This posting is communicated by Edward C. Holmes, University of Sydney on behalf of the consortium led by Professor Yong-Zhen Zhang, Fudan University, Shanghai
The Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & School of Public Health, in collaboration with the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, the Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control, and the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia is releasing a coronavirus genome from a case of a respiratory disease from the Wuhan outbreak. The sequence has also been deposited on GenBank (accession MN908947 22.5k) and will be released as soon as possible. Update: This genome is now available on GenBank and an updated version has been posted 22.5k. Disclaimer: Please feel free to download, share, use, and analyze this data. We ask that you communicate with us if you wish to publish results that use these data in a journal. If you have any other questions –then please also contact us directly. Professor Yong-Zhen Zhang, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. email: [email protected]“ 至今，NIH gene bank 新冠基因序列的发现credit还是张教授团队的：https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN908947 UPDATE: genbank每次作者update 序列都有记录，而且不是新序列覆盖原序列，而是编号保存每次上传序列，所以Dr. Zhang第一次上传和以后两次update编号成MN908947.1, MN908947.2, MN908947 链接如下： https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN908947.1https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN908947.2https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN908947 所以，不存在上传错误序列误导其他学者的可能性，每一次序列都完整记录在案。如果是专业人员也可以看到这些更新都是minor勘误性质的，对数据分析的影响可以忽略。 另外，基因序列update是common practice, 作着可以随时更新， genbank有FAQ/protocol 指导update sequence的操作,链接在此： https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/update/ "Updating Information on GenBank Records The following information provides the different methods to submit updates to GenBank in order to ensure that your update is processed quickly and correctly. Updates provided in an incorrect format will not be processed. All update files should be saved as plain text and mailed to [email protected]. If you are updating multiple records, please send a list of all accessions to be updated at the top of your request."
然后1月12日，中国CDC， 中国医学科学院，武汉金银潭医院跟进发布了另外五个新冠病毒全序列在GISAID (an acronym standing for Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data, 一个方便科学家迅速交换病毒病原体信息的国际平台）。至今，每天全世界还在上传各地测得的新冠序列，更新进化树，方便病毒溯源等。 https://virological.org/t/novel-2019-coronavirus-genome/319 arambautARTIC Network Jan 12 Five new genomes have been deposited in the GISAID platform: https://gisaid.org/CoV2020 3.1k 注意，这里时间是1月12日，就是说，除NIH genebank之外，有GISAID做为新冠基因序列的数据库。 然后，全世界各地科学家迅速开展分析，并第一时间考察新冠和其他已知冠状病毒的关系，构建进化树。下面是Dr. Trevor Bradford （Scientist @fredhutch , studying viruses, evolution and immunity. Collection of threads here: https://bedford.io/misc/twitter/
Seattle, WA） 1月12日发布的新冠进化树： https://twitter.com/trvrb/status/1216497614423638017 Thanks to rapid and open data sharing by China CDC, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Institute of Pathogen Biology and Fudan University, we know genomes from 6 of the novel coronaviruses isolated in Wuhan. I''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''ve posted a tree of these viruses here: https://nextstrain.org/groups/blab/sars-like-cov 1/4 5:10 PM ·Jan 12, 2020·Twitter Web App UPDATE: 进化树右下方六个红点是1月12日全世界已知新冠基因序列，分别是WH-Human_1, 张团队上传，存于genbank， 其他五个是中国CDC， 中科院，武汉金银潭（武汉病毒所）上传存于GISAID的完整序列。就是说即使没有genbank 张团队上传序列，进化树一样可以建立，并显示当时已知最接近新冠的冠状病毒是来自舟山蝙蝠的冠状病毒。 所以，Genbank一月十四日序列的更新对全世界科学家分析新冠进化关系毫无影响。他们的发现一月十四日前后并不会有任何不同。
另外，这里下面是gene bank关于更新序列的程序说明。如果update draft sequence不是common practice, 需要搞这么个FAQ/protocol 说明么？ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/wgs_update/ Updating Information on GenBank Genome Records The following information provides the different methods to submit updates for draft genomes in order to ensure that your update is processed quickly and correctly. Updates provided in an incorrect format will delay processing. All update files should be saved as plain text. If you are updating multiple records, please send a list of all accessions to be updated at the top of your request. Update Formats Author InformationAdd a PublicationSource InformationA new assembly of the genome (sequence update)Changing text or adding new qualifiers for existing featuresAdding or removing a few featuresRe-annotating existing records (adding or removing or moving many features) Author Information Replace any non-ASCII characters (for example, characters with accents and umlauts) with the appropriate English letters, and send a 2-column table with the accession number in column 1 and the author names listed as "given_name middle_initial surname" in column 2, where the middle_initial is optional. For example: ARTP00000000 Thomas Smith, Robert T. Jones, Susan Zhu, Michael N. Boone AMQC00000000 Robert T. Jones, Martin M.J. Roberts, Henry P. Allen Add a Publication To add a publication, provide the PubMedID, if one has been assigned. Otherwise, replace any non-ASCII characters (for example, characters with accents and umlauts) with the appropriate English letters and provide the journal name and paper title. Provide the authors in a 2-column table with the accession number in column 1 and the author names listed as "given_name middle_initial surname" in column 2, where the middle_initial is optional. For example: ARTP00000000 Thomas Smith, Robert T. Jones, Susan Zhu, Michael N. Boone Nature Genetics. Genome sequence of the ABCD organism. Source Information Send updates to the source information (i.e. strain, cultivar, country, specimen_voucher) in