下面列举的条细 来自以下网站: https://taxfoundation.org/joe-biden-tax-plan-2020/ Biden’s plan includes the following payroll tax, individual income tax, and estate and gift tax changes: Imposes a 12.4 percent Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (Social Security) payroll tax on income earned above $400,000, evenly split between employers and employees. This would create a “donut hole” in the current Social Security payroll tax, where wages between $137,700, the current wage cap, and $400,000 are not taxed.[1] # 除了现在13万7千的社安税之外,(13.7 到40W 之间的不课税); 超过40W的payroll 收入部分 要多收12.4% 的 社保税, 公司也要多付对应的部分。 注意这个是针对Payroll tax 的 (比如salary, RSU); 对高W2收入的家庭的影响,就是家庭超过40W的部分, 影响很大。 公司养这个群体的成本也变相的增加了。 但是对于非W2收入的家庭的影响还好。 比如如果 家庭收入来源于股票的投资收益的, 可以说影响很小(比如Buffet)。 不知道下面这个方法可不可行: 大公司可能会推出延迟提取收入的方式, 让高W2的员工当年只提取有限的payroll+RSU部分, 然后剩下的留在公司来投资和以后再补发;
Reverts the top individual income tax rate for taxable incomes above $400,000 from 37 percent under current law to the pre-Tax Cuts and Jobs Act level of 39.6 percent. # 这条比价直接, 就不多说了。 Taxes long-term capital gains and qualified dividends at the ordinary income tax rate of 39.6 percent on income above $1 million and eliminates step-up in basis for capital gains taxation.[2] # 这条很tricky,搞不好会动美国的市场的根本; 也很高兴Biden没有向其他民主党候选人那样极端; 涉及到的对经济和市场的短长期效果需要时间来验证。 个人觉得这会变相的鼓励机构长持股票(好多年分批慢慢套利), 使得一些基本面好的公司会有更多的机构愿意买入和长期持有。同时中小公司是否更难获得青睐? 关于“eliminates step-up in basis for capital gains taxation” 这条我会和下面的遗产税的条款一起来谈。
Caps the tax benefit of itemized deductions to 28 percent of value for those earning more than $400,000, which means that taxpayers earning above that income threshold with tax rates higher than 28 percent would face limited itemized deductions. Restores the Pease limitation on itemized deductions for taxable incomes above $400,000. Phases out the qualified business income deduction (Section 199A) for filers with taxable income above $400,000. # 上面的几条, 有小biz的同学可以评论一下。 Expands the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) for childless workers aged 65+; provides renewable-energy-related tax credits to individuals. Expands the Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit (CDCTC) from a maximum of $3,000 in qualified expenses to $8,000 ($16,000 for multiple dependents) and increases the maximum reimbursement rate from 35 percent to 50 percent. For 2021 and as long as economic conditions require, increases the Child Tax Credit (CTC) from a maximum value of $2,000 to $3,000 for children 17 or younger, while providing a $600 bonus credit for children under 6. The CTC would also be made fully refundable, removing the $2,500 reimbursement threshold and 15 percent phase-in rate.[3] # 这两条挺好的, 这些年生活成本越来越高, 增加对老人的照顾和下一代的投入是好事。 Reestablishes the First-Time Homebuyers’ Tax Credit, which was originally created during the Great Recession to help the housing market. Biden’s homebuyers’ credit would provide up to $15,000 for first-time homebuyers.[4]
