根据英国保守派智库亨利·杰克逊协会(the Henry Jackson Society)的说法,美国就新冠病毒针对中国提起的潜在诉讼有可能价值1万2千亿美元。该智库的新报告说,中国有可能要为疫情造成的损失承担责任,因为其早期处理疫情不当,尤其是有意扣住信息,不向世界卫生组织通报,据称这违反了《国际卫生条例》。
白眼狼台巴蛆、撲街仔暴徒港燦、邪教輪子、無知無能無腦豬連英文都不會的流氓土匪鍵盤畜狗、
The Coronavirus CONSPIRACY-Did Covid-19 Come from America? https://youtu.be/3J6zm6zgah0 無人性台巴暴徒港燦如看々這個視頻和許多住在Maryland、Delaware 州的美國民眾的評論描述從去年開始他們就有呼吸系統、肺炎等怪病等々一些美國人的真實狀況,他們去看醫生,但醫院、私人醫生等都不告訴他們實情⋯⋯,別忘了,2019年7月,位于马里兰州德特里克堡的美国陆军传染病医学研究所(生化武器实验室)被关闭,而且是被美国CDC下令关闭的,非常不合常理。這裡只show 一個評論: Livin\'in Theloophole4 days ago
I live in Delaware.. right next to maryland. Like 1 mile.. in late November early December everyone around here had a horrible unnamed respiratory illness. Flu negative. My family had it.. almost killed my mother. Went to the drs 3 times had it for 21 days.. bad. It was not a normal flu and no dr could help.. everyone at my physical therapy place had it. For 3 weeks they all said drs couldn\'t pin point it. We all laughed at the unnamed respiratory illness and made jokes.. they had the same exact symptoms. The people at drug stores food store.. everyone in this little town had it. Right after wuhan got it. This has been my theory also. I figured we had it and it mutated in china and came.back. my mother has been isolated since then. So when we can see if she has antibodies we will know.. also they are flat out refusing to test us here. Like they dont want us to know.
《纽约时报》8日报道称,美专家最新研究表明,纽约地区的新冠肺炎疫情主要是从欧洲输入,而不是亚洲。
报道称,最新的基因研究表明,新冠病毒早在2月中旬就开始在纽约地区传播,也就是第一个确诊病例出现之前的几周,而携带病毒到纽约的主要是欧洲旅客,而不是亚洲旅客。
“大多数显然是来自欧洲,”纽约西奈山伊坎医学院(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)的遗传学家哈姆·范·巴克尔(Harm van Bakel)说,他共同撰写了一份研究报告,正在等待同行评审。
尽管研究了不同的病例组,但纽约大学格罗斯曼医学院(N.Y.U. Grossman School of Medicine)的一个独立研究团队得出了惊人相似的结论。
这两个团队都从3月中旬开始,分析了来自纽约确诊病例的新冠病毒基因组。研究发现,新冠病毒较早前很有可能在隐藏的状态下传播,如果政府实施了积极的检测程序,病毒可以更早被发现。
报道指出,3月11日,美国对大多数欧洲国家实施旅行禁令,但是纽约人此前“已经带着病毒回家了”。
The Coronavirus CONSPIRACY-Did Covid-19 Come from America? https://youtu.be/3J6zm6zgah0 無人性台巴暴徒港燦如會英文看々這個視頻和許多住在Maryland、Delaware 州的美國民眾的評論描述從去年開始他們就有呼吸系統、肺炎等怪病等々一些美國人的真實狀況,他們去看醫生,但醫院、私人醫生等都不告訴他們實情⋯⋯,別忘了,2019年7月,位于马里兰州德特里克堡的美国陆军传染病医学研究所(生化武器实验室)被关闭,而且是被美国CDC下令关闭的,非常不合常理。這裡只show 一個評論: Livin\'in Theloophole4 days ago
I live in Delaware.. right next to maryland. Like 1 mile.. in late November early December everyone around here had a horrible unnamed respiratory illness. Flu negative. My family had it.. almost killed my mother. Went to the drs 3 times had it for 21 days.. bad. It was not a normal flu and no dr could help.. everyone at my physical therapy place had it. For 3 weeks they all said drs couldn\'t pin point it. We all laughed at the unnamed respiratory illness and made jokes.. they had the same exact symptoms. The people at drug stores food store.. everyone in this little town had it. Right after wuhan got it. This has been my theory also. I figured we had it and it mutated in china and came.back. my mother has been isolated since then. So when we can see if she has antibodies we will know.. also they are flat out refusing to test us here. Like they dont want us to know.
The Coronavirus CONSPIRACY-Did Covid-19 Come from America? https://youtu.be/3J6zm6zgah0 無人性台巴暴徒港燦如會英文看々這個視頻和許多住在Maryland、Delaware 州的美國民眾的評論描述從去年開始他們就有呼吸系統、肺炎等怪病等々一些美國人的真實狀況,他們去看醫生,但醫院、私人醫生等都不告訴他們實情⋯⋯,別忘了,2019年7月,位于马里兰州德特里克堡的美国陆军传染病医学研究所(生化武器实验室)被关闭,而且是被美国CDC下令关闭的,非常不合常理。這裡只show 一個評論: Livin\'in Theloophole4 days ago
I live in Delaware.. right next to maryland. Like 1 mile.. in late November early December everyone around here had a horrible unnamed respiratory illness. Flu negative. My family had it.. almost killed my mother. Went to the drs 3 times had it for 21 days.. bad. It was not a normal flu and no dr could help.. everyone at my physical therapy place had it. For 3 weeks they all said drs couldn\'t pin point it. We all laughed at the unnamed respiratory illness and made jokes.. they had the same exact symptoms. The people at drug stores food store.. everyone in this little town had it. Right after wuhan got it. This has been my theory also. I figured we had it and it mutated in china and came.back. my mother has been isolated since then. So when we can see if she has antibodies we will know.. also they are flat out refusing to test us here. Like they dont want us to know.
