带、紫菜等
铁 缺乏铁,孩子的注意力和敏捷性可能会受到影响。另外,铁有助于红细胞健康发育,为胎儿提供足够的氧和养分。 瘦肉、豆类、蛋、绿色蔬菜
锌 孕妇体内锌缺乏时,会增加畸胎发生率,并会影响胎儿脑细胞的生长、发育和成熟。 麦芽、麦麸、全麦食品、坚果、洋葱、牡蛎
蛋白质 蛋白质的缺乏会直接影响胎儿脑细胞的形成。将来成人后,脑细胞数量可能少于正常人。 牛奶、鸡 蛋、瘦肉、鱼类、大豆制
推荐食谱
早餐:
蛋1只(提供蛋白质)
全麦面包(提供B族维生素和维生素E、纤维素和铁)
酸乳酪250ml(富含钙)
鲜橙汁200ml (维生素C和水分)
晨间点心:全麦消化饼2块(富含B族维生素和纤维素)
牛奶250ml(富含蛋白质和钙)
香蕉1只(提供适量的钾,有助于铁的吸收,钾还有稳定情绪的作用)
午餐:
花菜(提供叶酸、钙)
米饭(提供纤维素和碳水化合物)
沙丁鱼(提供优质蛋白质和钙、维生素D)
午间点心:水果色拉(提供维生素和矿物质)
晚餐:
马铃薯(富含纤维素和碳水化合物)
鸡肉(提供优质蛋白质)
蔬菜(提供纤维素和维生素)
新鲜水果
夜宵:
牛奶、干酪和全麦饼干
[此贴子已经被作者于2006-12-8 17:44:28编辑过]
好长啊,谢谢分享
lz辛苦啦~~ 我也都全文收藏啦 感谢感谢~~ 希望今年好孕~~
★ 发自iPhone App: ChineseWeb - 中文网站浏览器
以下是引用 Michelle-qm 的发言:
有点疑惑,之前看到网上说准妈妈不能吃海产品,包括海鱼,文中提到海鱼含有DHA,所以,到底能不能吃?
★ Sent from iPhone App: i-Reader Huaren 7.36
mark
★ 发自iPhone App: ChineseWeb - 中文网站浏览器
以下是引用smilekaitlyn在12/8/2006 5:21:00 PM的发言:
二十
哪些因素影响胎儿智力 不能让孩子输在起跑线上”这句话被用得越来越多,这正反映了现今社会对培养一个高质量的孩子的重视。
让胎儿的头脑发育得更好,这是"胎教"的一个重要课题。了解影响胎儿智力的因素,让我们的宝宝从胎儿开始,就赢在起跑线上。
健全聪明的大脑是怎样发育的
在怀孕第四周的时候,受精卵发育而成的内囊胚开始变为胚胎,出现三个不同的胚层,将发育成不同的器官、肌肉、皮肤、骨骼等等;第十周是胎儿发育的重要阶段,脑正在迅速发育,每分钟约有25万个神经细胞形成;一直到22周胎儿的脑神经才基本发育完善,宝宝也有了感觉和意识。
由此可见,大脑发育的关键时期是孕期的最初三个月,这个时期称为脑神经细胞激增期,而脑细胞增殖的特点是"一次性完成的",这就需要孕妇在这一时期特别要注意营养的摄入。若营养不良,胎儿的脑细胞分裂增殖就减少,也就造成脑细胞永久性减少,同时脑细胞的体积增大和髓鞘形成均受到影响,致使智力发生障碍。
同样,临床研究以及长期的经验告诉我们,出生后的头六个月也是宝宝大脑进一步完善的重要时期,这个阶段的营养好坏也关系到宝宝的聪明与否。营养不良在产后早期主要是对细胞数量的损伤,而后期主要是对细胞体积的损伤,产后营养不良还可影响脑的髓鞘化及细胞内酶的成熟。
保证充足的营养,是健康聪明宝宝诞生的前提。
[此贴子已经被作者于2006-12-8 17:36:45编辑过]
★ 发自Android 华人阅览器 5.5
比如用电脑啊,房事啊。运动啊
Mark
★ 发自iPhone App: ChineseWeb 7.8
mm辛苦了。
[此贴子已经被作者于2006-12-8 23:54:16编辑过]
★ 发自Android 华人阅览器 6.3
太有用了,谢谢MM
Thanks for sharing