Expands the estate and gift tax by restoring the rate and exemption to 2009 levels. # 这条才是对富人下刀子; 如果回到 2009年的水平的话,那是会有很多的阻力的; 因为那时夫妻 (350W一个人)两加起来一共才700W美元的免税额度; 过去十年的经济发展使得很多家庭的资产有大幅的增长; 直接回到2009年 (350W 一个人)没有考虑到美国国家财富的增长和通货膨胀, 是不切实际的。 个人估计会谈到恢复到2016年的水平+ 调整通货膨胀, 所以大约会回到600 W 美元一个人, 并且一旦通过实施的时间会是2022年度。 现在很多的trust 律师的生意估计非常的好, 富人群体已经在, 并且会在21年内加速建立不可撤销的家庭信托来转移资产的。 同时可以猜到, 一些life insurance 可能会又有一波新的业务。 这里, 结合上面的 “eliminates step-up in basis for capital gains taxation”, 我来谈一下个人的看法。 我觉得除非这个国家真的“仇富“, 否则降低遗产税免税额度 和 取消basis step-up 两条中 因该 只能通过一个。 详细的介绍和讨论: 遗产税 主要是为了避免社会财富过度向富人倾斜从而照成社会阶层固化;它能迫使财富再流通来造福社会; 研究表明,遗产税对于直接增加国家财政收入的作用不大, 因为很多人已经 通过 信托和慈善基金会 来转移资产了。 但遗产税也有诟病的地方:很多人有一个问题, 我的财富是我劳动所得, 已经交过很高的收入税了, 为什么还要再交一次? 这里就涉及到当下的long term capital gain 的 basis set up了; 今天股票等投资资产作为遗产pass 给下一代的时候, 只要在estate tax exemption 之内, 后代拿到后当天卖出, 是一分钱的税都不要交的, 这里就变相使得那部分长期增值的部分的税收被漏收了(但是还在百姓手里)。 不过只要 estate tax exemption 没有太高, 还是相对公平的。 但是, 试想一下, 如果国家吧 estate tax exemption 的 limit 下调 + 又取消basis set up, 那就真的是 重复收税。 这样会照成 大大的打击国家 的中小企业和中上产阶层的积极性, 然而对巨富来讲, 起的作用有限, 因为人家本来就是通过上市前信托持有股份 和 慈善基金来控制财富和权力的。那么可以猜想一下, 如果双管齐下, 那么 这个国家就真的在两级分化的路上狂奔了。 可惜的是, 这两条很容易被党派来用来安抚平困人群(投票的大多数), 但是事实上又影响不到巨富阶级( 反而伤害了最有 或者比较有创造力的人群 不来这个国家或者离开这个国家)。 所以每次Buffet们说现在税收太低时, 我都想一口吐沫吐他们的脸上; 税所的目的为了增加国家财富, 嫌税少, 那你们联合起来把钱直接捐给国家或者发给员工(他们代缴好了) 好不好? 如果真的如加州现在准备搞的那样, 对巨富按总资产来收税(0.3%),或者对捐赠给慈善基金会的钱按比例收税(不用多,一次性10% 或者 20%), 看你们还会不会说的这么洒脱? 不好意思, 带有个人情绪了。。。
所以下面说说企业税的变动。 这个才是国家应该订上的部分, 并且由于历史上 很多的企业长期游说, 使得这里面漏洞很多。 同理, 估计很多大企业会加大 国会游说, 这些政策的实施 估计会大有阻力 或者大打折扣。 Biden’s plan also includes the following proposed business tax changes: Increases the corporate income tax rate from 21 percent to 28 percent.[5] # 这条会增加企业成本,但是注意这是 income tax, 所以我只要账面上不赚钱, 你拿我没有办法; 这会使得企业轻现金, 会加大支出, 可能对美国经济不见的一定是坏事。 Creates a minimum tax on corporations with book profits of $100 million or higher. The minimum tax is structured as an alternative minimum tax—corporations will pay the greater of their regular corporate income tax or the 15 percent minimum tax while still allowing for net operating loss (NOL) and foreign tax credits.[6] # 这条比较狠,动真格的; 可能是比上面那条更容易收取到大公司比如亚马逊的税收。 要是真的通过, 算你牛。 不知道有没有懂行的同学来进一步评论一下? Doubles the tax rate on Global Intangible Low Tax Income (GILTI) earned by foreign subsidiaries of US firms from 10.5 percent to 21 percent. In addition to doubling the tax rate assessed on GILTI, Biden proposes to assess GILTI on a country-by-country basis and eliminate GILTI’s exemption for deemed returns under 10 percent of qualified business asset investment (QBAI).