a multi-column tab-delimited table, See https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Sequin/modifiers.html for a list of valid qualifiers. For example: acc. num. strain country XXXX00000000 82 USA XXXY00000000 ABC Canada A new assembly of the genome (sequence update) If you have updated the sequence and the chromosomes of the genome are still in multiple pieces, then create a new WGS submission as you did before following the instructions. Upload the new files in the Genome Submission Portal and select 'yes' that it is an update to an existing genome. Include the WGS accession XXXX00000000 in the box. Be sure to use the same BioProject and BioSample IDs that are in the original genome. The sequences will be assigned new accession numbers and the master accession will increment to the next version, e.g., XXXX01000000 would update to XXXX02000000. See more information about WGS accession numbers. If the chromosomes of the genome are now each in a single sequence, then submit this genome assembly as a complete genome by choosing option 1 (non-wgs genomes) on the Files tab of a new submission in the Genome Submission Portal. Select 'yes' that it is an update to an existing genome and include the WGS accession XXXX00000000 in the box. Be sure to use the same BioProject and BioSample IDs that are in the original genome. Create prokaryotic files as described at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/genomesubmit. Annotate eukaryotic genomes as described at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/eukaryotic_genome_submission_annotation/ Changing text or adding new qualifiers for existing features Use a tab-delimited table for simple updates to existing features (e.g., changing product names or adding EC_numbers to existing CDS features). The first row in the table would be the headers, with subsequent rows for each qualifier being modified or added. The first column is the accession or contig name, the second is locus_tag, and subsequent columns are the qualifiers being changed. For example: Accession Locus_tag gene_name CDS_product CDS note gene note XXXX01000001 Abc_xxxx lacZ beta-galactosidase present in multiple copies XXXX01000010 Abc_xxxy helicase required for replication Also indicate whether blank cells mean 'delete what is present' or 'no change'. A blank cell in the CDS_product can never mean 'delete' since that is a required field. You only need to include the features that are changing. New product names will need to follow the protein naming conventions; see the Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Genome Guidelines. NOTE: You cannot add, remove, or change the locations of new features (e.g., new CDS or gene) this way. If you want to make those changes, then see the instructions below. Adding or removing a few features If you are only adding a few new features, then you could send a small 5-column Feature Table .tbl file that has only the new features. However, if there are many changes, then follow the instructions below for re-annotating existing records. For more information about this table format see the Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic Genome Guidelines. If you are only removing a few features, send us a list of the locus_tags for the features that need to be removed. We will let you know if we find any issues when the update file is processed, e.g., if a CDS overlaps an rRNA feature. Email the files to [email protected] andinclude the WGS accession in the request. Re-annotating existing records (adding or removing or moving features) If the genome has been released with annotation and you want to update the annotation (but not change the sequences), create a new annotated submission as you did originally, and submit the update via the WGS submission portal https://submit.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/subs/wgs/. We will replace all of the existing annotation with the annotation in the new file. The fasta header in the update must include the contig identifier (SeqID) used in the original submission and the accession numbers. The correct format for the identifiers in such an update is: gnl|WGS:XXXX|SeqID|gb|XXXX01xxxxxx where XXXX is the accession prefix and XXXX01xxxxxx is the contig accession number. You should have received an xxxx.accs file containing the contig identifiers and accession numbers when the genome was released. Let us know if you need a copy of this file. Please see the WGS page for instructions about how to generate a WGS submission. In addition, be sure to read either the Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic Genome Guidelines. In the standard situation for WGS genomes, annotation is not tracked from the previous version to the new version. The locus_tag prefix always remains the same; however, the locus_tags would need to be unique in the new annotation, both within the update and compared to the previous annotation. A simple way to ensure uniqueness is to use a different number of digits after the underscore in the locus_tag. For example, if the registered locus_tag prefix is ABC and the previous annotation has 4 digits after the underscore (ABC_0001), then the new annotation could have 5 digits (ABC_00001). Similarly, the protein_ids must be unique compared to the previous assembly. By using the locus_tag in the protein_id, this uniqueness could be maintained, for example: gnl|WGS:xxxx|ABC\_00001 where XXXX is the accession number prefix of the project. Alternatively, you could track the annotation from the previous version to this update. Note that this is not required. Track both the locus_tag's and protein_id's so that