The Coronavirus CONSPIRACY-Did Covid-19 Come from America? https://youtu.be/3J6zm6zgah0 無人性台巴暴徒港燦如會英文看々這個視頻和許多住在Maryland、Delaware 州的美國民眾的評論描述從去年開始他們就有呼吸系統、肺炎等怪病等々一些美國人的真實狀況,他們去看醫生,但醫院、私人醫生等都不告訴他們實情⋯⋯,別忘了,2019年7月,位于马里兰州德特里克堡的美国陆军传染病医学研究所(生化武器实验室)被关闭,而且是被美国CDC下令关闭的,非常不合常理。這裡只show 一個評論: Livin\'in Theloophole4 days ago
I live in Delaware.. right next to maryland. Like 1 mile.. in late November early December everyone around here had a horrible unnamed respiratory illness. Flu negative. My family had it.. almost killed my mother. Went to the drs 3 times had it for 21 days.. bad. It was not a normal flu and no dr could help.. everyone at my physical therapy place had it. For 3 weeks they all said drs couldn\'t pin point it. We all laughed at the unnamed respiratory illness and made jokes.. they had the same exact symptoms. The people at drug stores food store.. everyone in this little town had it. Right after wuhan got it. This has been my theory also. I figured we had it and it mutated in china and came.back. my mother has been isolated since then. So when we can see if she has antibodies we will know.. also they are flat out refusing to test us here. Like they dont want us to know.
资料照片:中国警察在武汉附近一个高速公路收费站检查车内是否有走私野生动物。(2020年1月24日)
不到一个月的时间里,5千多名美国人加入了在佛罗里达州提起的集体诉讼,要求中国政府赔偿新冠病毒疾病造成的损失。原告声称,北京渎职,未能遏制病毒,让他们蒙受了巨大的损失。内华达州和德克萨斯州也有人提起了类似的集体诉讼。
在佛州提起诉讼的伯曼法律集团(Berman Law Group)对美国之音(VOA)说:“我们的诉讼要解决的问题涉及那些因为接触该病毒而受到身体伤害的人…还涉及中国跟‘湿货市场‘交易有关的商业活动。”
该律师所援引的法律依据是《外国主权豁免法》(FSIA)有关“商业活动”和“个人伤害”不享受豁免的例外规定。
但是,旧金山的加州大学哈斯汀法学院教授奇美娜·凯特纳(Chimene Keitner)不这样认为。
凯特纳指出:“如果你读一读按照这部法律所裁决的案例,就会极其清楚地看到,个人伤害、某中国官员的行为必须发生在美国领土,法律才能适用。而并没有商业活动发生在美国这里的指称。”
她补充说:“你不能因为他们的政策决定而控告外国政府。”
国际仲裁庭
根据英国保守派智库亨利·杰克逊协会(the Henry Jackson Society)的说法,美国就新冠病毒针对中国提起的潜在诉讼有可能价值1万2千亿美元。该智库的新报告说,中国有可能要为疫情造成的损失承担责任,因为其早期处理疫情不当,尤其是有意扣住信息,不向世界卫生组织通报,据称这违反了《国际卫生条例》。
亨利·杰克逊协会敦促各国向中国提起诉讼,并列出了10条不同的法律渠道,包括世卫组织、国际法院、常设仲裁法院以及香港和美国的法院。
亨利·杰克逊协会研究主任和报告的共同作者安德鲁·福克萨尔(Andrew Foxall)在接受美国之音采访时说:“不只使用一个而是把这些法律途径结合使用有可能被证明是最有效的前行路径。”
不过,圣路易斯的华盛顿大学法学院客座教授、前世卫组织法律顾问戴维·菲德勒(David Fidler)认为,包括美国在内的各国不大可能就新冠病毒正式在法律上对中国提出挑战。
他说:“流行病哪里都有可能发生……所以,有那种不要掷出我所说的'规范式回旋镖'的共同利益。有意思的是,在与传染病暴发有关的问题上,各国有强烈的共同利益不去机械地使用国际法。”
跨境伤害
一国对另一国造成的损失有“国际责任”的习惯法最早是在1920年代的特雷尔冶炼厂仲裁案(the Trail Smelter Arbitration)中得到承认的。
加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚的一家冶炼厂排放有毒气体,对周边地区的森林和农作物造成了破坏,而且破坏效果越过美加边境进入了华盛顿州。加拿大和美国为解决纠纷设立了仲裁庭,加拿大政府同意提供赔偿。
法律学者就中国在新冠病毒疫情扩散责任方面在此案中找到了借鉴。
华盛顿与李大学法学教授拉塞尔·米勒(Russel Miller)说:“假如加拿大有良好的环境法落实到位,冶炼厂就不会污染,也不会对美国造成伤害。本案看起来与此有关。哪怕中国仅仅是维持了足够的食品安全监管制度,这种伤害就不会扩散。”
芝加哥的财务律师威廉·斯塔尔沙克(William Starshak)指出,就像加拿大所作的一样,承担责任实际上符合中国的利益。
斯塔尔沙克说:“这实际上将帮助中国显示自己是负责任的公民,而且把所有这些将是多种多样并带有各种地缘政治问题的索赔,结合成一个场合的一个巨大账单。解决它们。这是中国向前走的唯一方式。”