[7] Establishes a Manufacturing Communities Tax Credit to reduce the tax liability of businesses that experience workforce layoffs or a major government institution closure Expands the New Markets Tax Credit and makes it permanent. # 上面几条都是鼓励资本回到美国来投资,长期会有效果, 但是同理相信各个大型跨国企业都有避税的方式。 请懂行的同学来进一步评论一下。 Offers tax credits to small business for adopting workplace retirement savings plans。 # 如果人家本来就没有, 那么这个credit 没有什么意义。 Expands several renewable-energy-related tax credits, including tax credits for carbon capture, use, and storage as well as credits for residential energy efficiency, and a restoration of the Energy Investment Tax Credit (ITC) and the Electric Vehicle Tax Credit. The Biden plan would also end tax subsidies for fossil fuels. # 会改变投资离开传统的石油工业么, 传统汽车工业,而进入清洁能源行业; TESLA 等公司 是受利的。 Other proposals not modeled due to a lack of detailed information include: Imposing a new 10 percent surtax on corporations that “offshore manufacturing and service jobs to foreign nations in order to sell goods or provide services back to the American market.”[8] This surtax would raise the effective corporate tax rate on this activity up to 30.8 percent. # 这对很多大公司(如苹果)是非常不利的,短期美国的人力成本使得大面积回来开厂的可能性没有, 可能有一部分产线会回来; 同时价格会转嫁到用户身上; 还有你已经有上面几条海外公司的加税政策了, 这条是不是太过了?另一个问题: 对本来就是海外的公司来美国卖同类的产品, 你又如何收税?是不是白白的打压了自己公司的竞争力。 Establishing an advanceable 10 percent “Made in America” tax credit for activities that restore production, revitalize existing closed or closing facilities, retool facilities to advance manufacturing employment, or expand manufacturing payroll.[9] # 这个如何定义和规范?是一次性的还是每年都有? Again, 如果当下是对企业收入收税 (如果一直不赚钱, 怎么返?) 返回10%的话, 可能很难改变人家一开始要关闭企业的决定。 Equalizing the tax benefits of traditional retirement accounts (such as 401(k)s and individual retirement accounts) by providing a refundable tax credit in place of traditional deductibility.[10] # 这个就是 拍脑袋了, 眼睛盯上了不该盯的地方了。 说不好听的, 很多401K 和 退休账户是帮国家分摊了一部分责任, 它们不是只在占用国家的好处。
Eliminating certain real estate industry tax provisions. Expanding the Affordable Care Act’s premium tax credit. Creating a refundable renter’s tax credit capped at $5 billion per year, aimed at holding rent and utility payments at 30 percent of monthly income. Increasing the generosity of the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit. # 上面几条, 完全是撒钱了, 适当的程度是可以的, 但是就怕好心办坏事或者办低效率的事, 使得整个社会的成本大大增加。 欢迎讨论。
首先, 我个人先前 是非常反对的拜登政府的税务政策, 因为我一直觉得政府通过高税收来分配财富会是低效的, 可能没有通过企业和市场来做来的更有效。 但是不得不说, 长期来看, 政府也不因该一直低税收, 因为财富的分配不均匀的情况的确越来越严重。
做了一些搜索,和大家一起讨论一下。