they are included when the gene/CDS is retained in the new annotation, even if the nucleotide location is modified slightly (e.g., the start codon is being extended upstream). To track the proteins, the protein_id's must have the format: gnl|WGS:xxxx|SeqID|gb|accession\_number where XXXX is the accession number prefix of the project, SeqID is the protein SeqId (column 1 of the p2g file) and accession_number is the protein accession number (column 2 of the p2g file). You should have received a p2g file with the release letter for the genome. We can send this file again if you need it. If you are adding a new protein, it would not have a protein accession number. You would need to use a new locus_tag that was not in the previous annotation and you would need to give the new protein a unique identifier (usually the same as the new locus_tag). For example, if you used ABC_6000 as the new locus_tag, you could use: gnl|WGS:XXXX|ABC\_6000 Please include a summary of the expected protein fates (new proteins, same proteins, changed proteins, removed proteins) so we will know what to expect. If you are modifying an existing protein (maybe just moving the start codon) then use the same locus_tag and protein_id that is in the previous annotation. The protein will also keep its protein accession number. If you find that two adjacent proteins should be combined into a single protein and part of the translation stays the same, then choose one of the locus_tag/protein_ids/protein_accessions from the previous annotation to use for the new protein (preferably the one that had the similar translation) and remove the other identifiers (or you could add the removed locus_tag to the /old_locus_tag qualifier and include a note explaining twohat t proteins were combined). If you are completely changing a protein (maybe changing the reading frame) such that the new translation is completely different, then it would be a new protein with a new locus_tag, new protein_id, which would be assigned a new accession upon release into GenBank. If you do remove a protein, then do not reuse the locus_tag/protein_id/protein_accession for a different protein. The identifiers are meant to represent a single unique feature and should not be moved to different proteins. Please contact us at [email protected] if you have questions about generating the submission files, or about details of annotation. Genome Resources About WGSWGS BrowserGenome Submission GuideGenome Submission PortalUpdate Genome RecordsFAQtbl2asnCreate Submission TemplateEukaryotic Annotation GuideProkaryotic Annotation GuideAnnotation Example FilesDiscrepancy ReportNCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation PipelineAGP FormatComplex Assembly Submission GuideMetagenome Submission GuideBioProject
闫女士在访谈中最先给出的“重要”证据在这里能看到：https://forums.huaren.us/showtopic.html?topicid=2579658&posterid=387591
中国1月12日上传gene bank的covid-19的基因序列在1月14日被replaced，她说这是因为一月十三日泰国发现了新冠病例，国外能够独立测序，这样新冠基因序列和舟山蝙蝠最接近的事实会暴露，无法继续掩盖。所以一月十四日重新上传了正确的序列。
简版Summary: 1）NIH Genbank1月14日之前之后的新冠基因序列每次更新版本都由genbank记录在案,并编号提供链接，可以比较。不存在隐瞒误导的可能性。 2）1月12日为止，中国除张教授上传genbank的一个新冠序列之外，还有另外五个新冠序列由中科院，医科院，武汉病毒所上传保存在GISAID，全世界科学家可以用来分析 3）1月12日，美国科学家已经可以根据已知新冠序列构间进化树，显示舟山蝙蝠冠状病毒和新冠进化关系最接近。
所以，闫的所谓上传NIH Genbank“错误”序列是为了掩盖新冠和舟山蝙蝠冠状病毒进化关系接近的指控纯属无稽之谈。并反映出她专业水平的严重缺陷。对Genbank规则程序非常不了解，对学界进展跟踪不足，所以会得出可笑的结论。
我们来看看是不是这么回事儿。
一月份新冠发生的时候，我非常关切，一直在密切跟踪事态发展，紧密跟踪学界关于新冠的消息，看下面的链接和图片：
最初复旦zhang yongzhen教授团队上传了新冠基因全序列，消息由virological网站1月10日（美国时间， 我想，没确认）发布https://virological.org/t/novel-2019-coronavirus-genome/319， “ Novel 2019 coronavirus genome Novel 2019 coronavirus
The Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & School of Public Health, in collaboration with the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, the Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control, and the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia is releasing a coronavirus genome from a case of a respiratory disease from the Wuhan outbreak. The sequence has also been deposited on GenBank (accession MN908947 22.5k) and will be released as soon as possible. Update: This genome is now available on GenBank and an updated version has been posted 22.5k. Disclaimer: Please feel free to download, share, use, and analyze this data. We ask that you communicate with us if you wish to publish results that use these data in a journal. If you have any other questions –then please also contact us directly. Professor Yong-Zhen Zhang, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. email: [email protected]“
至今，NIH gene bank 新冠基因序列的发现credit还是张教授团队的：https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN908947
UPDATE: genbank每次作者update 序列都有记录，而且不是新序列覆盖原序列，而是编号保存每次上传序列，所以Dr. Zhang第一次上传和以后两次update编号成MN908947.1, MN908947.2, MN908947
链接如下： https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN908947.1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN908947.2 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/MN908947
所以，不存在上传错误序列误导其他学者的可能性，每一次序列都完整记录在案。如果是专业人员也可以看到这些更新都是minor勘误性质的，对数据分析的影响可以忽略。
另外，基因序列update是common practice, 作着可以随时更新， genbank有FAQ/protocol 指导update sequence的操作,链接在此： https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/update/
"Updating Information on GenBank Records The following information provides the different methods to submit updates to GenBank in order to ensure that your update is processed quickly and correctly. Updates provided in an incorrect format will not be processed. All update files should be saved as plain text and mailed to [email protected]. If you are updating multiple records, please send a list of all accessions to be updated at the top of your request."
然后1月12日，中国CDC， 中国医学科学院，武汉金银潭医院跟进发布了另外五个新冠病毒全序列在GISAID (an acronym standing for Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data, 一个方便科学家迅速交换病毒病原体信息的国际平台）。至今，每天全世界还在上传各地测得的新冠序列，更新进化树，方便病毒溯源等。
https://virological.org/t/novel-2019-coronavirus-genome/319
arambautARTIC Network Jan 12
Five new genomes have been deposited in the GISAID platform: https://gisaid.org/CoV2020 3.1k
注意，这里时间是1月12日，就是说，除NIH genebank之外，有GISAID做为新冠基因序列的数据库。
然后，全世界各地科学家迅速开展分析，并第一时间考察新冠和其他已知冠状病毒的关系，构建进化树。下面是Dr. Trevor Bradford （Scientist @fredhutch , studying viruses, evolution and immunity. Collection of threads here: https://bedford.io/misc/twitter/
Seattle, WA） 1月12日发布的新冠进化树：
https://twitter.com/trvrb/status/1216497614423638017
Thanks to rapid and open data sharing by China CDC, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Institute of Pathogen Biology and Fudan University, we know genomes from 6 of the novel coronaviruses isolated in Wuhan. I''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''ve posted a tree of these viruses here: https://nextstrain.org/groups/blab/sars-like-cov 1/4
UPDATE: 进化树右下方六个红点是1月12日全世界已知新冠基因序列，分别是WH-Human_1, 张团队上传，存于genbank， 其他五个是中国CDC， 中科院，武汉金银潭（武汉病毒所）上传存于GISAID的完整序列。就是说即使没有genbank 张团队上传序列，进化树一样可以建立，并显示当时已知最接近新冠的冠状病毒是来自舟山蝙蝠的冠状病毒。
所以，Genbank一月十四日序列的更新对全世界科学家分析新冠进化关系毫无影响。他们的发现一月十四日前后并不会有任何不同。
看到树的最下面，和新冠最接近的两个冠状病毒了么？ Bat_SL_CoVZC45和bat_SL_CoVZXC21, 就是闫女士指出的舟山蝙蝠SARS样冠状病毒。
就是说，所谓中国1月14日更改genebank新冠序列是因为泰国发现了新冠，无法继续掩饰新冠和舟山蝙蝠冠状病毒进化之接近关系纯粹是无稽之谈，是闫女士或郭路团队的想象。
🔥 最新回帖
不是调查过了吗
哈哈，美国在中国近海跟中国作战是必输无疑，16年中国摆开架势要跟美国打一仗，结果呢，美国舰队灰溜溜的跑掉了，让菲律宾大失所望，马上投靠中国
你除了口吐芬芳没别的本事了，你这种胡搅蛮缠的人水平太次，跟你说话显得我太掉价了
什么红码绿码，5个1，无非是玩老百姓，用防疫的理由
🛋️ 沙发板凳
真想骂人，可是想想还是忍了。其实全世界就问中国政府一句话就好了：开门让世界各国顶尖的科学家去调查清楚就能还你清白这么简单的一件事，你们为什么就是不肯呢？
这些人信用透支，迟早被美国情报机构一脚踢开。只有需要政治造势的美国某些势力还会在继续利用他们，因为事实不重要，政治煽动最重要。
人家炮制谎言也得你共配合啊，而且还配合得天衣无缝。只能说他们是要作死自己啦！！！！
有人造谣了吗！我们是中国人，但是我们代表的是诚实正直的中国人，请你别动不动就把某个邪教组织来代表我们，而且美国宣战的是制造病毒传播病毒，你家书记说的可防可控！亲自指导亲自指挥，又不是我们说的！我们也希望不是真的，那就调查呗！身正不怕影子歪！
比如大纪元法轮功之流爱的很
疫情开始的时候就计划这些谣言用于日后的攻击？那他们那时候就能预测全球特别是美国能搞成这样？用那么多人命和经济损失去换个攻击中国的借口？脑子秀逗了吧……真的坦坦荡荡让大家去查就行了，那时候再摆证据，其他的争也没意思。看你是老ID我才认真回的 哎
我是主权国家，凭什么让你来调查，你不要无所谓，但是国家还要保存点脸面。 爱信不信。
哈哈哈，谁指控谁举证。
法庭不会让任何一个人自证没有做过什么。
比如，你如何自证你从没加入过共产党？你可以做到么？
全世界科学家都被收买了，就川普厉害，你信他就去喝消毒液吧
因为所谓调查的本来就是来找茬的 调查不出问题怎么办，绝不会说你没有问题，而是会继续调查，没完没了
现在还有谁不知道世卫是些什么玩意，我们还真不认。至于全世界的科学家是否真的全部被收买，那更应该让大家检验检验啊！！！！
真是深得你家主子真传，整个一副“我是流氓我怕谁”。还凭什么让别人去调查，就凭这个病毒是从那里先开始的，就凭现在全世界几百万人被感染，几十万人死亡。在你主子的眼里这些都是草芥，无足轻重，可是在文明世界里人命大于天！！！！
对的，昨天倍速听了路德油管，强调目标和策略就是努力要让美国人相信是中共制造生物武器，产自自然实验室泄露都不能行，因为那样不会全世界灭共。LOL.