几点声明: 1)知识和理解有限, 只会对一些条款做些个人的理解和评论, 欢迎大家一起讨论, 有不准确的地方, 请帮忙指正和补充。 2)任何的税收政策, 一般的目的: 增加国家财政收入 和 调节社会财富分配; 所以都有它受益的人群 和不利的人群, 大家讨论时请心平气和一下下。。。 3)同理,任何政策都有它短期和长期的效果。。。 4)欢迎在适当评论和批评的政策同时,讨论一下对策。。。
另
5)如果1月份, Georgia的参议员选举 一旦共和党获胜, 那么很多的税收政策通过会受到制衡。 但是无论谁赢的参议院多数, 大的方向还是会加税的,因为 美国的低利率是不能长久的, 国家必须通过一些确定的方式增加财政收入来降低债务的增加。
下面列举的条细 来自以下网站:
https://taxfoundation.org/joe-biden-tax-plan-2020/
Biden’s plan includes the following payroll tax, individual income tax, and estate and gift tax changes: Imposes a 12.4 percent Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (Social Security) payroll tax on income earned above $400,000, evenly split between employers and employees. This would create a “donut hole” in the current Social Security payroll tax, where wages between $137,700, the current wage cap, and $400,000 are not taxed.[1]
# 除了现在13万7千的社安税之外,(13.7 到40W 之间的不课税); 超过40W的payroll 收入部分 要多收12.4% 的 社保税, 公司也要多付对应的部分。 注意这个是针对Payroll tax 的 (比如salary, RSU); 对高W2收入的家庭的影响,就是家庭超过40W的部分, 影响很大。 公司养这个群体的成本也变相的增加了。 但是对于非W2收入的家庭的影响还好。 比如如果 家庭收入来源于股票的投资收益的, 可以说影响很小(比如Buffet)。
不知道下面这个方法可不可行: 大公司可能会推出延迟提取收入的方式, 让高W2的员工当年只提取有限的payroll+RSU部分, 然后剩下的留在公司来投资和以后再补发;
Reverts the top individual income tax rate for taxable incomes above $400,000 from 37 percent under current law to the pre-Tax Cuts and Jobs Act level of 39.6 percent. # 这条比价直接, 就不多说了。
Taxes long-term capital gains and qualified dividends at the ordinary income tax rate of 39.6 percent on income above $1 million and eliminates step-up in basis for capital gains taxation.[2]
# 这条很tricky,搞不好会动美国的市场的根本; 也很高兴Biden没有向其他民主党候选人那样极端; 涉及到的对经济和市场的短长期效果需要时间来验证。 个人觉得这会变相的鼓励机构长持股票(好多年分批慢慢套利), 使得一些基本面好的公司会有更多的机构愿意买入和长期持有。同时中小公司是否更难获得青睐? 关于“eliminates step-up in basis for capital gains taxation” 这条我会和下面的遗产税的条款一起来谈。
Caps the tax benefit of itemized deductions to 28 percent of value for those earning more than $400,000, which means that taxpayers earning above that income threshold with tax rates higher than 28 percent would face limited itemized deductions. Restores the Pease limitation on itemized deductions for taxable incomes above $400,000. Phases out the qualified business income deduction (Section 199A) for filers with taxable income above $400,000. # 上面的几条, 有小biz的同学可以评论一下。
Expands the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) for childless workers aged 65+; provides renewable-energy-related tax credits to individuals. Expands the Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit (CDCTC) from a maximum of $3,000 in qualified expenses to $8,000 ($16,000 for multiple dependents) and increases the maximum reimbursement rate from 35 percent to 50 percent. For 2021 and as long as economic conditions require, increases the Child Tax Credit (CTC) from a maximum value of $2,000 to $3,000 for children 17 or younger, while providing a $600 bonus credit for children under 6. The CTC would also be made fully refundable, removing the $2,500 reimbursement threshold and 15 percent phase-in rate.[3] # 这两条挺好的, 这些年生活成本越来越高, 增加对老人的照顾和下一代的投入是好事。