呵呵，现在谁不知道Trump政府什么玩意，全世界都懂，最铁盟友Boris都盼着他早点下台，有脸说世卫，自己砸了锅，不辞职天天吹。众叛亲离。也就没自尊不自爱的华人会去当铁粉。
去了几次？你说这话不脸红？当初世卫的美国专家被拒签，来的那些专家也是去了无关紧要的地方转了转，这些记录网上应该都还有，你就不能先看看再来洗地？
哦，贪书记也去了，不过是去了北京，拿了2000万美元，然后它的建议是世界各国不要跟中国断航，这应该是一月二十八号左右的事儿。
没错，人命大于天，好好查查为什么同一种病毒，中国全国封城，美国连总统都不建议戴口罩，这是在误导什么，故意消灭老年人好省钱吗？
睁开你的眼睛看看是谁现在四面楚歌！！！
你说是就是哪，你说的证据在哪？ 伊拉克战争中的杀伤性武器在哪？ 过段时间去超市，你的白人主子说你偷东西了，要搜身，是你自己脱还是他帮你？这种话很难听，但就是你的思维啊。
这些东西都是睁着眼睛说瞎话，算了，还是去睡觉了。人家那里现在可是白天，咱们熬不过它们。
其实你这段话的主语换成200斤可是很贴切呢。 ccp做的这么多无底线的事情已经到了人神共愤的地步了你这么“自尊自爱”的怎么还去粉它？
拒绝美国的专家就是等于拒绝所有其他国家了？其他国家专家都不是人？真是脸大！韩国日本没断航，然后呢？都爆发了？自己国家搞砸了，准备群体免疫，多少华人吹捧这很科学，现在呢，然后又要怪别人？
扯什么伊拉克啊，现在说的是病毒。这个病毒是不是从中国出来的？全世界除了你土工谁不知道啊。别的你再扯什么都没有用！
川普即便像推迟也得能做到吧？哪像200斤说修仙就修仙 干预州政府？你搞笑么？你没看到之前他被纽约州长怼？ 说说看他现在哪里过份了？
病毒是从中国出来又怎么了？中国自己也是受害者！敢让美国专家去？再整个洗衣粉出来怎么办，这种事干了都不是一次了，现在给伊拉克人民赔偿了吗？甚至连道歉都没有，还有脸又要去查中国，中国历史上从来没有使用过生化武器。
这些扣帽子的，根本看不懂吧。
那个时候全世界的口罩ppe都被ccp用各种见得人见不得人的手段给搜刮干净了啊，连美国大兵都手动缝制口罩了，川普也说了实在不行用围巾遮住嘴也可以，这还是那些医学顾问不建议戴口罩的时候他这么讲的，这就被你华丽的给忽视了？
你就不要拿洗衣粉这个梗来说事儿了，普京的一句玩笑话你还拿着当宝贝，这个事情的来龙去脉以前华人上科普过，要我再给你讲一遍？ 有受害者满世界撒病毒的？有受害者想不知道自己怎么受害的？
上次给你列了数据2月份中国进口了23亿口罩，四月份单单美国，中国出口了47亿口罩，你同事说说什么数据啊，网上闲聊而已，然后你当缩头乌龟再不回复，现在再来一遍，是觉得脸被打的不够吗？
你看不懂我说什么？其他国家的专家去了几个无关紧要的地方转了几圈儿这也叫调查？！韩国日本没爆发？意大利没爆发？法国没爆发？
意大利是一对马克思主义教授在意大利发病被人家免费治好，法国是某人吃退烧药逃过海关检查还得意洋洋发朋友圈儿，这可都是ccp在封了武汉之后做的“好事儿”
呵呵，真是打脸嫌不够，这是Trump总统在Twitter上指责不为他背书的军方领袖鲍威尔上说的。
所以，去了就是“无关紧要的地方”，病毒人人平等，你重视追踪有措施就能控制，不重视就失控！你说什么，明眼人都懂，你们这些人，所有的帖子里就一个主题，想说的就是，所有的错都是中国的错！美国赶紧去打中国吧。别整天糊弄年轻人说自己是什么正义的目的，正义的人不会去有组织有目的的制造谣言试图挑起战争。
你这比喻打的真是奇葩。根本不是一回事情！
文明世界人命大于天，我开始也是这样认为的，BLM打砸抢杀人不是发生在美国这个文明社会？
你不是走了吗？还是不舍得 呵呵😄
宣传委员 这个id起的。。。 到底是谁家的propaganda，川粉华人论坛分部？
不是共产主义支持的吗？
亚裔 中国人和制造传播病毒的是一个概念吗？需要回学校学习下中文再来发两毛文章
你不是逢川必反么？怎么现在把他的话当救命稻草了？做人不要这么精分好不好？
中国啥时候制造并传播了病毒？你们造谣小分队轮着来？刚才你同事刚被打完脸。亚洲一部分有啥问题？别人看脸就是亚裔，韩国人都站出来说，我们都是Chinese Virus这个说法的受害者，只有断子绝孙的脑残亚裔会天天在没有任何证据的情况下说中国人制造并传播了病毒！
我上次回你你没看到？你是不是该去配一副老花镜了？
我啥时说中国制造了？我说的邪教组织难不成你认可了？怕别人说就开门调查啊！中国人民也是受害者，中国也被无辜受疫情侵害了，但是邪教组织做没做问问被拆的海鲜市场问问造出来的基因段还有问问李文亮医生是不是可防可控，一带一路
我等着你解释中国怎么搜刮了全世界的PPE，中国得到了23亿个口罩，一个多月时间光美国就出口了47亿个口罩，已经在你不同的造谣里问你第三次了，如果你解释不了，还有点良知，在这里给所有给国内捐过口罩的人道歉！
你这口罩如果是3m的本来就是美国公司的，还有你们那个口罩质量，问下全世界去质量好吗？关于搜刮口罩很多微信记录和新闻都有！最神奇的就是那句可防可控传播全世界
大言不惭的无赖逻辑, 水准不错,可以提拔你到外交部了
Zhang Yong Zheng教授在哪里 让他出来接收下采访不好吗.
这个序列是next generation sequencing从病人样品里测序得来的。NGS是 shotgun sequencing模式，就是在不纯化很复杂的样本里把所有存在的核酸分成很多随机小段儿来测序，然后用计算机利用overlap的头尾部分拼接出完整序列。
所以最后要测序者检查评判序列是否完整拼接，有没有多或少。
也许他们赶着发表，后来勘误吧。没什么不正常的。
郭文贵说的很多大事最后都应验了
上面一个网友的观点其实很客观的，如果这个女人有实在的证据，至少会有背书的人，你说欧洲人变心了，美国人总没有全部变心吧，美国这个领域的有人背书吗？ 反过来讲，如果真的是中国制造的，并且散播的，这个女人如果知道实情，会有命来美国吗？死一飞机的人也不会让她跑掉啊，这是反人类的。 看看热闹就行了，不外乎一场闹剧，过几天人忘了，也就消停了。
不会说话就不要说，这理真说不通，继续想答案，这次的不计入你的考核指标。
中国口罩搜刮这事跑不了 微信很多记录在那里的，可防可控这事也跑不了 某组织书记自己说的 李文亮被训诫这事也逃不了！做了错事还不让别人说，估计只有二百斤领导的一毛操作的出来
这种东西专业性太强，着实不敢说话。 科学不会造假，目前学术不支持人造病毒这个说法。 外行的人想，如果真要是人造病毒，会不会更好一些，会不会提前有解药呢？ 这传染速度太快了，下半年咋过啊
当时只有中国有疫情，从全世界买口罩不是很正常嘛。疫情刚爆发的时候认为可防可控很正常啊，谁能想到后来会这么严重
呵呵 李文亮医生晚上来找你好好谈谈
你直接可以把华人上2月份以来所有造的谣都当证据，赶紧举报去，中国故意买光PPE，就怕FBI直接看了先灭你觉得被你带坑里太丢人。
搜刮什么意思，口罩不是买的？是一分钱没花抢过去的？
李文亮是英雄，也是受害者，请不要玷污别人的名声，更不要拿来当武器。
呵呵 你问问你家红十字会，收了多少海外捐赠的口罩和医疗物资，有付钱吗？是给老百姓用吗？粉红没啥说了，就开始咬文嚼字了？
问问你同事，不是初期收集口罩正常吗？李文亮医生十二月已经提醒人传人的可能性，你跟你同事能沟通好再来赚一毛可以吗
美国现在是不是也在搜刮比亚迪的口罩？？？
你脸怎么这么大呢？
你不知道这些口罩ppe还有呼吸机都是有时间窗口的？你不知道当时美国政府已经要求通用等汽车生产厂家按照战时法令生产呼吸机？
国内当时还把口罩ppe呼吸机当作战略物资呢，怎么后来出口美国这么多就不是战略物资了？
国内粉红还喊过让美国人没有口罩用，为美国死这么多人叫好呢，要不你也去墙内让它们道道歉？
哦，还有在美国最缺口罩的时候国内还有人把美国这边捐赠的口罩要卖回来，甚至连捐赠方的标签都没有撕下去。这是不是也该让它们道歉？
还有在国内疫情最严重的时候日本街头打出来的标语是武汉加油，你看看后来国内是怎么幸灾乐祸的？你就不感到脸红？
请问你捐了任何东西吗？没捐的最喜欢拿这个说事。
闫丽梦说，这种取代在基因数据库里是“非常罕见”的。闫丽梦说的1/12/2020的那几例，后来被新序列取代。你指出的真正的第一例也是短时间内被取代了两次。你说这种取代是正常的，她说是罕见的，到底谁对？作为外行，我把MN908947名字稍作更改了几次在数据库里搜索了一下，发现没有一例是有取代历史的。
没看到GSIAID还有中国同期上传的其他五个序列么，一点不影响全世界科学家构建进化树，发现舟山蝙蝠冠状病毒和新冠进化上最接近？
另外，这里下面是gene bank关于更新序列的程序说明。如果update draft sequence不是common practice, 需要搞这么个FAQ/protocol 说明么？
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/wgs_update/
Updating Information on GenBank Genome Records The following information provides the different methods to submit updates for draft genomes in order to ensure that your update is processed quickly and correctly. Updates provided in an incorrect format will delay processing. All update files should be saved as plain text. If you are updating multiple records, please send a list of all accessions to be updated at the top of your request. Update Formats Author Information Add a Publication Source Information A new assembly of the genome (sequence update) Changing text or adding new qualifiers for existing features Adding or removing a few features Re-annotating existing records (adding or removing or moving many features) Author Information Replace any non-ASCII characters (for example, characters with accents and umlauts) with the appropriate English letters, and send a 2-column table with the accession number in column 1 and the author names listed as "given_name middle_initial surname" in column 2, where the middle_initial is optional. For example: ARTP00000000 Thomas Smith, Robert T. Jones, Susan Zhu, Michael N. Boone AMQC00000000 Robert T. Jones, Martin M.J. Roberts, Henry P. Allen Add a Publication To add a publication, provide the PubMedID, if one has been assigned. Otherwise, replace any non-ASCII characters (for example, characters with accents and umlauts) with the appropriate English letters and provide the journal name and paper title. Provide the authors in a 2-column table with the accession number in column 1 and the author names listed as "given_name middle_initial surname" in column 2, where the middle_initial is optional. For example: ARTP00000000 Thomas Smith, Robert T. Jones, Susan Zhu, Michael N. Boone Nature Genetics. Genome sequence of the ABCD organism. Source Information Send updates to the source information (i.e. strain, cultivar, country, specimen_voucher) in a multi-column tab-delimited table, See https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Sequin/modifiers.html for a list of valid qualifiers. For example: acc. num. strain country XXXX00000000 82 USA XXXY00000000 ABC Canada A new assembly of the genome (sequence update) If you have updated the sequence and the chromosomes of the genome are still in multiple pieces, then create a new WGS submission as you did before following the instructions. Upload the new files in the Genome Submission Portal and select 'yes' that it is an update to an existing genome. Include the WGS accession XXXX00000000 in the box. Be sure to use the same BioProject and BioSample IDs that are in the original genome. The sequences will be assigned new accession numbers and the master accession will increment to the next version, e.g., XXXX01000000 would update to XXXX02000000. See more information about WGS accession numbers. If the chromosomes of the genome are now each in a single sequence, then submit this genome assembly as a complete genome by choosing option 1 (non-wgs genomes) on the Files tab of a new submission in the Genome Submission Portal. Select 'yes' that it is an update to an existing genome and include the WGS accession XXXX00000000 in the box. Be sure to use the same BioProject and BioSample IDs that are in the original genome. Create prokaryotic files as described at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/genomesubmit. Annotate eukaryotic genomes as described at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/eukaryotic_genome_submission_annotation/ Changing text or adding new qualifiers for existing features Use a tab-delimited table for simple updates to existing features (e.g., changing product names or adding EC_numbers to existing CDS features). The first row in the table would be the headers, with subsequent rows for each qualifier being modified or added. The first column is the accession or contig name, the second is locus_tag, and subsequent columns are the qualifiers being changed. For example: Accession Locus_tag gene_name CDS_product CDS note gene note XXXX01000001 Abc_xxxx lacZ beta-galactosidase present in multiple copies XXXX01000010 Abc_xxxy helicase required for replication Also indicate whether blank cells mean 'delete what is present' or 'no change'. A blank cell in the CDS_product can never mean 'delete' since that is a required field. You only need to include the features that are changing. New product names