Reestablishes the First-Time Homebuyers’ Tax Credit, which was originally created during the Great Recession to help the housing market. Biden’s homebuyers’ credit would provide up to $15,000 for first-time homebuyers.[4]
Expands the estate and gift tax by restoring the rate and exemption to 2009 levels. # 这条才是对富人下刀子; 如果回到 2009年的水平的话,那是会有很多的阻力的; 因为那时夫妻 (350W一个人)两加起来一共才700W美元的免税额度; 过去十年的经济发展使得很多家庭的资产有大幅的增长; 直接回到2009年 (350W 一个人)没有考虑到美国国家财富的增长和通货膨胀, 是不切实际的。
个人估计会谈到恢复到2016年的水平+ 调整通货膨胀, 所以大约会回到600 W 美元一个人, 并且一旦通过实施的时间会是2022年度。
现在很多的trust 律师的生意估计非常的好, 富人群体已经在, 并且会在21年内加速建立不可撤销的家庭信托来转移资产的。 同时可以猜到, 一些life insurance 可能会又有一波新的业务。
这里, 结合上面的 “eliminates step-up in basis for capital gains taxation”, 我来谈一下个人的看法。 我觉得除非这个国家真的“仇富“, 否则降低遗产税免税额度 和 取消basis step-up 两条中 因该 只能通过一个。 详细的介绍和讨论:
遗产税 主要是为了避免社会财富过度向富人倾斜从而照成社会阶层固化;它能迫使财富再流通来造福社会; 研究表明,遗产税对于直接增加国家财政收入的作用不大, 因为很多人已经 通过 信托和慈善基金会 来转移资产了。
但遗产税也有诟病的地方:很多人有一个问题, 我的财富是我劳动所得, 已经交过很高的收入税了, 为什么还要再交一次? 这里就涉及到当下的long term capital gain 的 basis set up了; 今天股票等投资资产作为遗产pass 给下一代的时候, 只要在estate tax exemption 之内, 后代拿到后当天卖出, 是一分钱的税都不要交的, 这里就变相使得那部分长期增值的部分的税收被漏收了(但是还在百姓手里)。 不过只要 estate tax exemption 没有太高, 还是相对公平的。
但是, 试想一下, 如果国家吧 estate tax exemption 的 limit 下调 + 又取消basis set up, 那就真的是 重复收税。 这样会照成 大大的打击国家 的中小企业和中上产阶层的积极性, 然而对巨富来讲, 起的作用有限, 因为人家本来就是通过上市前信托持有股份 和 慈善基金来控制财富和权力的。那么可以猜想一下, 如果双管齐下, 那么 这个国家就真的在两级分化的路上狂奔了。
可惜的是, 这两条很容易被党派来用来安抚平困人群(投票的大多数), 但是事实上又影响不到巨富阶级( 反而伤害了最有 或者比较有创造力的人群 不来这个国家或者离开这个国家)。
所以每次Buffet们说现在税收太低时, 我都想一口吐沫吐他们的脸上; 税所的目的为了增加国家财富, 嫌税少, 那你们联合起来把钱直接捐给国家或者发给员工(他们代缴好了) 好不好? 如果真的如加州现在准备搞的那样, 对巨富按总资产来收税(0.3%),或者对捐赠给慈善基金会的钱按比例收税(不用多,一次性10% 或者 20%), 看你们还会不会说的这么洒脱? 不好意思, 带有个人情绪了。。。
所以下面说说企业税的变动。 这个才是国家应该订上的部分, 并且由于历史上 很多的企业长期游说, 使得这里面漏洞很多。
同理, 估计很多大企业会加大 国会游说, 这些政策的实施 估计会大有阻力 或者大打折扣。
Biden’s plan also includes the following proposed business tax changes: Increases the corporate income tax rate from 21 percent to 28 percent.[5] # 这条会增加企业成本,但是注意这是 income tax, 所以我只要账面上不赚钱, 你拿我没有办法; 这会使得企业轻现金, 会加大支出, 可能对美国经济不见的一定是坏事。
Creates a minimum tax on corporations with book profits of $100 million or higher. The minimum tax is structured as an alternative minimum tax—corporations will pay the greater of their regular corporate income tax or the 15 percent minimum tax while still allowing for net operating loss (NOL) and foreign tax credits.[6] # 这条比较狠,动真格的; 可能是比上面那条更容易收取到大公司比如亚马逊的税收。 要是真的通过, 算你牛。 不知道有没有懂行的同学来进一步评论一下?