will need to follow the protein naming conventions; see the Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Genome Guidelines. NOTE: You cannot add, remove, or change the locations of new features (e.g., new CDS or gene) this way. If you want to make those changes, then see the instructions below. Adding or removing a few features If you are only adding a few new features, then you could send a small 5-column Feature Table .tbl file that has only the new features. However, if there are many changes, then follow the instructions below for re-annotating existing records. For more information about this table format see the Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic Genome Guidelines. If you are only removing a few features, send us a list of the locus_tags for the features that need to be removed. We will let you know if we find any issues when the update file is processed, e.g., if a CDS overlaps an rRNA feature. Email the files to [email protected] andinclude the WGS accession in the request. Re-annotating existing records (adding or removing or moving features) If the genome has been released with annotation and you want to update the annotation (but not change the sequences), create a new annotated submission as you did originally, and submit the update via the WGS submission portal https://submit.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/subs/wgs/. We will replace all of the existing annotation with the annotation in the new file. The fasta header in the update must include the contig identifier (SeqID) used in the original submission and the accession numbers. The correct format for the identifiers in such an update is: gnl|WGS:XXXX|SeqID|gb|XXXX01xxxxxx where XXXX is the accession prefix and XXXX01xxxxxx is the contig accession number. You should have received an xxxx.accs file containing the contig identifiers and accession numbers when the genome was released. Let us know if you need a copy of this file. Please see the WGS page for instructions about how to generate a WGS submission. In addition, be sure to read either the Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic Genome Guidelines. In the standard situation for WGS genomes, annotation is not tracked from the previous version to the new version. The locus_tag prefix always remains the same; however, the locus_tags would need to be unique in the new annotation, both within the update and compared to the previous annotation. A simple way to ensure uniqueness is to use a different number of digits after the underscore in the locus_tag. For example, if the registered locus_tag prefix is ABC and the previous annotation has 4 digits after the underscore (ABC_0001), then the new annotation could have 5 digits (ABC_00001). Similarly, the protein_ids must be unique compared to the previous assembly. By using the locus_tag in the protein_id, this uniqueness could be maintained, for example: gnl|WGS:xxxx|ABC\_00001 where XXXX is the accession number prefix of the project. Alternatively, you could track the annotation from the previous version to this update. Note that this is not required. Track both the locus_tag's and protein_id's so that they are included when the gene/CDS is retained in the new annotation, even if the nucleotide location is modified slightly (e.g., the start codon is being extended upstream). To track the proteins, the protein_id's must have the format: gnl|WGS:xxxx|SeqID|gb|accession\_number where XXXX is the accession number prefix of the project, SeqID is the protein SeqId (column 1 of the p2g file) and accession_number is the protein accession number (column 2 of the p2g file). You should have received a p2g file with the release letter for the genome. We can send this file again if you need it. If you are adding a new protein, it would not have a protein accession number. You would need to use a new locus_tag that was not in the previous annotation and you would need to give the new protein a unique identifier (usually the same as the new locus_tag). For example, if you used ABC_6000 as the new locus_tag, you could use: gnl|WGS:XXXX|ABC\_6000 Please include a summary of the expected protein fates (new proteins, same proteins, changed proteins, removed proteins) so we will know what to expect. If you are modifying an existing protein (maybe just moving the start codon) then use the same locus_tag and protein_id that is in the previous annotation. The protein will also keep its protein accession number. If you find that two adjacent proteins should be combined into a single protein and part of the translation stays the same, then choose one of the locus_tag/protein_ids/protein_accessions from the previous annotation to use for the new protein (preferably the one that had the similar translation) and remove the other identifiers (or you could add the removed locus_tag to the /old_locus_tag qualifier and include a note explaining twohat t proteins were combined). If you are completely changing a protein (maybe changing the reading frame) such that the new translation is completely different, then it would be a new protein with a new locus_tag, new protein_id, which would be assigned a new accession upon release into GenBank. If you do remove a protein, then do not reuse the locus_tag/protein_id/protein_accession for a different protein. The identifiers are meant to represent a single unique feature and should not be moved to different proteins. Please contact us at [email protected] if you have questions about generating the submission files, or about details of annotation. Genome Resources About WGS WGS Browser Genome Submission Guide Genome Submission Portal Update Genome Records FAQ tbl2asn Create Submission Template Eukaryotic Annotation Guide Prokaryotic Annotation Guide Annotation Example Files Discrepancy Report NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline AGP Format Complex Assembly Submission Guide Metagenome Submission Guide BioProject
也说明闫博士的业务水平比较呵呵呵...