Doubles the tax rate on Global Intangible Low Tax Income (GILTI) earned by foreign subsidiaries of US firms from 10.5 percent to 21 percent. In addition to doubling the tax rate assessed on GILTI, Biden proposes to assess GILTI on a country-by-country basis and eliminate GILTI’s exemption for deemed returns under 10 percent of qualified business asset investment (QBAI).[7] Establishes a Manufacturing Communities Tax Credit to reduce the tax liability of businesses that experience workforce layoffs or a major government institution closure Expands the New Markets Tax Credit and makes it permanent. # 上面几条都是鼓励资本回到美国来投资,长期会有效果, 但是同理相信各个大型跨国企业都有避税的方式。 请懂行的同学来进一步评论一下。
Offers tax credits to small business for adopting workplace retirement savings plans。 # 如果人家本来就没有, 那么这个credit 没有什么意义。
Expands several renewable-energy-related tax credits, including tax credits for carbon capture, use, and storage as well as credits for residential energy efficiency, and a restoration of the Energy Investment Tax Credit (ITC) and the Electric Vehicle Tax Credit. The Biden plan would also end tax subsidies for fossil fuels. # 会改变投资离开传统的石油工业么, 传统汽车工业,而进入清洁能源行业; TESLA 等公司 是受利的。
Other proposals not modeled due to a lack of detailed information include: Imposing a new 10 percent surtax on corporations that “offshore manufacturing and service jobs to foreign nations in order to sell goods or provide services back to the American market.”[8] This surtax would raise the effective corporate tax rate on this activity up to 30.8 percent. # 这对很多大公司(如苹果)是非常不利的,短期美国的人力成本使得大面积回来开厂的可能性没有, 可能有一部分产线会回来; 同时价格会转嫁到用户身上; 还有你已经有上面几条海外公司的加税政策了, 这条是不是太过了?另一个问题: 对本来就是海外的公司来美国卖同类的产品, 你又如何收税?是不是白白的打压了自己公司的竞争力。
Establishing an advanceable 10 percent “Made in America” tax credit for activities that restore production, revitalize existing closed or closing facilities, retool facilities to advance manufacturing employment, or expand manufacturing payroll.[9]
# 这个如何定义和规范?是一次性的还是每年都有? Again, 如果当下是对企业收入收税 (如果一直不赚钱, 怎么返?) 返回10%的话, 可能很难改变人家一开始要关闭企业的决定。
Equalizing the tax benefits of traditional retirement accounts (such as 401(k)s and individual retirement accounts) by providing a refundable tax credit in place of traditional deductibility.[10] # 这个就是 拍脑袋了, 眼睛盯上了不该盯的地方了。 说不好听的, 很多401K 和 退休账户是帮国家分摊了一部分责任, 它们不是只在占用国家的好处。
Eliminating certain real estate industry tax provisions. Expanding the Affordable Care Act’s premium tax credit. Creating a refundable renter’s tax credit capped at $5 billion per year, aimed at holding rent and utility payments at 30 percent of monthly income. Increasing the generosity of the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit. # 上面几条, 完全是撒钱了, 适当的程度是可以的, 但是就怕好心办坏事或者办低效率的事, 使得整个社会的成本大大增加。
欢迎讨论。
“所以每次Buffet们说现在税收太低时, 我都想一口吐沫吐他们的脸上; 税所的目的为了增加国家财富, 嫌税少, 那你们联合起来把钱直接捐给国家或者发给员工(他们代缴好了) 好不好? 如果真的如加州现在准备搞的那样, 对巨富按总资产来收税(0.3%),或者对捐赠给慈善基金会的钱按比例收税(不用多,一次性10% 或者 20%), 看你们还会不会说的这么洒脱?“
赞同!
既然知道这批人通过做账想交多少就交多少税,你那个mininum tax有啥用呢?
纯粹吃饱了撑的。。。。