不太恭敬的话，思维有些...妄想倾向。把 benign events 来进行另类解读。
所以你所有的写的只证明了一点：从头到尾，你没有参与过任何一方的捐赠，你的消息都是网上看来得，哪条能显示华人low就上哪条。low人嘛，只能看到low事！ 在中国疫情严重的时候，华人寄回去所有能买到的口罩和其他设备，捐款捐物。在美国疫情严重，还是华人，组织联系从中国运来PPE捐赠给美国医院。因为那时候只有中国恢复了，有生产能力。捐了多少，自己去搜新闻。那时候国内还有被捐赠的机构运来口罩给美国的捐赠人，参与了都知道，没参与的，就像你这样的键盘侠，口口声声代表正义，屁事没做，从头到尾就在造谣传谣！ 你的脸今天已经被打多次，足够大，想被打继续！
看了标题就直接看ID，果然崭新。走好不送。
你这逻辑很奇怪啊，我没有捐赠就不能发表意见？ 我捐赠没有还要向你汇报？ 还有你不要在这里偷换概念，当初ccp骂美国的时候可是说美国没有捐赠任何东西，日人民报还有表格图文并茂的，现在应该还在。ccp可是把口罩当作战略物资禁止出口了有些时间，等它生产能力达到了自然会“大方”的出口了，要不它还能拿什么换外汇？可是这个时候你出口再多又能怎么样？美国最需要口罩的窗口期已经过了啊！这个道理还需要不停给你重复？
这些人故意的，所有的事他们都能扭曲成在害美国，他们的方针就是造谣挑拨两国打起来，这群货又坏又蠢，要么就压根不在美国。怎么抹黑中国人都没关系，中国人真像他们说的那样，他们自己出门也得挨板砖！
中国人跟你服务的制造病毒传播病毒的组织不是一个概念！
你信吗？脸面保住了？
所以🐷党粉丝就用消毒液把老公毒死了。预谋杀人然后还嫁祸川普。
我捐了，捐给了武汉的一线医院和医生。保护医生，治病救人。不觉得有什么问题。
你捐了吗？捐给谁了？ 口口声声拿李文亮说事，你干过什么帮助过武汉一线的医生吗？
先搞清楚川普为啥要推迟。还不是🐷党提出今年不适合到投票站投票，要搞大规模邮寄投票，好方便造假。既然都没法出门了，只好推迟了。如果不想推迟很简单，不要搞什么大规模邮寄投票。
喜欢拿这个说事的，恐怕没给武汉捐过，也没有给美国捐过。
我认识的所有华人，都是开始给武汉捐。 后来给美国捐。捐医院，捐警察。 我朋友圈里，都是一样的。
没有一个只捐了武汉不捐美国的。也没有一个只捐美国不捐武汉的。
个人觉得这些各种造谣的人根本就没想过你所担心的这些…几个月前就有个外国同事上班主动cue我说了一堆有的没的，大多都是赤裸裸的“流行”好久的脑残谣言，尤其其中一个是当时封城时候我阴错阳差碰巧亲自查过所以确定是谣言，关键是那外国人一句中文都不会，不知道从哪儿看到的…当时WFH连着team我也没管还有个manager也在，立马反驳了（我是那种在办公室基本不太吭声一般也没啥脾气的人），还是我manager说了句都是政治…看着不少说着中文写着中文却没干啥人事儿的“中国人”，我不知道究竟这是怎么了…北美确实有些很反智的人，你们美国我不清楚，但加拿大魁省闹独立闹的也挺欢，但我没觉得有那么多像某些中国人一样行为的加拿大人…纵然管不了其他人的行为，但说实话我觉得很悲凉…
没有问题，而且也没有人说这有问题。问题是当时没有哪个国家把口罩ppe呼吸机当作战略物资禁止出口中国；然而后来当疫情蔓延到全世界的时候ccp却把这些东西当作战略物资禁止出口，即便是3m自己工厂生产的口罩也被禁止运往美国，这才是问题。现在懂了？
你没捐赠任何一方，当然没资格也没脸在这里谈这个问题！不过，脸大不嫌再肿点！喜欢被打就好好记住：47亿这个数字是四月底，纽约的高峰期。中国二三月份自己都没搞定当然要作为战略储备。美国到现在还在讨论是否需要呢，啥叫美国需要口罩的窗口期？美国疫情三月下旬爆发，一个多月就47亿，这就变成你说的卡脖子了？你能要点脸吗？告诉你，现在还在缺，BYD的生产是怎么在拼命赶进度，自己去看看新闻，中国人就是为了赚外汇？不是在救人命？这次疫情，我看到的是中国人的团结努力解决问题，无论海外国内。干活的人没空抱怨，而你们这些low人，除了能记住点最low的新闻天天再加点想象传播，对这个社会没有任何贡献任何价值！
没错，一样的，从2月份忙到5月底，看见这些个玩意还整天造谣说华侨故意买光所有PPE，不把做好事的美华罪名做实他们是不甘心啊。